This study is to investigate biochemical compositions of two species of marine microalgae, Chlorella ellipsoidea of Chlorophyta and Tetraselmis suecica of Prasinophyta, and to assess their potential antimicrobial activities. Crude protein, lipid and carbohydrate for C. ellipsoidea were $43.15\%...
This study is to investigate biochemical compositions of two species of marine microalgae, Chlorella ellipsoidea of Chlorophyta and Tetraselmis suecica of Prasinophyta, and to assess their potential antimicrobial activities. Crude protein, lipid and carbohydrate for C. ellipsoidea were $43.15\%$, $12.63\%$ and $13.09\%$, respectively, and those for T. suecica were $44.95\%$, $4.80\%$ and $24.05\%$, respectively. The major amino acids of the two micro algae were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, lysine and proline, and no significant difference between the amino acid compositions of both micro algae was observed. The major sugars for both microalgae were glucose, galactose and mannose, and glucose contents showed the highest level, $58.70\%$ for C. ellipsoidea and$57.86\%$ for T. suecica. The major mineral contents of both micro algae for 100g were Ca (3,114mg in C. ellipoidea and 3,389mg in T. suecica) and followed by Na (2,881mg), K (548mg) and Mg (545mg) for C. ellipsoidea and Na (1,832 mg), Mg (1,510mg) and K (548mg) for T. suecica. In the content of ATP-related compound, hypoxanthine in C. ellipsoidea and IMP in T. suecica were absolutely dominant compounds. The highest content of fatty acid in C. ellipsoidea was 20:4, $27.15\%$ and that in T. suecica was 18:3 (w-6), $18.10\%$. In case of physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6), both microalgae possessed just trace amounts but was rich in arachidonic acid (20: 4). Vitamin content in both microalgae was significantly high in choline and inositol. In antimicrobial activity by water- and fat-soluble fraction of the micro algae, hexane extract in the fat-soluble fraction of C. elliposidea inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis by $96\%$ bactericidal activity and tetrachlorocarbon extract of T. suecica indicated relatively excellent antimicrobial activity $(81\%\;bactericidal\;activity)$ against Escherichia coli. Hot water extract among water-soluble fraction of both micro algae almost suppressed the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by $96\%$ bactericidal activity.
This study is to investigate biochemical compositions of two species of marine microalgae, Chlorella ellipsoidea of Chlorophyta and Tetraselmis suecica of Prasinophyta, and to assess their potential antimicrobial activities. Crude protein, lipid and carbohydrate for C. ellipsoidea were $43.15\%$, $12.63\%$ and $13.09\%$, respectively, and those for T. suecica were $44.95\%$, $4.80\%$ and $24.05\%$, respectively. The major amino acids of the two micro algae were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, lysine and proline, and no significant difference between the amino acid compositions of both micro algae was observed. The major sugars for both microalgae were glucose, galactose and mannose, and glucose contents showed the highest level, $58.70\%$ for C. ellipsoidea and$57.86\%$ for T. suecica. The major mineral contents of both micro algae for 100g were Ca (3,114mg in C. ellipoidea and 3,389mg in T. suecica) and followed by Na (2,881mg), K (548mg) and Mg (545mg) for C. ellipsoidea and Na (1,832 mg), Mg (1,510mg) and K (548mg) for T. suecica. In the content of ATP-related compound, hypoxanthine in C. ellipsoidea and IMP in T. suecica were absolutely dominant compounds. The highest content of fatty acid in C. ellipsoidea was 20:4, $27.15\%$ and that in T. suecica was 18:3 (w-6), $18.10\%$. In case of physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6), both microalgae possessed just trace amounts but was rich in arachidonic acid (20: 4). Vitamin content in both microalgae was significantly high in choline and inositol. In antimicrobial activity by water- and fat-soluble fraction of the micro algae, hexane extract in the fat-soluble fraction of C. elliposidea inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis by $96\%$ bactericidal activity and tetrachlorocarbon extract of T. suecica indicated relatively excellent antimicrobial activity $(81\%\;bactericidal\;activity)$ against Escherichia coli. Hot water extract among water-soluble fraction of both micro algae almost suppressed the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by $96\%$ bactericidal activity.
