This study was intended to investigate the effects of regular swimming exercise and vitamin C supplementation on the antioxidant system following exercise stress. For the swimming exercise experiment, a swimming adaptation exercise of 1 week was given to a group of 6-week-old mice. Following this, a...
This study was intended to investigate the effects of regular swimming exercise and vitamin C supplementation on the antioxidant system following exercise stress. For the swimming exercise experiment, a swimming adaptation exercise of 1 week was given to a group of 6-week-old mice. Following this, a swimming exercise for 8 weeks was conducted. The experimental group was divided into 3: a control group (C), a swimming exercise trained group (T), and a group of swimming + vitamin C supplementation (TC: vitamin supplementation: 1.3 mg/l00 g diet). After the swimming exercise, these group were further divided into those that had received the exercise stress for 2 hours and those that had not experienced exercise stress group. Then, the activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured. There was a lower weight increase in the T and TC groups than in the C group, and there was no significant difference between T and TC group. When exercise stress was not experienced, the activity of SOD was significantly increased in the TC group than in the T group, but there was no significant difference between C and T groups. The groups that had experienced a 2-hour exercise stress showed the SOD activity levels according to the following order, C < T < TC, with a significant difference between the three groups (p<0.05). There was no difference in MDA concentration amongst the experimental groups in non-exercise stress group. As well, there was no differences in MDA concentration between the C group and T group in the 2 hour exercise stress group. However, the TC group showed a MDA concentration level significantly lower than that of the T group. A significant increase in MDA concentration was observed in C group, when exercise stress was provided with no significant difference in the T and TC groups. As a result, regular exercise and vitamin C supplementation can be considered important in controlling the formation of lipid peroxides in exercise stress.
This study was intended to investigate the effects of regular swimming exercise and vitamin C supplementation on the antioxidant system following exercise stress. For the swimming exercise experiment, a swimming adaptation exercise of 1 week was given to a group of 6-week-old mice. Following this, a swimming exercise for 8 weeks was conducted. The experimental group was divided into 3: a control group (C), a swimming exercise trained group (T), and a group of swimming + vitamin C supplementation (TC: vitamin supplementation: 1.3 mg/l00 g diet). After the swimming exercise, these group were further divided into those that had received the exercise stress for 2 hours and those that had not experienced exercise stress group. Then, the activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured. There was a lower weight increase in the T and TC groups than in the C group, and there was no significant difference between T and TC group. When exercise stress was not experienced, the activity of SOD was significantly increased in the TC group than in the T group, but there was no significant difference between C and T groups. The groups that had experienced a 2-hour exercise stress showed the SOD activity levels according to the following order, C < T < TC, with a significant difference between the three groups (p<0.05). There was no difference in MDA concentration amongst the experimental groups in non-exercise stress group. As well, there was no differences in MDA concentration between the C group and T group in the 2 hour exercise stress group. However, the TC group showed a MDA concentration level significantly lower than that of the T group. A significant increase in MDA concentration was observed in C group, when exercise stress was provided with no significant difference in the T and TC groups. As a result, regular exercise and vitamin C supplementation can be considered important in controlling the formation of lipid peroxides in exercise stress.
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가설 설정
2) Values with different superscript letters within a column are significantly deferent from each other group at p<0.05.
2)Values with different superscript letters within a column are significantly different from each other group at p<0.05.
제안 방법
Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of swim training and vitamin C supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activity and peroxidation, and to comparatively observe their effects following compulsory swim stress, thereby examining the effects of regular training and vitamin C supplementation on the antioxidant system and lipid peroxide after non exercise stress versus exhaustive exercise stress.
Mice were divided into a control group (C), a swimming exercise trained group (T), and one being trained and provided with the vitamin C supplementation (CT). All groups were further subdivided equally into two periods based on whether the mice were studied at rest or immediately after a 2-hour acute bout of exercise. The trained groups swam in a tub measuring 63 cm x 40 cm x 18 cm deep for 30 minutes/day during the first week, and during subsequent weeks, this was extended by 10 minutes/week up to 60 min/day.
All groups were further subdivided equally into two periods based on whether the mice were studied at rest or immediately after a 2-hour acute bout of exercise. The trained groups swam in a tub measuring 63 cm x 40 cm x 18 cm deep for 30 minutes/day during the first week, and during subsequent weeks, this was extended by 10 minutes/week up to 60 min/day. The size of the tub ensured that the mice would swim freely and not float passively.
데이터처리
05. The mean difference between non stress group and 2-hour stress group was analyzed using Student r-test at p<0.05.
Statistical analysis was done using SPSS program. The results were presented as mean ±S EM and the differences among experimental groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan's multiple range test at p<0.05. The mean difference between non stress group and 2-hour stress group was analyzed using Student r-test at p<0.
성능/효과
In this study, there was no difference in the GSH-Px activities between the 2-hour exercise stress group and the non-exercise stress group. Based on the control group, it was shown that the 2-hour exercise stress group had a significant reduction in the SOD activities, and both the T and TC groups were not influenced by exercise stress (Table 3). As a result of several studies, the effects of exercise on the antioxidant system have been reported to be contrary.
Experimental animals were categorized into the 2-hour exercise stress group and the non stress group to examine antioxidant enzyme activity, and this is shown in Table 3. The results showed that when any exercise stress was not experienced, there was a significant increase in the activation of GSH-Px for the T group with regular exercise as compared to the control group, while there was no significant change when vitamin C was supplemented. Among the group with exercise stress, the T and TC groups showed significant increases than the C group.
When SOD activities were restricted by converting the superoxide radical to H2O2, peroxidation started to appear gradually so that the integrity of the cell membrane was damaged, and H2O2 was converted by catalase and GSH-Px to H2O (14). There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum SOD activities for the TC group as compared to the T group when the mice were non-stressed, while there was no difference between the C and T groups. Those with a 2-hour exercise stress showed SOD activity levels in the following order: C group < T group < TC group, with a significant difference between the three groups (p<0.
This study has demonstrated that the antioxidant enzyme was increased by proper and regular training with the exercise stress group, while SOD activity was increased by vitamin C supplementation. Moreover, a decrease in MDA concentration was observed in the 2-hour exercise stress group by vitamin C supplementation.
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