[논문]An Efficient Transport Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks: An End-to-End Freeze TCP with Timestamps

Cho, Sung-Rae; Sirisena, Harsha; Pawlikowski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1109/jcn.2004.6596838

An Efficient Transport Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks: An End-to-End Freeze TCP with Timestamps 원문보기

Journal of communications and networks, v.6 no.4, 2004년, pp.376 - 386

Cho, Sung-Rae , Sirisena, Harsha , Pawlikowski, Krzysztof

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In ad hoc networks, loss-based congestion window progression by the traditional means of duplicate ACKs and timeouts causes high network buffer utilization due to large bursts of data, thereby degrading network bandwidth utilization. Moreover, network-oriented feedbacks to handle route disconnection events may impair packet forwarding capability by adding to MAC layer congestion and also dissipate considerable network resources at reluctant intermediate nodes. Here, we propose a new TCP scheme that does not require the participation of intermediate nodes. It is a purely end-to-end scheme using TCP timestamps to deduce link conditions. It also eliminates spurious reductions of the transmission window in cases of timeouts and fast retransmits. The scheme incorporates a receiver-oriented rate controller (rater), and a congestion window delimiter for the 802.11 MAC protocol. In addition, the transient nature of medium availability due to medium contention during the connection time is addressed by a freezing timer (freezer) at the receiver, which freezes the sender whenever heavy contention is perceived. Finally, the sender-end is modified to comply with the receiver-end enhancements, as an optional deployment. Simulation studies show that our modification of TCP for ad hoc networks offers outstanding performance in terms of goodput, as well as throughput.

주제어

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.

가설 설정

does not guarantee their deliveries and (ii) ECN-designated packets may be lost over wireless links. The loss of an ICMP message results in a number of retransmit timeouts followed by successive retransmissions since route disconnection periods would have occurred.

이론/모형

The model of the proposed scheme has been implemented in the network simulator known as ns-2.1b9a [29]. The changes were added on top of the existing TCP SACK model (i.

성능/효과

In this paper, we evaluated the performance of the baseline TCP SACK and confirmed that it can both over-utilize and under-utilize the available bandwidth. We then demonstrated that the combination of our newly proposed schemes, i.
of 300 sec, unless otherwise stated. Simulation output data were analyzed sequentially by conducting independent replications of simulated scenarios until the relative errors of final results became smaller than 5%, at the assumed 0.95 confidence level.
Despite there being no competing traffic sources, the TCP sender suffered from a number of fast retransmits and timeouts. The results indicate that the dynamic adjustment of adwin according to the degree of present medium contention can improve TCP throughput. Besides, if other traffic sources are present, throughput and goodput can also be improved by a suitable limiting adwin.

후속연구

Further studies are needed on calibration of the coefficients of the freezer to optimize its performance and on revision of the sender's historical measurements of SRTT RTTVAR, and RTO for using them in ad hoc networks. Also, dynamic sender's congestion window progression strategy is required.

참고문헌 (29)

M. S. Corson and J. Macker, 'Mobile ad hoc networking (MANET): Routing protocol performance issues and evaluation considerations,' RFC 2501, Internet Engineering Task Force, Jan. 1999
K. Sundaresan et al., 'ATP: A reliable transport protocol for ad hoc networks, in Proc. MobiHoc 2003, June 2003
S. Mascolo et al., 'TCP Westwood: End-to-end bandwidth estimation for efficient transport over wired and wireless networks,' in Proc. ACM Mobicom 2001,2001
S. Floyd et al., 'An extension for the selective acknowledgement (SACK) option for TCP,' RFC 2883
R. Ludwig and R. Katz, 'The Eifel algorithm: Making TCP robust against spurious retransmissions,' ACM Computer Commun. Review, Jan. 2000
C. Parsa and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, 'TULIP: A linklevel protocol for improving TCP over wireless links,' in Proc. IEEE WCNC'99, 1999, pp. 1253-1257
Z. Fu et al., 'On TCP performance in multihop wireless networks,' University of California at Los Angeles, 2003
A. Bakre and B. R. Badrinath, 'I-TCP: Indirect TCP for mobile hosts,' in Proc. 15-th Int. Conf. Dist. Computing Syst., May 1995, pp. 136-143
K. Brown and S. Singh, 'M- TCP: TCP for mobile cellular networks,' ACM Computer Commun. Review, vol. 27, pp. 19-43, Oct. 1997

