Kasa, I.W.
(Department of Biology, Udayana University)
,
Hill, M.K.
(Department of Animal Sciences, New England University)
,
Thawites, C.J.
(Department of Animal Sciences, New England University)
,
Baillie, N.D.
(Department of Animal Sciences, New England University)
A study was conducted on the effects of ploughing on physiological responses of male and female Bali-cattle. A $2{\times}2{\times}6{\times}8$ factorial design (2 seasons, 2 sexes, 6 days and 8 consecutive time of measurements every 30 minutes) was employed. Responses during the cool/humid...
A study was conducted on the effects of ploughing on physiological responses of male and female Bali-cattle. A $2{\times}2{\times}6{\times}8$ factorial design (2 seasons, 2 sexes, 6 days and 8 consecutive time of measurements every 30 minutes) was employed. Responses during the cool/humid season were lower than hot/dry; respiration rate (RR) was 52 vs 75/min, rectal temperature(RT) was 39.1 vs $39.5^{\circ}C$ and skin temperature (ST) was 37.1 vs $37.6^{\circ}C$. Within sexes, males were less tolerant than females in that their RR (66 vs 61 breath/min), RT (39.4 vs $39.2^{\circ}C$) and ST (37.6 vs $37.1^{\circ}C$) were each higher than females during work. With increasing time, during the average 2.5 h working period gradual increases in RR, RT and ST were recorded and the overall increases of 84 breath/min, $1.9^{\circ}C$ and $13.8^{\circ}C$ respectively (p < 0.001). Packed cell volume (PCV) data indicated significant difference between sexes, time and season (p < 0.001, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). Within time (before and after 2.5 h working) the PCV decreased from 27.4 to 25.6%.
A study was conducted on the effects of ploughing on physiological responses of male and female Bali-cattle. A $2{\times}2{\times}6{\times}8$ factorial design (2 seasons, 2 sexes, 6 days and 8 consecutive time of measurements every 30 minutes) was employed. Responses during the cool/humid season were lower than hot/dry; respiration rate (RR) was 52 vs 75/min, rectal temperature(RT) was 39.1 vs $39.5^{\circ}C$ and skin temperature (ST) was 37.1 vs $37.6^{\circ}C$. Within sexes, males were less tolerant than females in that their RR (66 vs 61 breath/min), RT (39.4 vs $39.2^{\circ}C$) and ST (37.6 vs $37.1^{\circ}C$) were each higher than females during work. With increasing time, during the average 2.5 h working period gradual increases in RR, RT and ST were recorded and the overall increases of 84 breath/min, $1.9^{\circ}C$ and $13.8^{\circ}C$ respectively (p < 0.001). Packed cell volume (PCV) data indicated significant difference between sexes, time and season (p < 0.001, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). Within time (before and after 2.5 h working) the PCV decreased from 27.4 to 25.6%.
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제안 방법
A2x2x6x8 factorial design (2 seasons, 2 sexes, 6 days and 8 consecutive time of measurements every 30 minutes) was used. All results were analysed by analysis of variance (Steel and Torrie, 1980), and the "BMDP 2V" (Dixon et al., 1983) statistical packages for repeated measurement in the DEC-20 and GARA con^)uter systems at the University of New England.
(1985). Experiments were carried-out in the months of January and July during rainy and hot seasons respectively, with 2 replicates per season, 3 days each replicate and 3 days rest in between those 2 replicates. Observations were made during 2.
대상 데이터
The experiment was carried out at Sangsit village about 80 km from Denpasar (the capital city of Bali), northern part of Bali island, and 5-10 m above the sea level. Three tenant farmers were actively involved in this project.
The experiment was carried out at Sangsit village about 80 km from Denpasar (the capital city of Bali), northern part of Bali island, and 5-10 m above the sea level. Three tenant farmers were actively involved in this project. The animals were fed ad libitum with local native grass as explained by Nitis et al.
성능/효과
Overall results from these field trials indicated the effects of different ploughman, which seemed likely to be expressed as different increases in RR. For examples, it was observed that the highest RR was achieved on day 4 of 69/minute.
후속연구
These findings were in general agreement with Pearson et al, (1989), who found that an incompatible team (different ploughman) was sometimes difficult to steer and to manoeuvre at the end of furrows, and so used more energy per day for work (674-781 kJ/h) than a lazy one of similar ploughman (595-716 kJ/h). To confirm such cases, further detailed experiments are needed in the future to examine the effects of different ploughmen.
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