공동주택 거주비율이 늘어남에 따라 바닥충격음에 대한 국민적인 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 바닥충격음 성능향상을 위해 세부규정을 명시한 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준이 시행되고 있으나 기존주택을 비롯한 공동주택에서의 바닥충격음, 특히 중량충격음에 대한 분쟁은 지속적으로 증대하고 있다. 중량충격음 저감을 위한 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 대다수의 연구가 표준시험실 위주로 수행되었고 현장에서 체계적인 시험이 어려운 관계로 현장데이터가 많이 축적되지 않아 현장에서의 중량충격음 저감설계에 제대로 반영되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 벽식 및 무량판구조로 시공된 다양한 바닥슬래브 두께와 바닥구성층으로 구성된 공동주택을 대상으로 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준 시행 이후 실제 입주하여 생활하는 공동주택의 중량충격음 실태를 분석하였다. 현장실태 분석에서 명확히 드러나지 않은 바닥구성층 요소로서 완충재, ...
공동주택 거주비율이 늘어남에 따라 바닥충격음에 대한 국민적인 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 바닥충격음 성능향상을 위해 세부규정을 명시한 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준이 시행되고 있으나 기존주택을 비롯한 공동주택에서의 바닥충격음, 특히 중량충격음에 대한 분쟁은 지속적으로 증대하고 있다. 중량충격음 저감을 위한 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 대다수의 연구가 표준시험실 위주로 수행되었고 현장에서 체계적인 시험이 어려운 관계로 현장데이터가 많이 축적되지 않아 현장에서의 중량충격음 저감설계에 제대로 반영되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 벽식 및 무량판구조로 시공된 다양한 바닥슬래브 두께와 바닥구성층으로 구성된 공동주택을 대상으로 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준 시행 이후 실제 입주하여 생활하는 공동주택의 중량충격음 실태를 분석하였다. 현장실태 분석에서 명확히 드러나지 않은 바닥구성층 요소로서 완충재, 기포콘크리트, 뜬바닥구조, 바닥슬래브 강도 등이 중량충격음 차단성능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 다양한 조건으로 현장목업을 구성하여 중량충격음의 특성을 심층적으로 고찰하고자 하였다. 이와 함께 아이들 뛰노는 소리 등의 실제 충격원을 재현하고자 하는 목적으로 2012년 신규로 KS기준 및 고시에 추가된 임팩트볼(Impact Ball)과 기존 표준충격원인 뱅머신(Bang Machine)을 함께 사용하여 다양한 바닥구조에서의 중량충격음 차단성능 특성을 심층적으로 비교하였다. 아울러, 구조형식별로 가진점 변화에 따른 수음실에서의 음압레벨 분포를 비교, 분석하였다. 이상의 연구를 통하여 중량충격음 저감설계에 도움이 되는 자료제공과 현장성능 확인으로 합리적인 법제도 운영방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준 시행 이후에 입주한 공동주택 79세대를 대상으로 중량충격음 실태측정 결과, 중량충격음 차단성능은 40~54dB로 분포가 매우 크게 나타나고 있다. 바닥슬래브 두께 증가에 따라 중량충격음레벨은 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 특히, 125Hz 대역의 중량충격음레벨은 급격히 낮아졌고 상대적으로 63Hz 대역의 단일수치평가량 기여량은 높아지는 것으로 파악되었다. 2) 완충재를 포함한 바닥구성층 및 설계조건이 동일한 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm 1개 현장 8세대와 바닥구성층 및 설계조건이 다른 바닥슬래브 180mm 14개 현장 31세대를 대상으로 중량충격음 실태측정 결과, 단일수치평가량 표준편차는 1.3dB로 같게 나타났다. 그러나, 125Hz 대역의 표준편차가 동일현장에서는 비교적 크지 않은 반면, 현장 별로 비교할 경우에는 크게 나타났다. 