상세보기
H. Balakrisnan, S. Seshan, and R. H.Katz, 'Improving reliable transport and handoff performance in cellular wireless networks,' in Proc. Mobicom'95, Nov. 14-15, Berkeley, (California, USA), 1995
K. Ratnam and I. Matta, 'WTCP: An efficient transmission control protocol for networks with wireless links,' in Proc. IEEE Symp. Computer and Commun.(ISCC), June 1998
D. Sun and H. Man, 'Evaluation of reliable data transport schemes for mobile ad hoc networks,' 2002
T. Goff et al., 'Freeze-TCP: A true end to end TCP enhance mechanism for mobile environments,' in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2000, 2000
G. Holland and N. Vaidya, 'Analysis of TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networks,' in Proc. IEEE/ACM Mobicom'99, Aug. 1999
J. P. Monks, P. Sinha, and V. Bharghavan, 'Limitations of TCP-ELFN for ad hoc networks,' in Proc. 7-th Int. Workshop on Mobile Multimedia Commun.(MoMuC), 2000
J. Liu and S. Singh, 'ATCP: TCP for mobile ad hoc networks,' IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1300-1315, July 2001

상세보기
K. Chandran et al., 'A feedback based scheme for improving TCP performance in ad hoc wireless networks,' in Proc. 18-th Int. Conf. Dist. Computing Syst., May 1998
D. Kim, C.-K. Toh, and Y. Choi, 'TCP BuS: Improving TCP performance in wireless ad hoc networks,' in Proc. IEEE ICC 2000, New Orleans, LA, June 2000
K. Chen and K. Nahrstedt, 'EXACT: A explicit rate based flow control framework in MANET (extended version),' University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, July 2002
DF. Wang and Y. Zhang, "Improving TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networks with out-of-order detection and response," in Proc. ACM Mobihoc 2002, June 2002
T. D. Dyer and R. V. Boppana, 'A comparison of TCP performance over three routing protocols for mobile ad hoc netowrks,' in Proc. ACM Mobihoc 2001, Oct. 2001
Z. Fu et al., 'Design and implementation of a TCP-friendly transport protocol for ad hoc wireless network,' in Proc. 10-th IEEE Int. Conf. Network Protocols, Paris, France, 2002, pp. 212-225
R. Oliveira, T. Braun, and M. Heissenbuttel, 'An edge based approach for improving TCP in wireless mobile ad hoc networks,' Berne University, Switzerland, 2002
G. S. Ahn et al., 'SWAN: Service differentiation in stateless wireless ad hoc networks,' in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2002, New York, June 2002
S. Xu and T Saadawi, 'Does the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol work well in multihop wireless ad hoc network?' IEEE Commun. Mag., vol 39, no. 6, pp. 130-137, June 2001

상세보기
X. Hannan, 'A flexible quality of service model for mobile ad hoc networks,' Ph.D. dissertation, Singapore University, Singapore, 2002
L. S. Brakmo, S. W.O'Malley, and L. L. Peterson, 'TCP Vegas: New techniques for congestion detection and avoidance,' in Proc. SIGCOMM'94, 1994
R. Ludwig, 'A case for flow-adaptive wireless links,' Technical Report, University of California, Berkeley, 1999
K. Fall and K. Varadhan, 'NS notes and documentation,' Technical Report, The VINT Project, Dec. 2003

원문 URL 링크

DOI : 10.1109/JCN.2004.6596838 [무료]
IEEE : 저널
AccessON : 저널

*원문 PDF 파일 및 링크정보가 존재하지 않을 경우 KISTI DDS 시스템에서 제공하는 원문복사서비스를 사용할 수 있습니다.

오픈액세스(OA) 유형

BRONZE

출판사/학술단체 등이 한시적으로 특별한 프로모션 또는 일정기간 경과 후 접근을 허용하여, 출판사/학술단체 등의 사이트에서 이용 가능한 논문

내보내기 메뉴

내보내기 구분

파일저장
인쇄
메일전송

구성항목

기본정보
상세정보

관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관

저장형식

Text(ASCII format)
Excel format
RefWorks Direct Export
RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley

메일정보

받는사람 (필수): @
보내는사람 (선택): @
제목
내용: KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스

안내

총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다.

다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000)

검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다.

데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요)

다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다.
파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오.

Text(ASCII format)
Excel format

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

AI-Helper ※ AI-Helper는 을 사용합니다.

AI-Helper

안녕하세요, AI-Helper입니다. 좌측 "선택된 텍스트"에서 텍스트를 선택하여 요약, 번역, 용어설명을 실행하세요.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.

연합인증