외국인 종군기자 수기에 나타난 집단기억의 이데올로기 - 한국전쟁 참전 수기를 중심으로 - The Ideology of Collective Memory in the Foreign Army-Journalist Reporter - Focusing on the Korean War -
This study aims to discuss the logic and ideological aspects of the process of reconstructing war as a collective memory, focusing on the writings of journalists dispatched to the Korean War.Marguerite Higgins’ War in Korea (1951) takes a revisionist position that the Korean War proceeded as a psychological warfare by the Cold War and was a war for the hegemony preoccupancy between the Communist camp and the anti-communist alliance. Her memoir also expresses hostility towards communism, and is integrated into the ideology of anti-communism by emphasizing the inevitability of the victory of the alliance in the war. Therefore, Higgins’ memoir has been used as an anti-communism text and was translated into a kind of pro-government and propaganda literature in the sense that it had the value of ‘liberalism’ as its core and that it reflected the image of the US military in a positive manner.The French war correspondent Serge Bronberger and three others wrote Retour de Corée (1951), and it illustrates the identity of France as a part of UN forces and the point of division. The memoir recognizes Korea in the beginning of the war as a fascinating place that induces nostalgia. His memoir emphasizes that the Korean peninsula and the Korean people cannot be the others by recording the interviews of Koreans who remained in Seoul and Pyongyang after the restoration of Seoul on September 28 and the reclamation of Pyongyang soon after. If Higgins had served as a war correspondent with a sense of duty and responsibility as part of the US Army, the French correspondent highlighted the snobbishness and victim side of war correspondents by objectifying the war. These two memoirs show the process of re-member-ing by community ideology or logic as a collective memory, but the two are differentiated in that the former was aimed at consolidating the ideology of anti-communism, whereas the latter would show the ethical value of the war.
This study aims to discuss the logic and ideological aspects of the process of reconstructing war as a collective memory, focusing on the writings of journalists dispatched to the Korean War.Marguerite Higgins’ War in Korea (1951) takes a revisionist position that the Korean War proceeded as a psychological warfare by the Cold War and was a war for the hegemony preoccupancy between the Communist camp and the anti-communist alliance. Her memoir also expresses hostility towards communism, and is integrated into the ideology of anti-communism by emphasizing the inevitability of the victory of the alliance in the war. Therefore, Higgins’ memoir has been used as an anti-communism text and was translated into a kind of pro-government and propaganda literature in the sense that it had the value of ‘liberalism’ as its core and that it reflected the image of the US military in a positive manner.The French war correspondent Serge Bronberger and three others wrote Retour de Corée (1951), and it illustrates the identity of France as a part of UN forces and the point of division. The memoir recognizes Korea in the beginning of the war as a fascinating place that induces nostalgia. His memoir emphasizes that the Korean peninsula and the Korean people cannot be the others by recording the interviews of Koreans who remained in Seoul and Pyongyang after the restoration of Seoul on September 28 and the reclamation of Pyongyang soon after. If Higgins had served as a war correspondent with a sense of duty and responsibility as part of the US Army, the French correspondent highlighted the snobbishness and victim side of war correspondents by objectifying the war. These two memoirs show the process of re-member-ing by community ideology or logic as a collective memory, but the two are differentiated in that the former was aimed at consolidating the ideology of anti-communism, whereas the latter would show the ethical value of the war.
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