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 210mm 현장에서도 동일한 결과를 보이고 있는데 복합요인 중 완충재에 의한 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 판단된다. 3) 바닥면적 크기에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능 영향을 검토한 결과, 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm에서는 거실면적 10.2~18.9 ㎡인 경우 단일수치평가량 평균값이 50.5dB로 거실면적 21.1~37.4 ㎡인 경우의 단일수치평가량 평균값 49.2dB와 차이가 비교적 작아 바닥면적에 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 무량판구조 바닥슬래브 250mm에서는 거실면적에 따라 단일수치평가량 평균값이 각각 46.6dB와 44.5dB로 바닥면적에 따른 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 바닥면적에 따른 유의성을 심층적으로 검토할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 4) 완충재 동탄성계수가 3.5~16.0MN/㎥인 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 210mm 29세대를 대상으로 동탄성계수에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능을 비교하였다. 동탄성계수 10MN/㎥이하의 완충재는 45~47dB의 분포로 평균값은 45.4dB, 동탄성계수 10MN/㎥이상의 완충재는 46~48dB의 분포로 평균값은 47.0dB로 나타나고 있다. 이에 따라 완충재 동탄성계수가 낮을수록 중량충격음 차단성능이 우수함을 확인하였다. 또한, 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180, 210mm의 기포종류에 따른 비교시험 결과, 경량기포 콘크리트에 비해 혼합기포 콘크리트 적용 시 단일수치평가량이 1~2dB 낮게 나타나 중량충격음 차단성능이 보다 우수한 경향을 확인하였다. 5) 뜬바닥구조(완충재를 포함한 바닥구성층) 시공유무에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능을 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm 및 210mm 총 29세대 대상으로 평가하였다. 바닥슬래브 180mm에서 단일수치평가량은 맨슬래브 상태 51.5dB에서 입주직전 상태 50.5dB로 1dB, 바닥슬래브 210mm 단일수치평가량은 맨슬래브 상태 49.6dB에서 입주직전 상태 46.6dB로 3dB 저감되어 뜬바닥구조에 의한 중량충격음 차단성능 영향이 있는 것으로 확인하였다. 또한, 동일건물 내 바닥슬래브 강도가 21MPa~30MPa로 구성된 현장에서 중량충격음 차단성능은 52.7dB~54.3dB의 분포로 나타나고 있으며 바닥슬래브강도 증가에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능 영향은 미미한 것으로 판단되었다. 6) 표준 중량충격원인 뱅머신과 임팩트볼에 의한 바닥슬래브 두께별 중량충격음 차단성능을 비교한 결과, 단일수치평가량은 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm에서 3.1dB, 210mm에서 4.5dB, 무량판구조 바닥슬래브 250mm이상에서는 4.6dB로 최대 11dB까지 차이 상관성이 거의 없는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 성능 평가 시 중량충격원 간의 단일수치평가량 보정방법에 대해서는 바닥슬래브 두께, 구조형식 등 성능결정에 미치는 주요요소별로 상관성을 심층적으로 검토하여 적정한 보정치를 모색하는 안이 필요하다. 7) 벽식구조 공동주택과 라멘구조 상가를 대상으로 가진점을 16~17개 지점으로 선정하여 중량충격음 레벨을 평가한 결과 벽식구조에서는 뱅머신 사용 시 중앙부에서 단부로 갈수록 최대 최소값의 차이가 임팩트볼 사용 시에 비해 크게 나타났다. 반면, 라멘구조에서는 뱅머신과 임팩트볼 사용에 따른 최대 최소값의 차이가 크지 않은 경향을 보였다. 향후, 표준시험실 조건이 아닌 공동주택 현장에서의 많은 데이터를 바탕으로 실제 현장에서의 중량충격음레벨 특성분석과 저감방안에 대한 지속적인 연구노력이 필요하다고 사료된다.
