An experiment was conducted to produce eggs enriched with vitamins $D_3$, K and iron in eggs. Six hundred 97-wk-old ISA Brown force molted hens were allocated to completely randomized block arrangement of six dietary treatments: T1; control (C), T2; C+4,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+2.5...
An experiment was conducted to produce eggs enriched with vitamins $D_3$, K and iron in eggs. Six hundred 97-wk-old ISA Brown force molted hens were allocated to completely randomized block arrangement of six dietary treatments: T1; control (C), T2; C+4,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+2.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T3; C+8,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+5.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T4; C+12,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+7.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T5; C+16,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+10.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T6; C+20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+12.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe. Fe was supplemented with Fe-methionine. Each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages with two birds per cage. Egg production and egg weight were highest in T2 and incidence of soft and broken egg was highest in T6. Haugh unit was not different among treatments although it tended to be increased as dietary vitamins $D_3$ and K increased. Eggshell strength was not different among treatment. Concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and K in egg yolk increased and plateaued approximately 20 days after feeding supplemented diets. The level of these vitamins peaked at 12,000 IU/kg vitamin $D_3$ and 7.5 mg/kg vitamin K supplementation and then decreased at the higher than these supplementation levels. The peak concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and vitamin K were 4.6 times and 4.8 times greater than the control, respectively. Supplementary Fe also increased Fe content in egg yolk. It is concluded that vitamin $D_3$ and K in eggs can be effectively enriched by proper supplementation time and level of these vitamins.
An experiment was conducted to produce eggs enriched with vitamins $D_3$, K and iron in eggs. Six hundred 97-wk-old ISA Brown force molted hens were allocated to completely randomized block arrangement of six dietary treatments: T1; control (C), T2; C+4,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+2.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T3; C+8,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+5.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T4; C+12,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+7.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T5; C+16,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+10.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T6; C+20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+12.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe. Fe was supplemented with Fe-methionine. Each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages with two birds per cage. Egg production and egg weight were highest in T2 and incidence of soft and broken egg was highest in T6. Haugh unit was not different among treatments although it tended to be increased as dietary vitamins $D_3$ and K increased. Eggshell strength was not different among treatment. Concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and K in egg yolk increased and plateaued approximately 20 days after feeding supplemented diets. The level of these vitamins peaked at 12,000 IU/kg vitamin $D_3$ and 7.5 mg/kg vitamin K supplementation and then decreased at the higher than these supplementation levels. The peak concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and vitamin K were 4.6 times and 4.8 times greater than the control, respectively. Supplementary Fe also increased Fe content in egg yolk. It is concluded that vitamin $D_3$ and K in eggs can be effectively enriched by proper supplementation time and level of these vitamins.
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제안 방법
Water and feed were available for ad libitum consumption. Fifty eggs from each treatment were collected weekly at random to measure egg quality such as eggshell strength, egg yolk color and Haugh units. Haugh unit was calculated using the HU formula (Eisen et al.
Keshavarz (1996) reported that increasing the vitamin D3 level from 250 to 2,000 ppm decreased the number of cracked eggs. The result of the laying performance was not clear enough to draw any conclusion about the effects of dietary supplementation of graded levels of vitamins D3 and K while the main objective of this experiment was to investigate the transfer of dietary vitamins D3 and K and Fe to eggs.
대상 데이터
Six hundred 87 wk-old ISA Brown molted laying hens were allotted to one of six treatments. One hundred birds were assigned to each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages (2 birds per cage). Treatments are shown in Table 1.
Six hundred 87 wk-old ISA Brown molted laying hens were allotted to one of six treatments. One hundred birds were assigned to each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages (2 birds per cage).
데이터처리
Significant differences among treatment means were determined using Duncan’s multiple range test at p<0.05.
The results obtained from experiments were analyzed by ANOVA using GLM procedure of SAS® (SAS Institute, 1985). Significant differences among treatment means were determined using Duncan’s multiple range test at p<0.05.
The results obtained from experiments were analyzed by ANOVA using GLM procedure of SAS® (SAS Institute, 1985).
Cholecalciferol and menadione sodium bisulfite were used to make standard solutions. The results obtained from experiments were analyzed by ANOVA using GLM procedure of SAS® (SAS Institute, 1985). Significant differences among treatment means were determined using Duncan’s multiple range test at p<0.
이론/모형
Egg yolks of five eggs were pooled and served for the analysis of vitamins. Iron content of egg yolk was analyzed by the method of AOAC (1997) using ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy, Jovon Yvon, JY-24, France). Vitamin D3 and K of egg yolk were analyzed by the method of Ueda (1987) using HPLC (Gilson 305 system, France).
Iron content of egg yolk was analyzed by the method of AOAC (1997) using ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy, Jovon Yvon, JY-24, France). Vitamin D3 and K of egg yolk were analyzed by the method of Ueda (1987) using HPLC (Gilson 305 system, France). The results were expressed per 100 g fresh egg base.
성능/효과
In conclusion, vitamins D3 and K in eggs can be effectively enriched by feeding diets supplemented with 12,000 IU vitamin D3 and 7.5 mg vitamin K/kg of diet for 20 days. Compared to the control, the maximum levels achieved by these supplementation were 4.
참고문헌 (14)
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SAS Institute. 1985. $SAS^{\circledR}$ User's Guide: Statistics. 6 Ed. SAS institute Inc., Cary, NC.
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Ueda, T. 1987. New solvent system for extraction of tocopherols from biological specimens for HPLC determination and the evaluation of 2, 2, 5, 7, 8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol as an internal standard. J. Micronutrient Analysis 3:185.
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