The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition about body shapes, the nutrient intakes, the assessment of diet quality and the energy expenditure per day according to exercise practices among the middle school students. A total of 252 middle school male and female students of H, O, I m...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition about body shapes, the nutrient intakes, the assessment of diet quality and the energy expenditure per day according to exercise practices among the middle school students. A total of 252 middle school male and female students of H, O, I middle school living in Gumi were participated for this study and the 24-hour recall method was used to investigate a diet. This study investigated the nutrient intakes by means of the 24-hour recall method and made up questionnaires about the total energy expenditure per day. The CAN-PRO 2.0 program was used to calculate the nutrient intakes and research data was analysed by means of SPSS pacage program(10.0). The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Male students in overweight and obesity were 2.8%, female students 2.4%. Most of them had wrong thoughts that they were obese though they were normal weight and underweight. So it is necessary for students to have right recognition. 2. There was no difference in the nutrient intake by the exercise practice level between male and female students. The ratio of calorie nutrients, carbohydrate, protein, and fat was similar to an ideal intake ratio. But calcium was much less than the suitable quantity. 3. Compared to the 7th revision Koreans' RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowance), the exercise practice group took 2506.15㎉ nearly similar to the recommended calorie allowance, 2500㎉ of the male students in 13-15 age. In the case of the female students, the exercise practice group represented 1993.99㎉ and no exercise practice group 2103.08㎉. As a result the exercise practice group took less than the recommended allowance, 2100㎉. The intake of the protein showed above basis both male and female students. This result is because of the increase in the take of meat foods. In the case of the male students, the amount of calcium represented 547.07㎎ in the exercise practice group and 467.86㎎ in no exercise practice group. This is much less than the recommended allowance, 900㎎. In the case of the female students, it represented 474.86㎎ in the exercise practice group and 539.57㎎ in no exercise practice group, this is less than the recommended allowance, 800㎎. In the case of the male students, the intake of the iron showed 16.93㎎ in the exercise practice group and 12.89㎎ in no exercise practice group. In the case of the female students, it showed 12.70㎎ in the exercise practice group and 14.56㎎ in no exercise practice. It represented less than the recommended allowance, 16㎎ both male and female students. To the male students, the exercise practice group was represented higher in energy, protein, phosphorus and iron than no exercise practice group, which shows a significant difference. The female students show a significant difference, representing no exercise practice group higher than the exercise practice group, except the ratio of carbohydrate and fat toward vitamin A and energy. Vitamin A, vitamin B_(1), niacin took above the recommended allowance both male and female students, but the intake of calcium was very low. The ratio of the calorie nutrients, carbohydrate, protein and fat was similar to the ideal intake ratio. In phosphorus, iron, protein and energy, there was a significant difference because the male students' no exercise practice was higher than exercise practice group. 4. Overweight and obese male students took little energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat. On the other hand, obese female students took more than underweight students. 5. In case of male students, NAR of all nutrient elements except niacin and calcium was over 0.75. Exercise practice male students represented a significant difference in energy, calcium and iron. In case of female students, most of the nutrient elements except calcium was over 0.75 and NAR between two groups represented higher in no exercise practice female students, except vitamin A and E. This represented a significant difference between two groups. 6. In staple foods, the subjects not taking milk were 39.3% in male students and 41.5% in female students. And 81.1% in male students and 71.1% in female students did not take fruits. 7. There was no significant difference by the exercise practice because the average DDS of male students was 3.76 and female students' one was 3.83. DVS was the average 41.95 in male students and the average 43.22 in female students. In DVS, no exercise girl students were higher than exercise practice, so there was a significant difference. 8. The average DQI of the participants was 1.77 in male students and 2.14 in female students. This result represented that a meal guide for Korean people was not followed well. No practice female students were higher than exercise practice female students, it showed that there was a difference between two groups. 9. The result of analyzing the energy intake and the total energy expenditure per day showed that male students' energy intake represented the average 2506.15㎉and the energy expenditure 2753.96㎉ in the exercise practice group. In no practice group, the energy intake was 2331.99㎉ and the energy expenditure per day was 2161.99㎉. The energy expenditure per day was more than the energy intake in the exercise practice of male students and the result of no practice group was reversed. In the case of female students, the energy intake was average 1993.99㎉and the total energy expenditure per day was 2029.70 ㎉ in the exercise group. The energy intake was 2103.08㎉ and the total energy expenditure per day was 1892.59㎉in no exercise practice. In female students exercising, the energy intake represented less than the total energy expenditure per day and the result of no practice group was reversed. In the total energy expenditure per day by the existence of exercise practice, the male students practicing exercise represented higher than no practice group in PA(Physical Activity), TDEE(Total Daily Energy Expenditure) and EEPBW(Energy Expenditure Per Body Weight), so there is a significant difference. The female students practicing exercise represented higher no practice group in EEPBW, so there is a significant difference. Food and nutrient intakes according to exercise levels showed differently in male and female students. In the case of male students, the more they get exercise, the more they took more animal food including flesh and meat. In the case of female students, the group getting exercise took calorie and protein less than no exercise group. But the intakes of calcium in both male and female students represented less, it can be a primary factor to hinder adolescents' growth. In the assessment of diet quality, the exercise practice and no practice groups in male and female students didn't took sufficiently milk group, consequently calcium deficiency appeared, and no exercise in male and female students represented the total energy expenditure per day less than the enery intakes. By the result of this study, this suggests the necessity of nutrient education about the practice of the balanced meal in order to promote Koreans' health.