공동주택 거주비율이 늘어남에 따라 바닥충격음에 대한 국민적인 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 바닥충격음 성능향상을 위해 세부규정을 명시한 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준이 시행되고 있으나 기존주택을 비롯한 공동주택에서의 바닥충격음, 특히 중량충격음에 대한 분쟁은 지속적으로 증대하고 있다. 중량충격음 저감을 위한 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 대다수의 연구가 표준시험실 위주로 수행되었고 현장에서 체계적인 시험이 어려운 관계로 현장데이터가 많이 축적되지 않아 현장에서의 중량충격음 저감설계에 제대로 반영되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 벽식 및 무량판구조로 시공된 다양한 바닥슬래브 두께와 바닥구성층으로 구성된 공동주택을 대상으로 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준 시행 이후 실제 입주하여 생활하는 공동주택의 중량충격음 실태를 분석하였다. 현장실태 분석에서 명확히 드러나지 않은 바닥구성층 요소로서 완충재, 기포콘크리트, 뜬바닥구조, 바닥슬래브 강도 등이 중량충격음 차단성능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 다양한 조건으로 현장목업을 구성하여 중량충격음의 특성을 심층적으로 고찰하고자 하였다. 이와 함께 아이들 뛰노는 소리 등의 실제 충격원을 재현하고자 하는 목적으로 2012년 신규로 KS기준 및 고시에 추가된 임팩트볼(Impact Ball)과 기존 표준충격원인 뱅머신(Bang Machine)을 함께 사용하여 다양한 바닥구조에서의 중량충격음 차단성능 특성을 심층적으로 비교하였다. 아울러, 구조형식별로 가진점 변화에 따른 수음실에서의 음압레벨 분포를 비교, 분석하였다. 이상의 연구를 통하여 중량충격음 저감설계에 도움이 되는 자료제공과 현장성능 확인으로 합리적인 법제도 운영방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 공동주택 바닥충격음 차단구조 인정 및 관리기준 시행 이후에 입주한 공동주택 79세대를 대상으로 중량충격음 실태측정 결과, 중량충격음 차단성능은 40~54dB로 분포가 매우 크게 나타나고 있다. 바닥슬래브 두께 증가에 따라 중량충격음레벨은 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 특히, 125Hz 대역의 중량충격음레벨은 급격히 낮아졌고 상대적으로 63Hz 대역의 단일수치평가량 기여량은 높아지는 것으로 파악되었다. 2) 완충재를 포함한 바닥구성층 및 설계조건이 동일한 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm 1개 현장 8세대와 바닥구성층 및 설계조건이 다른 바닥슬래브 180mm 14개 현장 31세대를 대상으로 중량충격음 실태측정 결과, 단일수치평가량 표준편차는 1.3dB로 같게 나타났다. 그러나, 125Hz 대역의 표준편차가 동일현장에서는 비교적 크지 않은 반면, 현장 별로 비교할 경우에는 크게 나타났다. 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 210mm 현장에서도 동일한 결과를 보이고 있는데 복합요인 중 완충재에 의한 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 판단된다. 3) 바닥면적 크기에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능 영향을 검토한 결과, 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm에서는 거실면적 10.2~18.9 ㎡인 경우 단일수치평가량 평균값이 50.5dB로 거실면적 21.1~37.4 ㎡인 경우의 단일수치평가량 평균값 49.2dB와 차이가 비교적 작아 바닥면적에 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 무량판구조 바닥슬래브 250mm에서는 거실면적에 따라 단일수치평가량 평균값이 각각 46.6dB와 44.5dB로 바닥면적에 따른 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 바닥면적에 따른 유의성을 심층적으로 검토할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 4) 완충재 동탄성계수가 3.5~16.0MN/㎥인 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 210mm 29세대를 대상으로 동탄성계수에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능을 비교하였다. 동탄성계수 10MN/㎥이하의 완충재는 45~47dB의 분포로 평균값은 45.4dB, 동탄성계수 10MN/㎥이상의 완충재는 46~48dB의 분포로 평균값은 47.0dB로 나타나고 있다. 이에 따라 완충재 동탄성계수가 낮을수록 중량충격음 차단성능이 우수함을 확인하였다. 또한, 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180, 210mm의 기포종류에 따른 비교시험 결과, 경량기포 콘크리트에 비해 혼합기포 콘크리트 적용 시 단일수치평가량이 1~2dB 낮게 나타나 중량충격음 차단성능이 보다 우수한 경향을 확인하였다. 5) 뜬바닥구조(완충재를 포함한 바닥구성층) 시공유무에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능을 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm 및 210mm 총 29세대 대상으로 평가하였다. 바닥슬래브 180mm에서 단일수치평가량은 맨슬래브 상태 51.5dB에서 입주직전 상태 50.5dB로 1dB, 바닥슬래브 210mm 단일수치평가량은 맨슬래브 상태 49.6dB에서 입주직전 상태 46.6dB로 3dB 저감되어 뜬바닥구조에 의한 중량충격음 차단성능 영향이 있는 것으로 확인하였다. 또한, 동일건물 내 바닥슬래브 강도가 21MPa~30MPa로 구성된 현장에서 중량충격음 차단성능은 52.7dB~54.3dB의 분포로 나타나고 있으며 바닥슬래브강도 증가에 따른 중량충격음 차단성능 영향은 미미한 것으로 판단되었다. 6) 표준 중량충격원인 뱅머신과 임팩트볼에 의한 바닥슬래브 두께별 중량충격음 차단성능을 비교한 결과, 단일수치평가량은 벽식구조 바닥슬래브 180mm에서 3.1dB, 210mm에서 4.5dB, 무량판구조 바닥슬래브 250mm이상에서는 4.6dB로 최대 11dB까지 차이 상관성이 거의 없는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 성능 평가 시 중량충격원 간의 단일수치평가량 보정방법에 대해서는 바닥슬래브 두께, 구조형식 등 성능결정에 미치는 주요요소별로 상관성을 심층적으로 검토하여 적정한 보정치를 모색하는 안이 필요하다. 7) 벽식구조 공동주택과 라멘구조 상가를 대상으로 가진점을 16~17개 지점으로 선정하여 중량충격음 레벨을 평가한 결과 벽식구조에서는 뱅머신 사용 시 중앙부에서 단부로 갈수록 최대 최소값의 차이가 임팩트볼 사용 시에 비해 크게 나타났다. 반면, 라멘구조에서는 뱅머신과 임팩트볼 사용에 따른 최대 최소값의 차이가 크지 않은 경향을 보였다. 향후, 표준시험실 조건이 아닌 공동주택 현장에서의 많은 데이터를 바탕으로 실제 현장에서의 중량충격음레벨 특성분석과 저감방안에 대한 지속적인 연구노력이 필요하다고 사료된다.
As the rate of living at multi-family housings increases, the interest on a floor impact sound increases nationally. Accordingly, Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing, which stipulates the detailed regulations for the improvement of a floor ...
