The study was conducted to compare the dry matter intake and digestibility of Atriplex halimus (AH) and Atriplex nummularia (AN) and determine the proper proportion of saltbushes for partial replacement of alfalfa hay in the diets of Awassi sheep. The foliage of AH and AN were hand-plucked, air-drie...
The study was conducted to compare the dry matter intake and digestibility of Atriplex halimus (AH) and Atriplex nummularia (AN) and determine the proper proportion of saltbushes for partial replacement of alfalfa hay in the diets of Awassi sheep. The foliage of AH and AN were hand-plucked, air-dried in shade and then chopped mechanically similar to alfalfa hay. Two trials were conducted separately to determine voluntary feed intake and digestibility of saltbush browse. In the first trial, fifteen 8 month old Awassi lambs were distributed into 3 equal groups, and each animal was housed in individual pen. Each group received one of three dietary treatments: chopped alfalfa hay (H), dried foliage of Atriplex nummularia or foliage of Atriplex halimus. In the second trial, twentyseven 12 months old Awassi male lambs were randomly selected, distributed into nine equal groups, and housed into metabolic crates. Each group of animals received one of nine dietary treatments: alfalfa hay, AN, AH and different proportions (25, 50 and 75%) of AN or AH mixed with alfalfa hay. Forage type had a significant (p<0.001) effect on dry matter intake (DMI) and growth rate of lambs of the voluntary feed intake trial. Lambs receiving the alfalfa hay diet showed high DMI and high growth rate compared to those fed the diets containing saltbush. In the digestibility trial, dietary treatments had significant (p<0.05) effect on DMI, dry matter digestibility (DMD) (p<0.01) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) (p<0.01). The inclusion of AN in the diet up to 50% had no significant effect on DMI and DMD, whereas the inclusion of AH above 25% reduced DMI, DMD and OMD. The treatments had significant (p<0.05) effect on water intake and on live weight changes of lambs. Except for the diet containing 25% of AN browse, all lambs fed diets containing the saltbushes exhibited loss in body weight. The nutritive value of Atriplex nummularia foliage is better than that of A. halimus and it is possible to replace up to 50% of alfalfa hay by A. nummularia without negative effects on intake and digestibility of dry matter.
The study was conducted to compare the dry matter intake and digestibility of Atriplex halimus (AH) and Atriplex nummularia (AN) and determine the proper proportion of saltbushes for partial replacement of alfalfa hay in the diets of Awassi sheep. The foliage of AH and AN were hand-plucked, air-dried in shade and then chopped mechanically similar to alfalfa hay. Two trials were conducted separately to determine voluntary feed intake and digestibility of saltbush browse. In the first trial, fifteen 8 month old Awassi lambs were distributed into 3 equal groups, and each animal was housed in individual pen. Each group received one of three dietary treatments: chopped alfalfa hay (H), dried foliage of Atriplex nummularia or foliage of Atriplex halimus. In the second trial, twentyseven 12 months old Awassi male lambs were randomly selected, distributed into nine equal groups, and housed into metabolic crates. Each group of animals received one of nine dietary treatments: alfalfa hay, AN, AH and different proportions (25, 50 and 75%) of AN or AH mixed with alfalfa hay. Forage type had a significant (p<0.001) effect on dry matter intake (DMI) and growth rate of lambs of the voluntary feed intake trial. Lambs receiving the alfalfa hay diet showed high DMI and high growth rate compared to those fed the diets containing saltbush. In the digestibility trial, dietary treatments had significant (p<0.05) effect on DMI, dry matter digestibility (DMD) (p<0.01) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) (p<0.01). The inclusion of AN in the diet up to 50% had no significant effect on DMI and DMD, whereas the inclusion of AH above 25% reduced DMI, DMD and OMD. The treatments had significant (p<0.05) effect on water intake and on live weight changes of lambs. Except for the diet containing 25% of AN browse, all lambs fed diets containing the saltbushes exhibited loss in body weight. The nutritive value of Atriplex nummularia foliage is better than that of A. halimus and it is possible to replace up to 50% of alfalfa hay by A. nummularia without negative effects on intake and digestibility of dry matter.
