Lee Joung Won
(Department of Consumers' Life Information Chungnam National University)
,
Kim Joo Han
(Department of Information and Statistics Chungnam National University)
In order to investigate the differences in nutrient intakes and eating habits between people living alone and people living together with family or others by age group, dietary survey data of the subjects aged 20 years or older from 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. Liv...
In order to investigate the differences in nutrient intakes and eating habits between people living alone and people living together with family or others by age group, dietary survey data of the subjects aged 20 years or older from 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. Living status of the subjects was defined as 'single' when the subjects' household member was one person. Age, gender, income, education were adjusted during the comparative analysis. The subjects living alone had diets with lower score of nutritional adequacy ratio and lower quality, and drank more alcoholic beverages when compared with the subjects living together. Females were more greatly affected in dietary intakes by living alone situation than males. Of the four age groups, a group with ages from 30 to 39 years showed less nutrient intake patterns in persons living alone than in persons living together, but the rest three groups with ages from 20 to 29, from 50 to 64, and 65 or older did not show any significant differences. Eating habits of the subjects living alone, such as skipping meals, kinds of snacks, dining-out, were worse as a whole than the other. In conclusion, single living particularly of females or of 30 to 39 years of age group had negative influences on dietary intakes and behavior. There may be statistical errors if socioeconomic and demographic factors such as age, gender, income, and education are not controlled in the population study investigating the effect of living alone on dietary intakes. Further studies will be needed to know the age-specific reasons for the worse nutrient intakes of single living persons.
In order to investigate the differences in nutrient intakes and eating habits between people living alone and people living together with family or others by age group, dietary survey data of the subjects aged 20 years or older from 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. Living status of the subjects was defined as 'single' when the subjects' household member was one person. Age, gender, income, education were adjusted during the comparative analysis. The subjects living alone had diets with lower score of nutritional adequacy ratio and lower quality, and drank more alcoholic beverages when compared with the subjects living together. Females were more greatly affected in dietary intakes by living alone situation than males. Of the four age groups, a group with ages from 30 to 39 years showed less nutrient intake patterns in persons living alone than in persons living together, but the rest three groups with ages from 20 to 29, from 50 to 64, and 65 or older did not show any significant differences. Eating habits of the subjects living alone, such as skipping meals, kinds of snacks, dining-out, were worse as a whole than the other. In conclusion, single living particularly of females or of 30 to 39 years of age group had negative influences on dietary intakes and behavior. There may be statistical errors if socioeconomic and demographic factors such as age, gender, income, and education are not controlled in the population study investigating the effect of living alone on dietary intakes. Further studies will be needed to know the age-specific reasons for the worse nutrient intakes of single living persons.
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대상 데이터
The present study used the nutrition survey data of the 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KN- HNS) conducted by the Ministry of Korean Health and Welfare, during November and December 2001. From the dietary survey sample of total; 10, 500 persons, the data of the subjects aged 20 years or older, were analyzed.
데이터처리
All the values were expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD) or frequency distribution and the percentage. Group differences of means were examined by t-test, ANO- VA., ANCOVA, MANOVA, MANCOVA, or Chi-square test. All the statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS program (ver 11.
성능/효과
1) The subjects living alone had diets with lower score of nutritional adequacy ratio (mean MAR 0.74)and lower quality, and drank more alcoholic beverages, compared with the subjects living together.
2) Female adults were more greatly affected in dietary intakes by living alone situation than male adults.
3) Of the four age groups, a group of ages from 30 to 39 years showed less nutrient intake patterns in persons living alone than in persons living together, but the rest three groups with ages from 20 to 29, from 50 to 64, and 65 or older did not show any significant differences. If gender, income, and education were not adjusted three age groups with ages of 30 years or older showed overall differences of nutrient intakes between persons living alone and persons living together However, persons aged from 20 to 29 years did not differ in nutrient intakes between two living status regardless of adjusting age, gender, income, and education .
4) Eating habits, such as skipping meals, kinds of snacking foods, dining-out, of persons living alone were worse as a whole than persons not living alone.
For an individual nutrient, adjusted with age, gender, education, and income level, only the intake amounts of thiamin and vitamin C and their RDA%, and possibly the RDA% of protein (p = 0.057)were significantly lower in those living alone than in those not living alone. Energy and the rest of nutrients did not differ between two groups.
In conclusion , single living particularly for females or for 30 to 39 years of age group had negative influences on dietary intakes and behavior. For the twenties and elderly, socioeconomic factors such as gender or income may have important influences on dietary intake than simply whether or not persons live alone.
Daily nutrient intakes and nutritional indices of the total subjects aged 20 years or older by living status were shown in Table 1. On the whole, according to the multivariate test of Pillai's Trace, adjusted with age, gender, education, and income level, daily intakes (RDA%) of energy, nutrients, drinking water, and alcohol beverage, and nutritional indices differed significantly between the subjects living alone and the subjects living together with others (p = 0.000).
Table 2 shows the effect of gender on the nutrient intakes as RDA% and nutritional indices according to the living status with and without adjusting of age, education, and income level. Through the multivariate test, the significant differences of nutrient intakes, etc. as a whole, between two Eving conditions were appeared in both male and female subjects, but when adjusted with age, education, and income level, the differences was disappeared for the male subjects (p=0.182) while remained for the female subjects (p = 0.000). However, the number of nutrient with INQ<1 was significantly more in the male living alone than in the male not living alone.
후속연구
There may be statistical errors if socioeconomic and demographic factors such as age, gender, income, and education are not controlled in the population study investigating the effect of living alone itself on dietary intakes. Further studies will be needed to prepare basal data such as age-specific reasons for the worse nutrient intakes of persons living alone to develop the nutrition program of living status.
Since the results of eating habits were not adjusted with demographic and socioeconomic factors, the eating habits of two living status group, shown in above, may be biased by different group distributions of age, gender, etc. Thus, in order to investigate the effect of living alone itself on dietary habits, further studies should be carried out using subdivided subject samples by age or gender.
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