As the rate of living at multi-family housings increases, the interest on a floor impact sound increases nationally. Accordingly, Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing, which stipulates the detailed regulations for the improvement of a floor impact sound insulation, has been enforced. However, the disputes on the floor impact sound in multi-family housing including existing housings, in particular, the heavy weight impact sound, are gradually increased. Many studies for reducing the heavy weight impact sounds have been conducted. However, majority of the studies were carried out in standard laboratory and systematic experiments are difficult to conduct in the field, and thus, field data have not been accumulated as much, whereby such studies were not properly applied in a field. In this study, with respect to multi-family housing constituting of a variety of slab thicknesses and floor layers in a shear wall or flat plate structure, real conditions of heavy weight impact sounds of multi-family housing, in which residents were actually staying, were analysed after the enforcement of Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing. This study was made to contemplate the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sound in depth by configuring a field mock-up under a variety of conditions, with regard to the impact of resilient material, foamed concrete, floating floor structure, floor slab strength, etc. as elements of floor layers, which are not explicitly revealed in the analysis of actual conditions in a field, on the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance. In addition thereto, the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sounds in a variety of floor structures were compared in depth by means of an impact ball added in 2012 to the Korean Standard(KS) and the notification, along with a bang machine as an existing standard impact source, for the purpose of reproducing a real impact source, such as a noises of playing kids, etc. Moreover, distributions of sound pressure levels in a sound receiving room were compared and analyzed according to measuring point changes in each structure. Through this study, it was intended to present a reasonable management plan for a legal system by providing materials helpful in a design of reducing a heavy weight impact sound and verifying the capability thereof in a field. The primary results derived from this study can be summarized as follows: 1) Upon the measurement of the actual condition of a heavy weight impact sound on 79 households which were moved into after the enforcement of Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing, the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance has a wide distribution in the range of 40 to 54 dB. As the thickness of a floor slab increased, it showed a trend in which the level of the heavy weight impact sound becomes lower. Moreover, it was verified that the level of the heavy weight impact sound was rapidly lowered in a band of 125 Hz, while the contribution of a single number quantity in a band of 63 Hz increased relative thereto. 2) Upon the measurement of the actual condition of a heavy weight impact sound on 8 households having floor layers including resilient materials and the identical slabs of 180 mm in a shear wall structure in a single construction site, and 31 households having floor layers and floor slabs of 180 mm in different design conditions in 14 construction sites, the standard deviations of both showed 1.3 dB. However, the standard deviation in a band of 125 Hz was relatively less in a single construction site, whereas it showed high when compared site by site. Floor slabs of 210 mm in a shear wall structure in the sites showed the same results, and it is determined that the effect of the resilient material would be the major factor among the composite factors. 3) Upon the review of the effect of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance according to a size of a floor surface area, with respect to a floor slab of 180 mm in a shear wall structure, an average value of single number quantities was 50.5 dB in a floor surface area of 10.2 to 18.9 ㎡, while an average value of single number quantities was 49.2 dB in a floor surface area of 21.1 to 37.4 ㎡, whereby there was no meaningful result in the floor surface areas. On the other hand, in a floor slab of 250 mm in a flat plate structure, the average values of single number quantities were 46.6 dB and 44.5 dB, respectively, whereby there was an effect according to the floor surface areas. Accordingly, it is deemed necessary to review the significance in accordance with the floor surface areas. 