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제안 방법
In order to evaluate the usefulness of the microalgae, Chlorella ellipsoidea and Tetraselmis suecica as a functional material, the biochemical composition was preferentially analysed in terms of proximate chemical composition, sugar composition of the polysaccharides, mineral composition, and vitamin composition.
In this study, we selected two marine microalgae, Chlorella ellipsoidea of Chlorophyta and Tetrasel- mis suecica of Prasinophyta that can be massively cultivated, and investigated biochemical compositions and antimicrobial activity.
대상 데이터
Marine microalgae used in this study were Chlorella ellipsoidea of Chlorophyta and Tetraselmis suecica of Prasinophyta obtained from Korean Microalgae Collection Center of Pukyong National University (Pusan, Korea). The two microalgae were cultured using F/2 culture medium under 20℃, 30 PPT, 6, 000 Lux, 24L:D = 24:O.
이론/모형
Proximate compositions of the microalgae were determined according to AOAC method (1990). Crude protein was determined by semi-micro Kjel- dahl method (nitrogen contentX 6.25), crude lipid was performed by Soxhlet method, and crude carbohydrate was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid reaction (absorbance at 470 nm, using glucose as the calibration standard). In addition, crude ash was carried out at 550℃ of the dry-type of furnace and mineral analysis was performed using HP~4500 ICP (inductively coupled plasma, Hewlett Packard, USA) with the crude ash dissolved in 0.
Proximate compositions of the microalgae were determined according to AOAC method (1990). Crude protein was determined by semi-micro Kjel- dahl method (nitrogen contentX 6.
The assay of various vitamin was performed according to AOAC method (1990).
Antibacterial activity of the fractions obtained from the two marine microalgae was examined against 15 strains of bacteria including five gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli KCTC 1682, Escherichia coli 0-157 ATCC 11775, Salmonella typhi KCTC 2424, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCTC 1750, Vibrio para- haemolyticus ATCC 17802), nine gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065, Micrococcus luteus KCTC 10240, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Staphylococcus epidermidis KCTC 1917, Bacillus subtilis KCTC 1028, Lactobacillus bulgaricus KCTC 3188, Lactobacillus casei KCTC 3189, Lactobacillus fennentum KCTC 3112, Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 10541) and a yeast (Can-dida albicans KCTC 1940). The assay was carried out by the colony count method on agar plate according to Jeon et al. (2001). The mixture of 0.
성능/효과
(1993)proved that all of Isochrysis sp., Pavlova lutheri and Nannochloropsis oculata contained glutamic acid with the highest content of amino acids in the amino acid composition of Chlorophyceae and Prasinophyceae. From the fact that the proteins from marine microalgae such as Chiorophyte and Prasinophyte have high contents of glycine, proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid which are savory in the taste, the proteins or their protein hydrolysates may be very available for the use as a food additive or a feed.
04% and 336%, respectively. Crude protein, lipid and carbohydrate content for C. ellipsoidea were 43.15%, 12.63% and 13.09%, respectively, while those for T. suecica were 44.95 %, 4.85 % and 24.05%, respectively. The two microalgae showed almost same content in crude proteins, but quite differences in crude lipids and carbohydrates.
Proximate compositions of the two marine microalgae were shown in Table 1. Moisture contents of the two dried microalgae, C. ellipsoidea and T. suecica were 4.04% and 336%, respectively. Crude protein, lipid and carbohydrate content for C.
51%, respectively. The major fatty acids in C. ellipsoidea were 2(×73% of 16:0, 20.40% of 16:1, and 27.15% of 20:4, and in T. suecica were 18.10% of 18:36), 17.92% of 16:0, 14.12% of 16:1, and 13.57% of 18:1 (ω-9).
1, and the yield of each frac-lion was presented in Table 8. The total content of all the fractions extracted from C. ellipsoidea was 77.8% and almost two-fold higher than that of T. suecica (40.4%). The two 70% ethanol fractions from C.
4%). The two 70% ethanol fractions from C. ellipsoidea and T. suecica showed the highest yields, 38.1 % and 18.6%, respectively. At the last fractionation for the separation of aqueous layer from organic layer, the aqueous fraction obtained from C.
4% for lipid. The two microalgae tested in this study were thought to be valuable materials in the aspect of the nutrient due to their high level of protein content.
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