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문제 정의
The objectives of this study were to compare the dry matter intake and digestibility of Atriplex halimus and Atriplex nummularia and determine the proper proportion of saltbushes for partial replacement of alfalfa hay in the diets of Awassi sheep.
제안 방법
Fresh water was available to animals at all times. Daily feed intake of diets (difference between the offered feeds and refusals) for each animal was recorded for 17 days and representative samples of diets were taken daily and the composite samples were analyzed for chemical composition.
The feed intake model included treatment, replicate within treatment, day, treatment day interaction and residual error. Factors considered in statistical analysis were feed intake and body weight changes. For the digestibility trial, analysis of variance was performed on data using the SAS General Linear Model (GLM) procedure for a complete randomized design.
The weight change model included forage type, proportion of saltbush in the diet, the interaction of forage type and proportion of saltbush in the diet, and residual error. Factors considered in statistical analysis were weight changes, initial body weight and final body weight.
The nine dietary treatments were allocated randomly and each treatment was allocated to one group of three animals. The dietary treatments were T1 (100% H), T2 (75% H, 25% AN), T3 (50% H, 50% AN), T4 (25% H, 75% AN), T5 (100% AN), T6 (75% H, 25% AH), T7 (50% H, 50% AH), T8 (25% H, 75% AH) and T9 (100% AH). Daily feed intake of diets (difference between the offered feeds and refusals) and daily fecal output for each animal were recorded throughout the experiment.
Twenty-seven Awassi male lambs of twelve-months old and weighing between 49 to 53 kg were selected and housed in individual shaded pens (1.0 mx1.25 m) for 14 days before moving animals into metabolic crates to conduct the digestibility trial. During the 14-days adaptation period, feeding of penned animals was gradually shifted from the station's ration to the experimental diets.
대상 데이터
Fifteen Awassi lambs of nine months old and weighing between 30 to 35 kg were divided into 3 equal groups of five animals each. The animals were housed in individual pens (1.
The study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Jordan University for Science and Technology (JUST) located in Irbid, Jordan. The foliage of Atriplex halimus (AH) and A.
이론/모형
Factors considered in statistical analysis were feed intake and body weight changes. For the digestibility trial, analysis of variance was performed on data using the SAS General Linear Model (GLM) procedure for a complete randomized design. The digestibility model included treatment, replicate within treatment, day, treatment day interaction and residual error day.
The analysis of variance was performed on voluntary feed intake data using SAS General Linear Model (GLM) procedure for a complete randomized design (SAS, 1994). The feed intake model included treatment, replicate within treatment, day, treatment day interaction and residual error.
성능/효과
8 kg DM per head per day on saltbush and straw diet. All the ewes ended up with higher live weights and better body condition during a six-week experiment under pen feeding conditions and indicated that the browse of Atriplex nummularia meets the maintenance requirements of ewes when fed either alone or with barley straw.
The inclusion of Atriplex nummularia browse up to 75% in diets maintained DMD and OMD slightly above 50% whereas increasing the proportion of A. halimus above 25% reduced the digestibility substantially. The high DMD and OMD of A.
The DMI of alfalfa hay, AN at proportions of 25%, 50% and AH at 25% were not significantly different. The lowest DMI was obtained when AN and AH were fed solely to lambs, and when AH was fed at 75% in the diet. There were no significant differences in DMD between alfalfa hay and the two species of Atriplex when the browse was included at 25% in diet, and when AN browse was included at 50%.
The lowest DMI was obtained when AN and AH were fed solely to lambs, and when AH was fed at 75% in the diet. There were no significant differences in DMD between alfalfa hay and the two species of Atriplex when the browse was included at 25% in diet, and when AN browse was included at 50%. The inclusion of AN browse at 50% and 75% in the diet resulted in higher DMD as compared with AH at similar proportions.
The diets containing saltbushes showed lower digestibility of organic matter compared to alfalfa hay. There were no significant differences in OMD between AN at 25, 50 and 75% and AH at a proportion of 25% in diet. The OMD of AH declined steadily as the proportion of browse in diet increased from 25 to 100%.
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