Seaweeds have been recognized as healthy food, having anti-obesity, anti-constipation and anticoagulation activity, and the use of seaweeds in food, medicine, and cosmetic industry are significantly increased recently. In this study, the methanol extracts were prepared from 35 different seaweeds (17...
Seaweeds have been recognized as healthy food, having anti-obesity, anti-constipation and anticoagulation activity, and the use of seaweeds in food, medicine, and cosmetic industry are significantly increased recently. In this study, the methanol extracts were prepared from 35 different seaweeds (17 phaeophyta, 11 rhodophyta and 7 chlorophyta) for the development of functional food ingredients from seaweeds as safe and edible natural resources. The total flavonoids and total polyphenol contents of seaweeds were analyzed and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabates and anticoagulation activities were determined. The average extraction ratios for 35 different seaweeds were 5.92% and Zostera marina, Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Sctchell, Sargassum confusum and Ecklonia cava showed the higher extraction ratios over 8%. Analysis of total flavonoid and total polyphenol showed that their contents of Phaeophyta showed higher than Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta. Whereas the content of total sugar in Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta was higher than that of total sugar.
The in-vitro antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activities of the methanol extracts prepared from 35 different seaweeds (17 phaeophyta, 11 Rhodophyta and 7 Chlorophyta) were determined. Ecklonia cava, Ecklonia stolonifera, Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Sctchell, Ishige foliacea, I, okamurai, Sargassum confusum, S. fulvellum, S. yamade and Zostera marina showed 60% more DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity at 500 μg/mL concentration of the methanol extracts. The exceptions were found in I. okamurai and Z. marina, which showed 45% and 53% ABTS scavenging activity, respectively. The correlation coefficient between DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities was 0.855, suggesting that the 9 different seaweeds extracts could scavenge anion and cation radicals concurrently. In reducing power, only E. cava, E. stolonifera and E. bicyclis showed above 0.88 (Abs700). In a while, in nitrite scavenging activity at 100 μg/mL concentration of the methanol extracts, 19 different seaweeds extracts including I. foliacea, I. okamurai, S. confusum, S. fulvellum and S. yamade showed 60% more activity. Calculation of IC50s of DPPH. ABTS and nitrite scavenging activities of 9 different seaweeds extracts further showed that I. foliacea and S. yamade, besides E. cava, E. stolonifera and E. bicyclis, have strong antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activity.
In antimicrobial activity assay, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta had a broad-range antimicrobial activity. Especially, I. foliacea and I. okamurai showed strong antimicrobial and antifungal activity. The inhibitory activities of seaweeds against microbial α-amylase, β-amylase and α-glucosidase were low inhibition activities below 30%.
In anticoagulaton experiments, E. cava, E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis, I. foliacea and I. okamurai, S. conufsum and S. yamade showed strong thrombin inhibition activity among the 35 different seaweeds. In PT experiments, the inhibitions of prothrombin were identified in the above described seaweeds in TT experiment, except S. yamade. In aPTT experiments, the seaweeds having inhibition of blood coagulation factors were E. cava, E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis, I. foliacea and I. okamurai, S. conufsum and Hixikia fusiforme Okamura. In-vitro platelet aggregation inhibitory activities, E. cava, E. stolonifera, I. okamurai and Porphyra yezoensis Ueda showed high activity over 50%. Further anticoagulation assay with the selected 8 seaweeds suggested that S. confusum is most effective in antithrombosis, and E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell, and I. foliacea have high potential as antithrombosis agents. By components-activity correlation analysis, flavonoids are considered as active anticoagulation components of seaweeds.
Ecklonia cava was the finally selected based on different strong bioactivites, and the methanol extract and its organic solvent fractions were prepared. Analysis of total flavonoid and total polyphenol showed that the ethylacetate fraction contained the highest contents. Evaluation of TT and PT showed that the ethylacetate and butanol fractions have strong thrombin and prothrombin inhibition activity. In aPTT experiments, the ethylacetate fraction showed strong blood coagulation inhibition factors and in in-vitro platelet aggregation inhibitory activities, ethylacetate fraction showed 3.5 times higher than the capacity of aspirin showed aggregation inhibition at the same concentration. Functional pills as an oriental ready-to-eat food were manufactured with Ecklonia cava. Due to the physical characteristics of Ecklonia cava, the pills of inclusion over 30% have problem of rheology. Therefore it is reasonable that the use of extract, rather than powder, of Ecklonia cava for production of ready-to-eat food.
