Effect of Monensin and Fish Oil Supplementation on Biohydrogenation and CLA Production by Rumen Bacteria In vitro When Incubated with Safflower Oil원문보기
Wang, J.H.
(Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University)
,
Choi, S.H.
(Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University)
,
Yan, C.G.
(Department of Animal Science, Yan Bian University)
,
Song, M.K.
(Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University)
An in vitro study was conducted to examine the effect of monensin or fish oil addition on bio-hydrogenation of $C_{18^-} unsaturated fatty acids and CLA production by mixed ruminal bacteria when incubated with safflower oil. Commercially manufactured concentrate (1%, w/v) with safflower o...
An in vitro study was conducted to examine the effect of monensin or fish oil addition on bio-hydrogenation of $C_{18^-} unsaturated fatty acids and CLA production by mixed ruminal bacteria when incubated with safflower oil. Commercially manufactured concentrate (1%, w/v) with safflower oil (0.2%, w/v) were added to mixed solution (600 ml) of strained rumen fluid and McDougalls artificial saliva (control). Monensin $Rumensin^{(R)}$, 10 ppm, w/v, MO), mixed fish oil (0.02%, w/v, absorbed to 0.2 g alfalfa hay, FO) or similar amounts of monensin and fish oil (MO+FO) to MO and FO was also added into the control solution. All the culture solutions prepared were incubated in the culture jar anaerobically at $39^{\circ}C$ up to 12 h. Higher pH (p<0.047) and ammonia concentration (p<0.042) were observed from the culture solution containing MO at 12 h incubation than those from the culture solutions of control or FO. The MO supplementation increased (p<0.0001-0.007) propionate proportion of culture solution but reduced butyrate proportion at 6 h (p<0.018) and 12 h (p<0.001) of incubations. Supplementation of MO or MO+FO increased (p<0.001) the proportions of $C_{18:2}$. The MO alone reduced (p<0.022-0.025) the proportion of c9,t11-CLA compared to FO in all incubation times. The FO supplementation increased the proportion of c9,t11-CLA. An additive effect of MO to FO in the production of c9,t11-CLA was observed at 6 h incubation. In vitro supplementation of monensin reduced hydrogenation of $C_{18^-}$UFAs while fish oil supplementation increased the production of CLA.
An in vitro study was conducted to examine the effect of monensin or fish oil addition on bio-hydrogenation of $C_{18^-} unsaturated fatty acids and CLA production by mixed ruminal bacteria when incubated with safflower oil. Commercially manufactured concentrate (1%, w/v) with safflower oil (0.2%, w/v) were added to mixed solution (600 ml) of strained rumen fluid and McDougalls artificial saliva (control). Monensin $Rumensin^{(R)}$, 10 ppm, w/v, MO), mixed fish oil (0.02%, w/v, absorbed to 0.2 g alfalfa hay, FO) or similar amounts of monensin and fish oil (MO+FO) to MO and FO was also added into the control solution. All the culture solutions prepared were incubated in the culture jar anaerobically at $39^{\circ}C$ up to 12 h. Higher pH (p<0.047) and ammonia concentration (p<0.042) were observed from the culture solution containing MO at 12 h incubation than those from the culture solutions of control or FO. The MO supplementation increased (p<0.0001-0.007) propionate proportion of culture solution but reduced butyrate proportion at 6 h (p<0.018) and 12 h (p<0.001) of incubations. Supplementation of MO or MO+FO increased (p<0.001) the proportions of $C_{18:2}$. The MO alone reduced (p<0.022-0.025) the proportion of c9,t11-CLA compared to FO in all incubation times. The FO supplementation increased the proportion of c9,t11-CLA. An additive effect of MO to FO in the production of c9,t11-CLA was observed at 6 h incubation. In vitro supplementation of monensin reduced hydrogenation of $C_{18^-}$UFAs while fish oil supplementation increased the production of CLA.
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제안 방법
Rumen contents were collected at 3 h after morning feeding (0700) from two ruminally cannulated Holstein cows fed 5 kg of corn silage (60%) and concentrate (40%) for the middle lactating period on a DM basis twice daily in an equal portion and were mixed in equal portions. Analyzed contents of crude protein, ether extracts and neutral detergent fiber in concentrate were 15.
Rumen contents were collected at 3 h after morning feeding (0700) from two ruminally cannulated Holstein cows fed 5 kg of corn silage (60%) and concentrate (40%) for the middle lactating period on a DM basis twice daily in an equal portion and were mixed in equal portions.
데이터처리
The results obtained were subjected to least squares analysis of variance according to the general linear models procedure of SAS (1985) and the data among treatments were compared using S-N-K Test (Steel and Torrie, 1980).
The results obtained were subjected to least squares analysis of variance according to the general linear models procedure of SAS (1985) and the data among treatments were compared using S-N-K Test (Steel and Torrie, 1980).
이론/모형
All samples collected were kept frozen at -20℃ until analyzed Ammonia concentration was determined by the method of Fawcett and Scott (1960) using the spectrophotometer (DU650).
pH of culture solution was measured at the incubation times of 3, 6 and 12 h by inserting the prove of pH meter into the culture solution in the jar, and 5 ml culture solution was collected for ammonia and VFA analysis. All samples collected were kept frozen at -20℃ until analyzed Ammonia concentration was determined by the method of Fawcett and Scott (1960) using the spectrophotometer (DU650). Four mls culture solution were mixed with 1 ml 25% phosphoric acid and 0.
Methylation of the lipids extracted followed the method of Lepage and Roy (1986) prior to injecting into the GC using a fused silica capillary column (100 mx0.25 mm, i.d.x0.20 μm thickness, Supelco, SPTM-2,560, USA).
성능/효과
Further study, therefore, is required to examine how the fish oil act on lipolysis, hydrogenation of UFAs and CLA production by rumen bacteria. In conclusion, in vitro supplementation of monensin increased pH, ammonia concentration and propionate proportion in the culture solution, but reduced hydrogenation of C18-UFAs. Meanwhile, fish oil did not affect the fermentation characteristics, but increased the production of CLA.
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