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition about body shapes, the nutrient intakes, the assessment of diet quality and the energy expenditure per day according to exercise practices among the middle school students. A total of 252 middle school male and female students of H, O, I middle school living in Gumi were participated for this study and the 24-hour recall method was used to investigate a diet. This study investigated the nutrient intakes by means of the 24-hour recall method and made up questionnaires about the total energy expenditure per day. The CAN-PRO 2.0 program was used to calculate the nutrient intakes and research data was analysed by means of SPSS pacage program(10.0). The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Male students in overweight and obesity were 2.8%, female students 2.4%. Most of them had wrong thoughts that they were obese though they were normal weight and underweight. So it is necessary for students to have right recognition. 2. There was no difference in the nutrient intake by the exercise practice level between male and female students. The ratio of calorie nutrients, carbohydrate, protein, and fat was similar to an ideal intake ratio. But calcium was much less than the suitable quantity. 3. Compared to the 7th revision Koreans' RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowance), the exercise practice group took 2506.15㎉ nearly similar to the recommended calorie allowance, 2500㎉ of the male students in 13-15 age. In the case of the female students, the exercise practice group represented 1993.99㎉ and no exercise practice group 2103.08㎉. As a result the exercise practice group took less than the recommended allowance, 2100㎉. The intake of the protein showed above basis both male and female students. This result is because of the increase in the take of meat foods. In the case of the male students, the amount of calcium represented 547.07㎎ in the exercise practice group and 467.86㎎ in no exercise practice group. This is much less than the recommended allowance, 900㎎. In the case of the female students, it represented 474.86㎎ in the exercise practice group and 539.57㎎ in no exercise practice group, this is less than the recommended allowance, 800㎎. In the case of the male students, the intake of the iron showed 16.93㎎ in the exercise practice group and 12.89㎎ in no exercise practice group. In the case of the female students, it showed 12.70㎎ in the exercise practice group and 14.56㎎ in no exercise practice. It represented less than the recommended allowance, 16㎎ both male and female students. To the male students, the exercise practice group was represented higher in energy, protein, phosphorus and iron than no exercise practice group, which shows a significant difference. The female students show a significant difference, representing no exercise practice group higher than the exercise practice group, except the ratio of carbohydrate and fat toward vitamin A and energy. Vitamin A, vitamin B_(1), niacin took above the recommended allowance both male and female students, but the intake of calcium was very low. The ratio of the calorie nutrients, carbohydrate, protein and fat was similar to the ideal intake ratio. In phosphorus, iron, protein and energy, there was a significant difference because the male students' no exercise practice was higher than exercise practice group. 4. Overweight and obese male students took little energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat. On the other hand, obese female students took more than underweight students. 5. In case of male students, NAR of all nutrient elements except niacin and calcium was over 0.75. Exercise practice male students represented a significant difference in energy, calcium and iron. In case of female students, most of the nutrient elements except calcium was over 0.75 and NAR between two groups represented higher in no exercise practice female students, except vitamin A and E. This represented a significant difference between two groups. 6. In staple foods, the subjects not taking milk were 39.3% in male students and 41.5% in female students. And 81.1% in male students and 71.1% in female students did not take fruits. 7. There was no significant difference by the exercise practice because the average DDS of male students was 3.76 and female students' one was 3.83. DVS was the average 41.95 in male students and the average 43.22 in female students. In DVS, no exercise girl students were higher than exercise practice, so there was a significant difference. 8. The average DQI of the participants was 1.77 in male students and 2.14 in female students. This result represented that a meal guide for Korean people was not followed well. No practice female students were higher than exercise practice female students, it showed that there was a difference between two groups. 9. The result of analyzing the energy intake and the total energy expenditure per day showed that male students' energy intake represented the average 2506.15㎉and the energy expenditure 2753.96㎉ in the exercise practice group. In no practice group, the energy intake was 2331.99㎉ and the energy expenditure per day was 2161.99㎉. The energy expenditure per day was more than the energy intake in the exercise practice of male students and the result of no practice group was reversed. In the case of female students, the energy intake was average 1993.99㎉and the total energy expenditure per day was 2029.70 ㎉ in the exercise group. The energy intake was 2103.08㎉ and the total energy expenditure per day was 1892.59㎉in no exercise practice. In female students exercising, the energy intake represented less than the total energy expenditure per day and the result of no practice group was reversed. In the total energy expenditure per day by the existence of exercise practice, the male students practicing exercise represented higher than no practice group in PA(Physical Activity), TDEE(Total Daily Energy Expenditure) and EEPBW(Energy Expenditure Per Body Weight), so there is a significant difference. The female students practicing exercise represented higher no practice group in EEPBW, so there is a significant difference. Food and nutrient intakes according to exercise levels showed differently in male and female students. In the case of male students, the more they get exercise, the more they took more animal food including flesh and meat. In the case of female students, the group getting exercise took calorie and protein less than no exercise group. But the intakes of calcium in both male and female students represented less, it can be a primary factor to hinder adolescents' growth. In the assessment of diet quality, the exercise practice and no practice groups in male and female students didn't took sufficiently milk group, consequently calcium deficiency appeared, and no exercise in male and female students represented the total energy expenditure per day less than the enery intakes. By the result of this study, this suggests the necessity of nutrient education about the practice of the balanced meal in order to promote Koreans' health.
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