A flock of Arbor Acres chickens were reared in cages and provided with high energy pelleted feed. At 14 d of age, a total of 350 birds were separated into 3 groups randomly as follows: 100 birds were exposed to ambient temperature of 20$^{\circ}C$ as a control group, 150 birds were expose...
A flock of Arbor Acres chickens were reared in cages and provided with high energy pelleted feed. At 14 d of age, a total of 350 birds were separated into 3 groups randomly as follows: 100 birds were exposed to ambient temperature of 20$^{\circ}C$ as a control group, 150 birds were exposed to lower ambient temperature of 11$^{\circ}C$ to induce ascites (group I), and another group of 100 birds were exposed to lower ambient temperature of 11$^{\circ}C$ and fed diet containing 1% L-arginine for ascitic prophylactic treatment (group II). Blood and tissue samples (lung and liver) were collected from chickens at 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 wk of age subsequently, to analyze the concentration and activities of free radicals, mononaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nitric Oxide (NO) and Nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The results showed that the prevalence of ascites in the control, group I and group II was 3%, 9.33% and 3% respectively (p<0.01). The concentration of free radicals in the lungs of 3 wks old preascitic broilers in group I was significantly higher than in the corresponding control group (p<0.05). The concentrations of free radicals in lung and liver in the 7 wk period, and that of NO and SOD in the plasma were significantly lower in group I than in the control group (p<0.01). However, the accumulated MDA contents in group I were higher than in the control group and group II (p<0.05), respectively. In the same way, the activity of NOS in group II was higher than both group I and control group (p0.05), and also insignificant difference between NOS in group I and the control group (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate that there was a significant decrease in the concentration of MDA in group II. On the other hand, the concentration of free radicals decreased and MDA concentration increased in group I during the 7 wk period. The reduction in concentration of MDA in group II, following arginine supplementation may be associated with the scavenging activity of NO.
A flock of Arbor Acres chickens were reared in cages and provided with high energy pelleted feed. At 14 d of age, a total of 350 birds were separated into 3 groups randomly as follows: 100 birds were exposed to ambient temperature of 20$^{\circ}C$ as a control group, 150 birds were exposed to lower ambient temperature of 11$^{\circ}C$ to induce ascites (group I), and another group of 100 birds were exposed to lower ambient temperature of 11$^{\circ}C$ and fed diet containing 1% L-arginine for ascitic prophylactic treatment (group II). Blood and tissue samples (lung and liver) were collected from chickens at 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 wk of age subsequently, to analyze the concentration and activities of free radicals, mononaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nitric Oxide (NO) and Nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The results showed that the prevalence of ascites in the control, group I and group II was 3%, 9.33% and 3% respectively (p<0.01). The concentration of free radicals in the lungs of 3 wks old preascitic broilers in group I was significantly higher than in the corresponding control group (p<0.05). The concentrations of free radicals in lung and liver in the 7 wk period, and that of NO and SOD in the plasma were significantly lower in group I than in the control group (p<0.01). However, the accumulated MDA contents in group I were higher than in the control group and group II (p<0.05), respectively. In the same way, the activity of NOS in group II was higher than both group I and control group (p0.05), and also insignificant difference between NOS in group I and the control group (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate that there was a significant decrease in the concentration of MDA in group II. On the other hand, the concentration of free radicals decreased and MDA concentration increased in group I during the 7 wk period. The reduction in concentration of MDA in group II, following arginine supplementation may be associated with the scavenging activity of NO.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
제안 방법
Although considerable attention has focused on the ascites, little is known about how free radical activity may affect pulmonary function during the ascites. The objective of this trial deals with the effects of cold induce oxygen free radicals on plasma concentration of MDA, SOD, NO and NOS in broiler chickens.
데이터처리
Statistical analysis ofthe results was performed with the use of SAS statistical software by analysis of variance (SAS Institute, 1994). A p value <0.
참고문헌 (29)
Barnes, P. J. 1990. Reactive oxygen species and airway inflammation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 9:235-243.
Bottje, W. G., B. Enkvetchakul, R. Moore and R. McNew. 1995a. Robert Moore: Effect of a-tocopherol on antioxidants, lipid peroxidation and the incidence of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) in broilers. Poult. Sci. 74:1356-1369.
Bottje, W. G. and R. F. Wideman. 1995b. Potential role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Poult. Av. Biol. Rev. 6:211-231.
Cawthon, D., M. Iqbal, J. Brand, R. McNew and W. G. Bottje. 2004. Investigation of proton conductance in liver mitochondria of broilers with pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Poult. Sci. 83(2):259-265.