4) The heavy weight impact sound insulation performances were compared according to a dynamic elastic modulus with respect to 29 households having a floor slab of 210 mm in a shear wall structure of which dynamic elastic modulus of a resilient material is 3.5to 16.0MN/㎥. The heavy weight impact sound insulation performance had a distribution in a range of 45 to 47 dB and an average value of 45.4 dB in a resilient material having a dynamic elastic modulus below 10MN/㎥, while the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance had a distribution in a range of 46 to 48 dB and an average value of 47.0 dB in a resilient material having a dynamic elastic modulus above 10MN/㎥. Accordingly, it was verified that the lower a dynamic elastic modulus of a resilient material, the better the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance. In addition, upon the comparison test dependent on the type of foamed concrete in floor slabs of 180 mm and 210 mm in a shear wall structure, a single number quantity when applying a glass foam aggregate concrete was less by 1 to 2 dB, compared to when applying a light-weight foamed concrete, whereby it was verified that the heavy weight sound insulation is more excellent when applying a glass foam aggregate concrete. 5) The heavy weight impact sound insulation performances were evaluated with respect to floor slabs of 180 mm and 210 mm in a shear wall structure in accordance with whether a floating floor structure (floor layers including resilient materials) was constructed or not. The single number quantity of a floor slab of 180 mm was reduced by 1 dB from 51.5 dB in a bare slab state to 50.5 dB in a state just before moving thereinto, while the single number quantity of a floor slab of 210 mm was reduced by 3 dB from 49.6 dB in a bare slab state to 46.6 dB in a state just before moving thereinto, whereby it was verified that there was an effect of a heavy weight impact sound insulation performance by a floating slab structure. In addition, in a field where the strengths of floor slabs in a same building ranges 21 MPa to 30 MPa, the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances showed a distribution in a range of 52.7 dB to 54.3 dB, whereby it was determined that the effect of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances was insignificant according to the increase of the strength of the floor slab. 6) Upon comparing the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances of floor slabs having different thicknesses by an impact ball and a bang machine as standard impact sources, the single number quantities were 3.1 dB and 4.5 dB in floor slabs of 180 mm and 210 mm in a shear wall structure, respectively, while the single number quantities were 4.6 dB up to 11 dB in floor slabs of 250 mm or more in a flat plate structure, whereby there was no interrelationship in the differences. Accordingly, when evaluating the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance, it is require to seek for proper correction values by deeply reviewing the correlation of the major factors which impact on the determination of impact sound insulation performance, such as thickness of the floor slab, structure type, etc., in terms of the single number quantities between the heavy weight impact sources. 7) Upon the evaluation of the levels of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances by selecting 16 or 17 measuring points with respect to a multi-family housings in a flat plate structure and a commercial building in a rahmen structure in a shear wall structure, from a center area to an edge area, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value when using a bang machine showed greater value compared with that when using an impact ball. On the other hand, in a rahmen structure, it showed a trend in which the differences between the maximum values and the minimum values by means of a bang machine and an impact ball was slight. It is thought that continuous studies and efforts are required in the future with regard to solutions for analyzing the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sound level and reducing heavy weight impact sounds in a construction field on the basis of a variety of data from in actual construction sites of multi-family housings, instead of standard laboratory conditions. Keywords : Standard impact source, Single number quantity, Floor layer, Heavy weight impact sound insulation performance
