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예술가들의 박물관- 박물관의 탄생과 예술가들에 의해 해석된 박물관
The Museum of Artists - A study on the birth of museum and on the museums interpreted by artists

조형디자인연구 v.19 no.4 2016년, pp.89 - 106  

김수지 (홍익대학교) ,  이형우 (홍익대학교)

초록
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This study is a research on the development of museum and its origin in history based on 'act of collection'. And It is going to introduce new forms of museum interpreted by some artists and to discuss the order of modern classification and display.The origin of museum derived from ‘muséion’ at Alexandria in Egypt. The idea of muséion later on was developed into an early form of modern museum, called ‘cabinet de curiosités’, which displayed varied and wondrous collections of rulers, aristocrats and wealthy merchants.According to French philosopher André Malraux, museums make us to perceive works of art as works by setting a new relation between spectators and works. At the same time the original function of works of art is disappeared in a museum. For example, a portrait of Renaissance is just a piece of painting of an artist. We do not care at all who the person is in the portrait, but the painter. Malraux believed that museum enabled us to classify and to refine styles and modes of art. He created new concept of museum with photos of works of art, called 'Musée imaginaire'. This museum without wall is a space of illimted collections of works beyond space and time.Belgian artist Marcel Broodthaers showed a fictional museum, called . His museum was opened in some different places such as in his Brussels house, at in Kassel and so on, and the collections was changed each time as well. Broodthaers’s museum is an attempt to dispute traditional museum practices and institutional critique.There is an interesting installation by American artist Mark Dion. His work is based on the methods of categorization and display found in natural history museums and related sites. But his cabinet is filled with a pseudo classification. His work is a questioning about taxonomy today in museums, the calssification of the natural world which is a theory of order imposed by man.The museums refered in this study, The museum without wall by Malraux, the new section of eagles created by Broodthaers, The Cabinet by Dion, suggested new concepts of museum. In this study, we are going to take a close look on these artists’ museum with their concepts and to do comparison and analysis with traditional and historical museums.

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