[논문]Chemical Composition and Its Relationship to In vitro Gas Production of Several Tannin Containing Trees and Shrub Leaves

Kamalak, Adem; Canbolat, Onder; Gurbuz, Yavuz; Ozay, Osman; Ozkose, Emin

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.203

Chemical Composition and Its Relationship to In vitro Gas Production of Several Tannin Containing Trees and Shrub Leaves 원문보기

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, v.18 no.2, 2005년, pp.203 - 208

Kamalak, Adem (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Nutrition) , Canbolat, Onder (Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Nutrition) , Gurbuz, Yavuz (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Nutrition) , Ozay, Osman (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Nutrition) , Ozkose, Emin (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Nutrition)

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The aim of this experiment was to determine the chemical composition of six commonly utilized fodder trees and shrub species in Turkey, namely Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Carpinus betilus, Juniperus communis, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus and its relationship with gas production and estimated parameters when incubated with rumen fluid in vitro. There were significant (p<0.001) differences between leaves in terms of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), total condensed tannin (TCT), bound condensed tannin (BCT) and soluble condensed tannin (SCT). Crude protein contents ranged from 5.74% (Juniperus communis) to 12.59% (Glycrrhiza glabra L). Acid detergent fiber contents ranged from 25.14% (Glycrrhiza glabra L) to 39.23% (Juniperus communis). Total condensed tannin (TCT) contents of leaves ranged from 4.34% (Quercus libari L) to 20.34% (Juniperus communis). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total condensed tannin contents of leaves were negatively correlated with gas productions and some estimated parameters. Potential gas productions (A) of Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus and Juniperus communis whereas gas production rate (${\mu}_{24}$) of Pistica lentiscus was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the others. Time (h) to produce 50% of total gas pool size ($T_{50}$) of Juniperus communis was significantly (p<0.001) lower than that of Carpinus betilus whereas time (h) to produce 90% of total gas pool size ($T_{90}$) of Juniperus communis was significantly lower than the others except for Pistica lentiscus. The metabolizable energy (ME) contents of leaves ranged from 8.86 to 10.39 MJ $kg^{-1}$ DM. The results obtained in this study suggested that browse species had a significant effect on chemical composition, gas production and estimated parameters of leaves. Leaves from Glycrrhiza glabra L with a considerable amount of CP had a high rank value in terms of ME. Therefore leaves from Glycrrhiza glabra L may have a high potential value for small ruminant animals in terms of rumen and whole digestibility. Leaves from other species studied require protein supplementation when they are the only feed consumed by ruminant animals.

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문제 정의

The aim of this experiment was to determine the chemical composition including condensed tannin content and its relationship with in vitro gas production of leaves from some trees and shrubs widely used for small ruminant animals in Turkey.

이론/모형

Dry matter (DM) was determined by drying the samples at 105℃ overnight and ash by igniting the samples in a muffle furnace at 525℃ for 8 h. Nitrogen (N) content was measured by the Kjeldahl method (AOAC, 1990). Crude protein was calculated as Nx6.
Significance between individual means was identified using the Tukey’s multiple range test (Pearse and Hartley, 1966).

성능/효과

Although at 12 and 24 h incubation cumulative gas productions of Glycrrhiza glabra L were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus, Juniperus communis and Quercus libari L at 72 and 96 h incubation cumulative gas productions of Glycrrhiza glabra L were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus and Juniperus communis.
At 3 h incubation the cumulative gas production of Glycrrhiza glabra L was significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus, Juniperus communis and Pistica lentiscus whereas the cumulative gas production of Glycrrhiza glabra L at 6 h incubation was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the others exceptArbutus andrachne.
Potential gas production (A) of Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus whereas gas production rate (μ24) ofPistica lentiscus was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the others.
, 1996). The findings in this experiment supported the fact that the anti-nutritive factors like tannins may also contribute to reduction ofmicrobial activity.
The results obtained in this study suggested that browse species had a significant effect on chemical composition, gas production and estimated parameters of leaves. The ADF and total condensed tannin in leaves were negatively correlated with gas production and some estimated parameters.
, 1984). The tannin content of Quercus libari L obtained in this experiment fell towards the lower end of this range whereas TCT contents of leaves of Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Carpinus betilus, Juniperus communis and Pistacia lentiscus L higher than the upper level of this range. Therefore, supplementation of polyetyhylene glycol (PEG) can be recommended to reduce the detrimental effect of tannin in leaves.

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