As the rate of living at multi-family housings increases, the interest on a floor impact sound increases nationally. Accordingly, Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing, which stipulates the detailed regulations for the improvement of a floor impact sound insulation, has been enforced. However, the disputes on the floor impact sound in multi-family housing including existing housings, in particular, the heavy weight impact sound, are gradually increased. Many studies for reducing the heavy weight impact sounds have been conducted. However, majority of the studies were carried out in standard laboratory and systematic experiments are difficult to conduct in the field, and thus, field data have not been accumulated as much, whereby such studies were not properly applied in a field. In this study, with respect to multi-family housing constituting of a variety of slab thicknesses and floor layers in a shear wall or flat plate structure, real conditions of heavy weight impact sounds of multi-family housing, in which residents were actually staying, were analysed after the enforcement of Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing. This study was made to contemplate the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sound in depth by configuring a field mock-up under a variety of conditions, with regard to the impact of resilient material, foamed concrete, floating floor structure, floor slab strength, etc. as elements of floor layers, which are not explicitly revealed in the analysis of actual conditions in a field, on the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance. In addition thereto, the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sounds in a variety of floor structures were compared in depth by means of an impact ball added in 2012 to the Korean Standard(KS) and the notification, along with a bang machine as an existing standard impact source, for the purpose of reproducing a real impact source, such as a noises of playing kids, etc. Moreover, distributions of sound pressure levels in a sound receiving room were compared and analyzed according to measuring point changes in each structure. Through this study, it was intended to present a reasonable management plan for a legal system by providing materials helpful in a design of reducing a heavy weight impact sound and verifying the capability thereof in a field. The primary results derived from this study can be summarized as follows: 1) Upon the measurement of the actual condition of a heavy weight impact sound on 79 households which were moved into after the enforcement of Threshold and Management Standard of the Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Multi-family Housing, the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance has a wide distribution in the range of 40 to 54 dB. As the thickness of a floor slab increased, it showed a trend in which the level of the heavy weight impact sound becomes lower. Moreover, it was verified that the level of the heavy weight impact sound was rapidly lowered in a band of 125 Hz, while the contribution of a single number quantity in a band of 63 Hz increased relative thereto. 2) Upon the measurement of the actual condition of a heavy weight impact sound on 8 households having floor layers including resilient materials and the identical slabs of 180 mm in a shear wall structure in a single construction site, and 31 households having floor layers and floor slabs of 180 mm in different design conditions in 14 construction sites, the standard deviations of both showed 1.3 dB. However, the standard deviation in a band of 125 Hz was relatively less in a single construction site, whereas it showed high when compared site by site. Floor slabs of 210 mm in a shear wall structure in the sites showed the same results, and it is determined that the effect of the resilient material would be the major factor among the composite factors. 3) Upon the review of the effect of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance according to a size of a floor surface area, with respect to a floor slab of 180 mm in a shear wall structure, an average value of single number quantities was 50.5 dB in a floor surface area of 10.2 to 18.9 ㎡, while an average value of single number quantities was 49.2 dB in a floor surface area of 21.1 to 37.4 ㎡, whereby there was no meaningful result in the floor surface areas. On the other hand, in a floor slab of 250 mm in a flat plate structure, the average values of single number quantities were 46.6 dB and 44.5 dB, respectively, whereby there was an effect according to the floor surface areas. Accordingly, it is deemed necessary to review the significance in accordance with the floor surface areas. 