Sarwar, M.
(Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture)
,
Mahmood, S.
(Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture)
,
Abbas, W.
(Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture)
,
Ali, C.S.
(Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture)
The rate and extent of digestion of dietary carbohydrates has a tremendous impact on ruminal fermentation and the productivity of the animals. The objective of the study was to determine the dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradabilities and rate and extent of feed byproducts (cot...
The rate and extent of digestion of dietary carbohydrates has a tremendous impact on ruminal fermentation and the productivity of the animals. The objective of the study was to determine the dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradabilities and rate and extent of feed byproducts (cotton seed cake, wheat bran), legumes [berseem (Egyptian clover), lucern (Medicago sativa), cowpeas (Vigna sinensis)], grasses [maize (Zea mays), millet (Panicum miliaceum), sorghum (Sorghum vulgare)] and wheat straw in ruminally fistulated male buffalo calves. By using nylon bags, 10 grams sample was exposed to the ruminal fermentation for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 24, 36, 48 and 96 hours. Dry matter and NDF degradability was measured at 48 hours. Extent of DM and NDF disappearance was determined at each time point. Rates of disappearance of DM and NDF were determined by regressing the natural logarithm of the percentage of original DM and NDF remaining in the bags between 1 and 96 hours. The dry matter digestibility (DMD) of the feed byproducts (FBP) and legume forages when incubated in the rumen of male buffalo calves were greater (p < 0.05) than grasses. Extent of digestion followed similar pattern as DMD. Rate of DMD was higher in FBP than in legumes and was the lowest in the wheat straw. The NDF degradability (NDFD) of FBP, legumes and grasses did not differ, however, wheat straw had the lowest NDFD from all the feeds tested. The lowest NDFD of wheat straw may have been due to the depressing effect of lignin on fiber digestion. The FBP and legumes had higher (p < 0.05) rates and lower extents of NDF digestion than grasses.
The rate and extent of digestion of dietary carbohydrates has a tremendous impact on ruminal fermentation and the productivity of the animals. The objective of the study was to determine the dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradabilities and rate and extent of feed byproducts (cotton seed cake, wheat bran), legumes [berseem (Egyptian clover), lucern (Medicago sativa), cowpeas (Vigna sinensis)], grasses [maize (Zea mays), millet (Panicum miliaceum), sorghum (Sorghum vulgare)] and wheat straw in ruminally fistulated male buffalo calves. By using nylon bags, 10 grams sample was exposed to the ruminal fermentation for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 24, 36, 48 and 96 hours. Dry matter and NDF degradability was measured at 48 hours. Extent of DM and NDF disappearance was determined at each time point. Rates of disappearance of DM and NDF were determined by regressing the natural logarithm of the percentage of original DM and NDF remaining in the bags between 1 and 96 hours. The dry matter digestibility (DMD) of the feed byproducts (FBP) and legume forages when incubated in the rumen of male buffalo calves were greater (p < 0.05) than grasses. Extent of digestion followed similar pattern as DMD. Rate of DMD was higher in FBP than in legumes and was the lowest in the wheat straw. The NDF degradability (NDFD) of FBP, legumes and grasses did not differ, however, wheat straw had the lowest NDFD from all the feeds tested. The lowest NDFD of wheat straw may have been due to the depressing effect of lignin on fiber digestion. The FBP and legumes had higher (p < 0.05) rates and lower extents of NDF digestion than grasses.
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제안 방법
The animals were housed on a concrete floor in separate pens and the water was offered twice daily. For each batch, the animals were given 10 days of adaptation period to the diets at the start of the experiment followed by 4 days of incubation period for the in situ bags.
Weight loss due to soaking was expressed as preruminal disappearance of DM. On day 11 of each experiment at 08:00, 3 bags for each fermentation time were placed in the rumen fbr 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 24, 36, 48 and 96 hours, in reverse order and removed all at the same time. After removal from the rumen, bags were washed in running tap water until the rinse was clear.
This can avoid uncoupling of essential nutrients at the ruminal level which consequently results into an effective and profitable livestock production. The objectives of the present project was to determine the lag time, rate and extent of NDF digestion and the slow and fast digestible feedstuffs in the rumen of buffalo calves.
Two Nili-Ravi male buffalo calves, average weight 200 kg, fitted with ruminal cannulae were used to evaluate nine different feedstuffs in situ, in three batches. In the first batch, cotton seed cake, wheat bran and wheat straw were incubated in the rumen.
이론/모형
The data on each parameter (lag time, rate and extent of digestion of DM and NDF) were analysed according to Completely Randomized Design. The means were compared using Duncan's Multiple range test (Steel and Torrie, 1981).
성능/효과
The DM disappearance (DMD) coefficients of cotton seed cake, wheat bran, berseem, lucem and cowpeas were higher (p < 0.05) than those of maize, millet, sorghum and wheat straw (table 2). The reduced DMD of maize, millet and sorghum compared to cotton seed cake, wheat bran, berseem, lucem and cowpeas may be due to their higher NDF content.
Earlier studies (Mertens, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1985; Varga and Hoover, 1987) have shown that the NDF contents were negatively correlated to the apparent digestibility of the forages. The higher DMD of cotton seed cake, wheat bran, berseem, lucem and cowpeas tfian maize, millet, sorghum and wheat straw could be attributed to their faster rate of disappearance (as DMD was measured at 48 hours). Glenn et al.
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