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2. Drug Metab. Dispos. S. Cotler 11 458 1983 Cotler, S., Bugge, C. J., and Colburn, W. A., Role of gut contents, intestinal wall, and liver on the first pass metabolism and absolute bioavailability of isotretinoin in the dog.Drug Metab. Dispos. 11, 458-462 (1983). 

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4. J. Clin. Pharmacol. D. J. Greenblatt 33 650 1993 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb04719.x Greenblatt, D. J., Presystemic extraction: mechanisms and consequences.J. Clin. Pharmacol. 33, 650-656 (1993). 

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6. K. F. Ilett 50 1982 Presystemic Drug Elmination Ilett, K. F., and Davies, D. S.,In vivo studies of gut wall metabolism, In George, C. F., Shand, D. G., and Renwick, A. G. (Eds.),Presystemic Drug Elmination. Butterworth and Co., London, p. 50, 1982. 

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8. Drug Metab. Dispos. A. S. Koster 13 464 1985 Koster, A. S., Hofman, G. A., Frankhuijzen-Sierevogel, A. C., and Noordhoek, J., Presystemic and systemic intestinal metabolism of fenoterol in the conscious rat.Drug Metab. Dispos. 13, 464-470 (1985). 

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11. J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. A. Rescigno 22 255 1994 10.1007/BF02353332 Rescigno, A., Brief retrospectives in pharmacokinetics. On absorption rate and fraction absorbed.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm., 22, 255-257 (1994). 

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13. Thummel, K. E., Modeling hepatic and intestinal metabolism of the CYP3A4 probe midazolam fromin vitro data.AAPS symposia abstracts and biographies. p. 32 (1995). 

14. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. C.-Y. Wu 58 492 1995 10.1016/0009-9236(95)90168-X Wu, C.-Y., Benet, L. Z., Hebert, M. F., Gupta, S. K., Rowland, M., Gomez, D. Y., and Wacher, V. J., Differentiation of absorption and first-pass gut and hepatic metabolism in humans: Studies with cyclosporin.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 58, 492-497 (1995). 

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15. Drug Metab. Dispos. X. Xu 17 556 1989 Xu, X., Hirayama H., and Pang, K. S., First-pass metabolism of salicylamide, Studies in the once-through vascularly perfused rat intestine-liver preparation.Drug Metab. Dispos. 17, 556-563 (1989). 

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