Dawson, Y. L., G. L. Gores and A. L. Nieminen. 1993. Mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species during reductive stress in rats hepatocytes. Am. J. Phy. 264:C961-967.
Dorota, M. K., H. Tomasz, P. Jacek and P. Janusz. 2003. The effect of brief food withdrawal on the level of free radicals and other parameters of oxidative status in the liver. Med. Sci. Monit. 9(3):BR131-135.
Fridovich, I. 1978. The biology of oxygen radicals. Sci. 201:875-880.
Green, L. C., D. A. Wagner and J. Glogowsh. 1987. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite and nitrate in biological fluids. Anal. Bioch. 126:131-138.
Han, B., S. S. Yoon, H. R. Han and X. L. Wang. 2004a. Effects of L-arginine on endothelium derived factors and cyclic nucleotides in broilers under low ambient temperature. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17(11):1570-1581.
Han, B., S. S. Yoon, J. L. Su, H. R. Han, M. Wang, W. J. Qu and D. B. Zhong. 2004b. Effects of selenium, copper and magnesium on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in bovine fluorosis. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17(12):1695-1699.
Iqbal, M., D. Cawthon, R. F. Wideman and W. G. Bottje. 2001. Lung mitochondrial dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension syndrome. II. Oxidative stress and inability to improve function with repeated additions of adenosine diphosphate. Poult. Sci. 80(5):656-665.
Iqbal, M., D. Cawthon, K. Beers, R. F. Wideman and W. G. Bottje. 2002. Antioxidant enzyme activities and mitochondrial fatty acids in pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) in broilers. Poult. Sci. 81(2):252-60.
Maxwell, M. H., G. W. Robertson and C. Farquharson. 1996. Evidence of ultracytochemical mitochodria-derived hydrogen peroxide activity in myocardial cells from broiler chickens with an ascitic syndrome. Res. Vet. Sci. 61(1):7-12.
Mirsalimi, S. M., R. J. Julian and E. J. Squires. 1993. Effect of hypobaric hypoxia on slow- and fast-growing chickens fed diets with high and low protein levels. Avain Disease 37:660-667.
Moreno, S. M. and A. Hernandez. 2003. Nitric oxide synthase expression in the endothelium of pulmonary arterioles in normal and pulmonary hypertensive chickens subjected to chronic hypobaric hypoxia. Avian Dis. 47(4):1291-1297.
Nebot, C., M. Moutet, P. Huet, J. Z. Xu, J. C. Yadan and J. Chaudiere. 1993. Spectrophotometric assay of superoxide dismutase activity based on the activated autoxidation of a tetracyclic catechol. Anal. Biochem. 214:442-451.
Park, Y. and J. P. Kehre. 1991. Oxidative changes in hypoxicreoxygenatedrabbit heart: a consequence of hypoxia rather than reoxygenation. Free Radical Research Communication. 14:179-185.
Rengasamy, A. and R. A. Johns. 1993. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by a superoxide generating system. Journal of Pharmocology and Experimental Therapeutics 267:1024-1027.
Sala, R., E. Moriggi, G. Corvasce and D. Morelli. 1993. Protection by N-acetylcysteine against pulmonary endothelial cell damage induced by oxidant injury. Euro. Resp. J. 6(3):440-446
SAS. 1994. SAS/STAT User's Guide: SAS Institute Inc., Cary. North Carolina.
Seccombe, J. F., P. J. Pearson and H. V. Schaff. 1994. Oxygen radical-mediated vascular injury selectively inhibits receptordependent release of nitric oxide from canine coronary artery cells. J. Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 107:505-509.
Shah, A. M. and P. A. MacCarthy. 2000. Paracrine and autocrine effects of nitric oxide on myocardial function. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 86(1):49-86.
Wang, W., N. Inoue, T. Nakayama, M. Ishii and T. Kato. 1995. An assay method for nitric oxide synthase in crude samples by determining product NADP. Anal. Bioch. 227:274-280.
Wideman, R. F., M. Ismail, Y. K. Kirby, W. G. Bottje, R. W. Moore and R. C. Vardeman. 1995. Furosemide reduces the incidence of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) in broilers exposed to cool environmental temperatures. Poult. Sci. 74:314-322.
Yagi, K. 1976. A simlpe fluorometric assay for lipoperoxide in blood plasma. Biochem. Med. 15:212-216.
Zhang, L. J., Q. K. Yang and J. L. Sun. 2000. Study on the free radicals of soybean leaves in feeded with 1, 7 races of cercospora sojina hara. Soy. Sci. 19(1):21-25.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.