Tao, X.
(Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Feed Science Institute Zhejiang University)
,
Xu, Z.R.
(Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Feed Science Institute Zhejiang University)
,
Han, X.Y.
(Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Feed Science Institute Zhejiang University)
,
Wang, Y.Z.
(Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Feed Science Institute Zhejiang University)
,
Zhou, L.H.
(Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Feed Science Institute Zhejiang University)
Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), glutathione transferase (GST) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities were analyzed in serum, livers and kidneys of pigs treated with graded doses of fluori...
Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), glutathione transferase (GST) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities were analyzed in serum, livers and kidneys of pigs treated with graded doses of fluoride (as NaF). Ninety-six Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs (48 barrows and 48 gilts, respectively), with similar initial weight 24.14${\pm}$1.12kg, were randomly assigned to four different treatments. These treatments containing the following added F: basal control; 50 mg/kg F; 100 mg/kg F and 150 mg/kg F were randomly assigned to four pens (three barrows and three gilts) each in a completely randomized design. The results showed pigs treated with 150 mg/kg F significantly decreased average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.05) and increased feed/gain ratio (F/G) (p<0.05) compared to the controls. In the groups treated with fluoride, the contents of MDA increased, T-AOC levels and the activities of SOD, GSH-PX, CAT, GST and XOD decreased, and most of which altered significantly (p<0.05). The study therefore indicated the mechanism of excess fluoride on the impairment of soft tissues involved in lipid peroxidation and decreased the activities of some enzymes associated with free radical metabolism.
Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), glutathione transferase (GST) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities were analyzed in serum, livers and kidneys of pigs treated with graded doses of fluoride (as NaF). Ninety-six Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs (48 barrows and 48 gilts, respectively), with similar initial weight 24.14${\pm}$1.12kg, were randomly assigned to four different treatments. These treatments containing the following added F: basal control; 50 mg/kg F; 100 mg/kg F and 150 mg/kg F were randomly assigned to four pens (three barrows and three gilts) each in a completely randomized design. The results showed pigs treated with 150 mg/kg F significantly decreased average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.05) and increased feed/gain ratio (F/G) (p<0.05) compared to the controls. In the groups treated with fluoride, the contents of MDA increased, T-AOC levels and the activities of SOD, GSH-PX, CAT, GST and XOD decreased, and most of which altered significantly (p<0.05). The study therefore indicated the mechanism of excess fluoride on the impairment of soft tissues involved in lipid peroxidation and decreased the activities of some enzymes associated with free radical metabolism.
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제안 방법
6 ppm in drinking water. Feed intake per pen was recorded for the experimental period, and each pig was weighed at the beginning and the end of experiment to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain ratio (F/G).
MDA, T-AOC levels and SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, XOD and GST activities in serum were analyzed by the above methods, the results were expressed as nmol/ml (MDA), U/L (XOD) or units per millilitre of serum (U/ml).
MDA, T-AOC levels and SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, XOD and GST activities in serum were analyzed by the above methods, the results were expressed as nmol/ml (MDA), U/L (XOD) or units per millilitre of serum (U/ml).
The supernatant obtained was further centrifuged at 12,000 g for 20 min at 4°C to obtain the postmitochondrial supernatant, which was used for the assays of T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, XOD, CAT and GST.
The homogenate that was centrifuged at 1,000 g for 20 min at 4℃ was used for the estimation of lipid peroxidation. The supernatant obtained was further centrifuged at 12,000 g for 20 min at 4℃ to obtain the postmitochondrial supernatant, which was used for the assays of T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, XOD, CAT and GST.
이론/모형
One unit of the SOD represents the amount of enzyme required to produce 50% inhibition of NBT reduction per minute. CAT activity was assayed by the method of Aebi (1984) based on the direct measurement of H2O2 decomposition at 25℃. One unit of CAT activity represents 1 μmol H2O2 decomposed per min.
Lipid peroxidation was measured via the thiobarbituric acid color reaction for malondialdehyde (MDA) by the method of Wills (1966). The results were expressed as nmol MDA formed per milligram of protein (nmol/mgprot).
The data were analyzed by analysis of variance for repeated measures using the general linear models procedure of SAS (Version 6.12). Significance was evaluated at the 0.
All the enzyme activities were expressed as units per milligram of protein except for XOD (as units per gram of protein (U/gprot). The protein content was determined by the method of Bradford (1976) with crystalline bovine serum albumin as a standard.
성능/효과
As shown the above expressed, activity decrease of each among them would induce increased free radicals, and so injuring the corresponding tissues. In this study, the results showed that all of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activities were decreased in serum, livers and kidneys. Decreased SOD levels indicate the product of O2- radicals increased by lowered ability of the tissues that can scavenge free radicals, and similarly increased H2O2 in the tissues by decreased GSH-Px and CAT activities.
Our results indicated that 37.39 mg/kg F in diets is enough to meet growing pigs, when the content of fluorine was higher, and then a decreased tendency of growth performance had been observed.
,es (Kapoor and Prasad, 1991) also showed that excessive fluorine in diets significantly lowered animal performances. Our results indicated that 37.39 ㎎/㎏ F in diets is enough to meet growing pigs, when the content of fluorine was higher, and then a decreased tendency of growth performance had been observed.
05). The results confirmed that tissue concentrations of fluorine increased in response to an increase in dietary fluorine concentration.
05). The results confirmed that tissue concentrations of fluorine increased in response to an increase in dietary fluorine concentration.
후속연구
, 2004). Depending on this, in this study we mainly assess the effects of fluorosis on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in serum, livers and kidneys of growing/finishing pigs, so as to further research the mechanism of fluorosis injuring soft tissues in animals and humans.
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