In this study, the results suggest that seaweeds can be developed as a functional food having antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticoagulation activities, and Ecklonia cava have potential as a functional food source of anticoagulant.
Seaweeds have been recognized as healthy food, having anti-obesity, anti-constipation and anticoagulation activity, and the use of seaweeds in food, medicine, and cosmetic industry are significantly increased recently. In this study, the methanol extracts were prepared from 35 different seaweeds (17 phaeophyta, 11 rhodophyta and 7 chlorophyta) for the development of functional food ingredients from seaweeds as safe and edible natural resources. The total flavonoids and total polyphenol contents of seaweeds were analyzed and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabates and anticoagulation activities were determined. The average extraction ratios for 35 different seaweeds were 5.92% and Zostera marina, Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Sctchell, Sargassum confusum and Ecklonia cava showed the higher extraction ratios over 8%. Analysis of total flavonoid and total polyphenol showed that their contents of Phaeophyta showed higher than Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta. Whereas the content of total sugar in Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta was higher than that of total sugar.
The in-vitro antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activities of the methanol extracts prepared from 35 different seaweeds (17 phaeophyta, 11 Rhodophyta and 7 Chlorophyta) were determined. Ecklonia cava, Ecklonia stolonifera, Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Sctchell, Ishige foliacea, I, okamurai, Sargassum confusum, S. fulvellum, S. yamade and Zostera marina showed 60% more DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity at 500 μg/mL concentration of the methanol extracts. The exceptions were found in I. okamurai and Z. marina, which showed 45% and 53% ABTS scavenging activity, respectively. The correlation coefficient between DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities was 0.855, suggesting that the 9 different seaweeds extracts could scavenge anion and cation radicals concurrently. In reducing power, only E. cava, E. stolonifera and E. bicyclis showed above 0.88 (Abs700). In a while, in nitrite scavenging activity at 100 μg/mL concentration of the methanol extracts, 19 different seaweeds extracts including I. foliacea, I. okamurai, S. confusum, S. fulvellum and S. yamade showed 60% more activity. Calculation of IC50s of DPPH. ABTS and nitrite scavenging activities of 9 different seaweeds extracts further showed that I. foliacea and S. yamade, besides E. cava, E. stolonifera and E. bicyclis, have strong antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activity.
In antimicrobial activity assay, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta had a broad-range antimicrobial activity. Especially, I. foliacea and I. okamurai showed strong antimicrobial and antifungal activity. The inhibitory activities of seaweeds against microbial α-amylase, β-amylase and α-glucosidase were low inhibition activities below 30%.
In anticoagulaton experiments, E. cava, E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis, I. foliacea and I. okamurai, S. conufsum and S. yamade showed strong thrombin inhibition activity among the 35 different seaweeds. In PT experiments, the inhibitions of prothrombin were identified in the above described seaweeds in TT experiment, except S. yamade. In aPTT experiments, the seaweeds having inhibition of blood coagulation factors were E. cava, E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis, I. foliacea and I. okamurai, S. conufsum and Hixikia fusiforme Okamura. In-vitro platelet aggregation inhibitory activities, E. cava, E. stolonifera, I. okamurai and Porphyra yezoensis Ueda showed high activity over 50%. Further anticoagulation assay with the selected 8 seaweeds suggested that S. confusum is most effective in antithrombosis, and E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell, and I. foliacea have high potential as antithrombosis agents. By components-activity correlation analysis, flavonoids are considered as active anticoagulation components of seaweeds.
Ecklonia cava was the finally selected based on different strong bioactivites, and the methanol extract and its organic solvent fractions were prepared. Analysis of total flavonoid and total polyphenol showed that the ethylacetate fraction contained the highest contents. Evaluation of TT and PT showed that the ethylacetate and butanol fractions have strong thrombin and prothrombin inhibition activity. In aPTT experiments, the ethylacetate fraction showed strong blood coagulation inhibition factors and in in-vitro platelet aggregation inhibitory activities, ethylacetate fraction showed 3.5 times higher than the capacity of aspirin showed aggregation inhibition at the same concentration. Functional pills as an oriental ready-to-eat food were manufactured with Ecklonia cava. Due to the physical characteristics of Ecklonia cava, the pills of inclusion over 30% have problem of rheology. Therefore it is reasonable that the use of extract, rather than powder, of Ecklonia cava for production of ready-to-eat food.
In this study, the results suggest that seaweeds can be developed as a functional food having antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticoagulation activities, and Ecklonia cava have potential as a functional food source of anticoagulant.
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