Baah, J.
(Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre)
,
Shelford, J.A.
(Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of British Columbia)
,
Hristov, A.N.
(Department of Animal Science, Univ. of Idaho)
,
McAllister, T.A.
(Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre)
,
Cheng, K.J.
(Institute of BioAgricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica)
The effects of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 and a mixture of fibrolytic enzymes on total tract digestion, in situ disappearance (ISD) and ruminal fermentation characteristics of orchardgrass hay and barley grain were investigated in a 4${\times}$4 Latin square experiment with 4 non-la...
The effects of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 and a mixture of fibrolytic enzymes on total tract digestion, in situ disappearance (ISD) and ruminal fermentation characteristics of orchardgrass hay and barley grain were investigated in a 4${\times}$4 Latin square experiment with 4 non-lactating Holstein cows and 4 diets in 4 periods. Cows were offered a total mixed ration of 50% rolled barley grain and 50% orchardgrass hay treated with either 1) water (control), 2) 0.2% (vol/wt) Tween 80, 3) 0.2% (vol/wt) hydrolytic enzyme, or 4) 0.2% hydrolytic enzyme plus 0.2% Tween 80. Total tract digestibility coefficients of DM, nitrogen, NDF and ADF were not affected (p>0.05) by dietary treatment. Compared to the control, the rate of ISD of DM from orchardgrass hay was faster (p<0.05) in cows receiving diets treated with the enzyme alone or with enzyme plus Tween 80 (0.06/h vs. 0.076 and 0.069/h). The rate of digestion was lower (p0.05) by treatments. Cows that consumed diets treated with enzyme plus Tween 80 had higher (p<0.05) ruminal concentrations of propionate and isovalerate, and lower (p<0.05) acetate:propionate ratios. Compared to the control, microbial protein synthesis tended (p = 0.13) to increase with the addition of enzyme to the diet while nonammonia nitrogen flow to the duodenum increased (p<0.05) with both enzyme and Tween 80 treatments. The study indicated that fibrolytic enzymes alone or in combination with Tween 80 could enhance ISD of orchardgrass hay and ruminal concentrations of propionate, valerate and iso-valerate, but do not affect total tract digestibility.
The effects of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 and a mixture of fibrolytic enzymes on total tract digestion, in situ disappearance (ISD) and ruminal fermentation characteristics of orchardgrass hay and barley grain were investigated in a 4${\times}$4 Latin square experiment with 4 non-lactating Holstein cows and 4 diets in 4 periods. Cows were offered a total mixed ration of 50% rolled barley grain and 50% orchardgrass hay treated with either 1) water (control), 2) 0.2% (vol/wt) Tween 80, 3) 0.2% (vol/wt) hydrolytic enzyme, or 4) 0.2% hydrolytic enzyme plus 0.2% Tween 80. Total tract digestibility coefficients of DM, nitrogen, NDF and ADF were not affected (p>0.05) by dietary treatment. Compared to the control, the rate of ISD of DM from orchardgrass hay was faster (p<0.05) in cows receiving diets treated with the enzyme alone or with enzyme plus Tween 80 (0.06/h vs. 0.076 and 0.069/h). The rate of digestion was lower (p0.05) by treatments. Cows that consumed diets treated with enzyme plus Tween 80 had higher (p<0.05) ruminal concentrations of propionate and isovalerate, and lower (p<0.05) acetate:propionate ratios. Compared to the control, microbial protein synthesis tended (p = 0.13) to increase with the addition of enzyme to the diet while nonammonia nitrogen flow to the duodenum increased (p<0.05) with both enzyme and Tween 80 treatments. The study indicated that fibrolytic enzymes alone or in combination with Tween 80 could enhance ISD of orchardgrass hay and ruminal concentrations of propionate, valerate and iso-valerate, but do not affect total tract digestibility.
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제안 방법
On d 18 of each period, 5 g of the barley grain or orchardgrass hay ground to pass through a 2 mm screen was loaded into duplicate monofilament polyester bags (53 jim pore size, 5 cmx20 cm, Ankom, Fairport, NY, USA) and placed sequentially in the rumen of each cow to incubate for 72, 48, 24, 12, 8, 4 and 2 h. Staggered introduction enabled removal of all bags at the same time on d 21.
The objectives of the present experiment were to determine the effects of combining the nonionic surfactant, Tween 80 and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation, in situ disappearance and total tract digestibility of feeds in dairy cows.
대상 데이터
The control feed was treated with 20 ml of water per kg of feed. The feed consisted of 50% rolled whole barley grain and 50% orchardgrass hay (chopped through a 5-cm screen). The hay and grain portions of the diets were prepared separately each morning and combined to form a total mixed ration (TMR).
이론/모형
(1998). Dry matter and nitrogen were analyzed using AOAC (1990) procedures, whereas NDF and ADF were determined by the method of Van Soest et al. (1991), with amylase included in the procedure.
fraction b. Estimates of a, b, c and lag were calculated by an iterative non-linear procedure (Marquardt method) with the SAS (1990) software package. Effective disappearance (EFFD) of each component was determined using the following equation:
The estimated fractions and all other data were subjected to analysis of variance for 4x4 Latin square design using GLM procedures of SAS (1990). Data from the digestibility and disappearance experiments were analyzed using the following model:
성능/효과
(1998), and seems to suggest that both T and E may be having a greater effect on the fraction of DM in barley recovered in the soluble fraction (fraction a). It is possible that Tween 80 and the fibrolytic enzymes may be hydrolyzing endosperm cell walls of barley grain thereby enhancing the release of soluble cell constituents, an effect that would not necessarily increase the extent of DM disappearance as evidenced by the similarity in EFFD values reported in this study.
참고문헌 (24)
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