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An Analysis of the Ageing Effect on the Removal of Cesium and Cobalt from Radioactive Soil by the Electrokinetic Method 원문보기

Journal of the Korean Nuclear Society = 원자력학회지, v.36 no.4, 2004년, pp.304 - 315  

Kim Gye-Nam (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ,  Oh Won-Zin (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ,  Won Hui-Zun (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ,  Jung Chong-Hun (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

The ageing effects of radionuclides in radioactive soil on remediation using the electrokinetic method were analyzed. Comparative experiments were conducted for the reactive soil around a TRIGA research? reactor contaminated with $^{137}Cs\;and\;^{60}Co$ for 15 years and the non-reactive ...

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제안 방법

  • The most effective chemical was selected according to the results of the experiments. A device to solve the ageing effect was explored by analyzing the results of the electrokinetic experiment, which was conducted with the addition of the selected chemical.
  • The experiment was initiated under a constant electric voltage gradient. After completion of the experiment, the TRIGA reactive soil in the column was divided into several sections, the 137Cs and 60Co radioactive concentrations of which were then analyzed using MCA.
  • In order to obtain an equilibrium sorption coefficient, 6 sets of Cs+ and Co2+ solutions, with different concentrations, were prepared and put into individual plastic bottles containing 10 g of soil. The temperature was 25℃, 50mfi of a Cs+ solution for 10 g of soil was used, and the shaking time was 24 hours.
  • In the current study, TRIGA non-radioactive soil intentionally contaminated with Cs+ and Co2+ for a short time and the TRIGA radioactive soil contaminated with 137Cs and 60Co for a long time were remediated with the electrokinetic method. The ageing effect was analyzed by comparing the results of the two remediation experiments. In order to increase the efficiency of removing 137Cs and 60Co from the aged radioactive soil, many kinds of chemicals were added to the electrokinetic experiments.
  • To increase the efficiency of remediation of the radioactive soil contaminated with 137Cs and 60Co, experiments were conducted to select an optimum additive by mixing the soil with many kinds of chemicals as follows.

대상 데이터

  • Radioactive soil from the TRIGA site contaminated with 137Cs and 60Co, which has been stored in a radioactive waste storage at KAERI since 1988, was used for this experiment. The radioactive concentrations of 137Cs and 60Co in the soil were 14.
  • The main components in the TRIGA soil were SiO2, AI2O3, and K20. In addition, the physical characteristics of the soil, such as the dry bulk density, the porosity, and the water content are li아ed in Table 2.

이론/모형

  • The Galerkin finite element method with a linear basis function, an implicit difference scheme for the space derivative, and a backward difference scheme for the time derivative were used. In addition, the Thomas algorithm was used for the matrix calculation. Meanwhile, to avoid any numerical oscillation, a space step (Ax) was selected so that Pe (Pecret number) <2, and a time step (At) was selected so that Cue (Courant number) M1.
  • 11, was rewritten in the FORTRAN 77 language. The Galerkin finite element method with a linear basis function, an implicit difference scheme for the space derivative, and a backward difference scheme for the time derivative were used. In addition, the Thomas algorithm was used for the matrix calculation.
  • 01 M of Cs+ and Co2+ solution, and then it was dried for 3 days. The contaminated soil was remediated using the electrokinetic method. Figure 2 shows the electrokinetic experimental equipment on a laboratory scale.
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참고문헌 (12)

  1. Darmawan and S. I. Wana, 'Kinetics of Speciation of Cu, Pb and Zn loaded to Soils that differ in Cation Exchanger Composition at Low Moisture Content, Commun', Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 30, pp.2363 (1999) 

  2. J. W. Yu and I. Neretnieks, 'Modelling of transport and reaction processes in a porous medium in electrical field', Chemical Engineering Science, 51(19), pp.4355 (1996) 

  3. Z. Li, J. W. Yu, and I. Neretnieks, 'Removal of Cu(II) and Cr(III) from naturally contaminated loam by electromigration', J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A 32, 1293 (1997) 

  4. Z. Li, J. W. Yu, and I. Neretnieks, 'Removal of heavy metals from soils by using cation selective membrane', Environ. Sci. Technol. 32394 (1998) 

  5. M. V. Leland and M. Z. Gwen, 'Effect of aqueous phase properties on clay particle zeta potential and electro-osmotic permeability: Implications for electro-kinetic soil remediation processes', J. of Hazardous Materials, 55,pp. 1 (1997) 

  6. H. H. Lee and J. W. Yang, 'A new method to control electrolytes pH by circulation system in electrokinetic soil remediation' , J. of Hazardous Materials, B77, pp.227 (2000) 

  7. J. A. park, J. M. Hur, B. K. Jang ,and B. S. Son,' Evaluation of compost Addition and Its Effect on Biodegradation of Diesel-oil in Contaminated Soil Composting', J. Ind. Eng. Chem., Vol.7, No.3, pp.127 (2111) 

  8. S. Pamukcu, and J. K. Wittle,' Eletrokinetic removal of selected heavy metals from soil', Environmental Progress, 11(3), pp.241 (1992) 

  9. R. F. Probstein, Physicochemical hydrodynamics. An Introduction, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York (1994) 

  10. R. E. Hicks and S. Tondorf,' Electrorestoration of metal contaminated soils', Envion. Sci. Technol., 28(12), pp.2203 (1994) 

  11. J. S. Newman, Electrochemical systems, 2nd ed., Prentice-HalI, New Jersey (1991) 

  12. C. W. Fetter, Contaminant hydrology. Willey, New York(1993) 

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