Yuangklang, Chalermpon
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
,
Wanapat, M.
(Sakon Nakhon Agricultural Research and Training Center, Rajamangala Institute of Technology)
,
Wachirapakorn, C.
(Sakon Nakhon Agricultural Research and Training Center, Rajamangala Institute of Technology)
Four male crossbred beef steers about 2 years old were used in a 4$\{times}$4 Latin square design to investigate the effect of pelleted sugarcane tops on voluntary feed intake, rumen fermentation and digestibility of nutrients. Experimental treatments were; Control (dried-chopped sugarcan...
Four male crossbred beef steers about 2 years old were used in a 4$\{times}$4 Latin square design to investigate the effect of pelleted sugarcane tops on voluntary feed intake, rumen fermentation and digestibility of nutrients. Experimental treatments were; Control (dried-chopped sugarcane tops (DCST)); PS1 (Pelleted sugarcane tops at 1 cm of diameter); PS2 (Pelleted sugarcane tops at 2 cm of diameter) and PS3 (Pelleted sugarcane tops at 3 cm of diameter). Roughage intake and total dry matter intake were 1.59, 1.62, 1.61, 1.63% BW and 2.09, 2.12, 2.11 and 2.13% BW in control, PS1, PS2 and PS3 treatments, respectively (p<0.05). Digestibility of DM, OM and CP were similar in control and PS3 treatment but there was significant difference (p<0.05) between control and PS1, PS2 treatments. Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were 52.89, 50.01, 50.05 and 50.56% and 41.91, 39.96, 39.91 and 39.69% in control, PS1, PS2 and PS3, respectively (p<0.05). Total volatile fatty acids concentrations in rumen contents was 67.68, 65.93, 66.15 and 66.67 mM in control, PS1, PS2 and PS3, respectively (p<0.05). Even though, concentrations of acetate and butyrate (%) were significant different (p0.05). Rumen pH, ammonia nitrogen and plasma urea nitrogen were significantly different (p<0.05) among treatments. From this experiment, it was found that dried-chopped sugarcane tops increased digestibility of nutrients whereas pelleted sugarcane tops increased feed intake in beef cattle. However, pelleted sugarcane tops at 3 cm of diameter did similar result in digestibility and rumen parameters with DCST. Therefore, it could be concluded that pelleting sugarcane top is an alternative way to improve the quality of sugarcane tops for use as ruminant roughage source.
Four male crossbred beef steers about 2 years old were used in a 4$\{times}$4 Latin square design to investigate the effect of pelleted sugarcane tops on voluntary feed intake, rumen fermentation and digestibility of nutrients. Experimental treatments were; Control (dried-chopped sugarcane tops (DCST)); PS1 (Pelleted sugarcane tops at 1 cm of diameter); PS2 (Pelleted sugarcane tops at 2 cm of diameter) and PS3 (Pelleted sugarcane tops at 3 cm of diameter). Roughage intake and total dry matter intake were 1.59, 1.62, 1.61, 1.63% BW and 2.09, 2.12, 2.11 and 2.13% BW in control, PS1, PS2 and PS3 treatments, respectively (p<0.05). Digestibility of DM, OM and CP were similar in control and PS3 treatment but there was significant difference (p<0.05) between control and PS1, PS2 treatments. Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were 52.89, 50.01, 50.05 and 50.56% and 41.91, 39.96, 39.91 and 39.69% in control, PS1, PS2 and PS3, respectively (p<0.05). Total volatile fatty acids concentrations in rumen contents was 67.68, 65.93, 66.15 and 66.67 mM in control, PS1, PS2 and PS3, respectively (p<0.05). Even though, concentrations of acetate and butyrate (%) were significant different (p0.05). Rumen pH, ammonia nitrogen and plasma urea nitrogen were significantly different (p<0.05) among treatments. From this experiment, it was found that dried-chopped sugarcane tops increased digestibility of nutrients whereas pelleted sugarcane tops increased feed intake in beef cattle. However, pelleted sugarcane tops at 3 cm of diameter did similar result in digestibility and rumen parameters with DCST. Therefore, it could be concluded that pelleting sugarcane top is an alternative way to improve the quality of sugarcane tops for use as ruminant roughage source.
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제안 방법
Sugarcane tops were chopped about 2-3 inches and sundried for 3-4 days. Dried-chopped sugarcane tops were ground pass through a 3 mm screen and mixed with other compositions and the mixtures were pelleted by pellet instrument (Orietal Electric Industry Model Super Line 15 HP 4 POLE TYPE SE-J, Thailand) for different size of diameters according to experimental treatments. Pelleted sugarcane-tops were sun-dried for 2-3 days before use.
9 kg (mean±SD). Each period was lasted for 21 days; 14 days was used to measure feed intake and last 7 days was used to measure digestibility by using total collection method (Schnieder and Flatt, 1975); 2 days for adaptation on the crate and last 5 days for sample collection. Experimental treatments were; Control (Dried-chopped sugarcane tops (DCST)); PS1 (Pelleted sugarcane-tops (1 cm diameter)); PS2) Pelleted sugarcane-tops (2 cm diameter) and PS3 (Pelleted sugarcane-tops (3 cm diameter).
Each period was lasted for 21 days; 14 days was used to measure feed intake and last 7 days was used to measure digestibility by using total collection method (Schnieder and Flatt, 1975); 2 days for adaptation on the crate and last 5 days for sample collection. Experimental treatments were; Control (Dried-chopped sugarcane tops (DCST)); PS1 (Pelleted sugarcane-tops (1 cm diameter)); PS2) Pelleted sugarcane-tops (2 cm diameter) and PS3 (Pelleted sugarcane-tops (3 cm diameter). The DSCT and all pelleted sugarcane tops were mixed with 40% molasses, 16% cassava meal and 4% cement.
There is, however, very few literature focusing on alternative way to use sugarcane-tops as ruminant feeds. Thus, this present experiment was studied the effects of pelleted sugarcane-tops on voluntary feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef cattle.
이론/모형
Data were subjected to analysis of variance using GLM procedure (SAS, 1996). Treatment means were compared using Duncan’s new multiple range test (Steel and Torries, 1960).
Feed and feces samples were dried at 60℃ for 72 h; ground and analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and ash by the method of AOAC (1990). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and Acid detergent lignin (ADL) were measured by the method of Goering and Van Soest (1970).
Feed and feces samples were dried at 60℃ for 72 h; ground and analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and ash by the method of AOAC (1990). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and Acid detergent lignin (ADL) were measured by the method of Goering and Van Soest (1970). Digestibility of nutrient was calculated as nutrient intake-nutrient in fecesxnutrient intake-1x100 (Schneider and Flatt, 1977).
Treatment means were compared using Duncan’s new multiple range test (Steel and Torries, 1960).
Data were subjected to analysis of variance using GLM procedure (SAS, 1996). Treatment means were compared using Duncan’s new multiple range test (Steel and Torries, 1960). The statistical significant was considered at p<0.
성능/효과
Moreover, decreasing rumen pH has been known to increase concentration of propionate by rumen bacterial activity (Van Soest, 1994). In this experiment, it was showed that pelleted sugarcane tops decreased rumen pH when compared with control treatment, but concentration of propionate was not changed (Table 4). Concentration of butyrate was higher in pelleted sugarcane tops treatments than in control treatment (p<0.
The chemical compositions of experimental treatments were similar in the percentage of DM, CP, Ash, NDF, ADF and ADL. The percentages of NDF and ADF of PS1, PS2 and PS3 were likely suitable to use as roughage source in ruminants, but the percentage of CP was low.
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