4) The heavy weight impact sound insulation performances were compared according to a dynamic elastic modulus with respect to 29 households having a floor slab of 210 mm in a shear wall structure of which dynamic elastic modulus of a resilient material is 3.5to 16.0MN/㎥. The heavy weight impact sound insulation performance had a distribution in a range of 45 to 47 dB and an average value of 45.4 dB in a resilient material having a dynamic elastic modulus below 10MN/㎥, while the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance had a distribution in a range of 46 to 48 dB and an average value of 47.0 dB in a resilient material having a dynamic elastic modulus above 10MN/㎥. Accordingly, it was verified that the lower a dynamic elastic modulus of a resilient material, the better the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance. In addition, upon the comparison test dependent on the type of foamed concrete in floor slabs of 180 mm and 210 mm in a shear wall structure, a single number quantity when applying a glass foam aggregate concrete was less by 1 to 2 dB, compared to when applying a light-weight foamed concrete, whereby it was verified that the heavy weight sound insulation is more excellent when applying a glass foam aggregate concrete. 5) The heavy weight impact sound insulation performances were evaluated with respect to floor slabs of 180 mm and 210 mm in a shear wall structure in accordance with whether a floating floor structure (floor layers including resilient materials) was constructed or not. The single number quantity of a floor slab of 180 mm was reduced by 1 dB from 51.5 dB in a bare slab state to 50.5 dB in a state just before moving thereinto, while the single number quantity of a floor slab of 210 mm was reduced by 3 dB from 49.6 dB in a bare slab state to 46.6 dB in a state just before moving thereinto, whereby it was verified that there was an effect of a heavy weight impact sound insulation performance by a floating slab structure. In addition, in a field where the strengths of floor slabs in a same building ranges 21 MPa to 30 MPa, the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances showed a distribution in a range of 52.7 dB to 54.3 dB, whereby it was determined that the effect of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances was insignificant according to the increase of the strength of the floor slab. 6) Upon comparing the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances of floor slabs having different thicknesses by an impact ball and a bang machine as standard impact sources, the single number quantities were 3.1 dB and 4.5 dB in floor slabs of 180 mm and 210 mm in a shear wall structure, respectively, while the single number quantities were 4.6 dB up to 11 dB in floor slabs of 250 mm or more in a flat plate structure, whereby there was no interrelationship in the differences. Accordingly, when evaluating the heavy weight impact sound insulation performance, it is require to seek for proper correction values by deeply reviewing the correlation of the major factors which impact on the determination of impact sound insulation performance, such as thickness of the floor slab, structure type, etc., in terms of the single number quantities between the heavy weight impact sources. 7) Upon the evaluation of the levels of the heavy weight impact sound insulation performances by selecting 16 or 17 measuring points with respect to a multi-family housings in a flat plate structure and a commercial building in a rahmen structure in a shear wall structure, from a center area to an edge area, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value when using a bang machine showed greater value compared with that when using an impact ball. On the other hand, in a rahmen structure, it showed a trend in which the differences between the maximum values and the minimum values by means of a bang machine and an impact ball was slight. It is thought that continuous studies and efforts are required in the future with regard to solutions for analyzing the characteristics of the heavy weight impact sound level and reducing heavy weight impact sounds in a construction field on the basis of a variety of data from in actual construction sites of multi-family housings, instead of standard laboratory conditions. Keywords : Standard impact source, Single number quantity, Floor layer, Heavy weight impact sound insulation performance
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