[논문]Microsatellite Polymorphism and Genetic Relationship in Dog Breeds in Korea

Cho, G.J.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.1071

Microsatellite Polymorphism and Genetic Relationship in Dog Breeds in Korea 원문보기

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, v.18 no.8, 2005년, pp.1071 - 1074

Cho, G.J. (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Microsatellite polymorphism and their genetic relationships were estimated using genotype information of 183 dogs from 11 microsatellite loci. The breeds include the indigenous Korean breeds Jindo dog (30), Poongsan dog (20) and Miryang dog (44) together with Chihauhau dog (31) and German Shepherd dog (58). Jindo dogs showed the highest expected heterozygosity (0.796${\pm}$0.030) and polymorphic information contents (0.755) in all populations. The phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of two distinct clusters supported by high bootstrap values: the Korean native dogs and other dogs. They clearly show that Poongsan dog and Miryang dog are closely related to each other when compared with Jindo dog. Microsatellite polymorphism data was shown to be useful for estimating the genetic relationship between Korean native dogs and other dog breeds, and also can be applied for parentage testing in those dog breeds.

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가설 설정

H7 :expected total heterozygosity Hs : Expected within total heterozygosity .
* All breeds examined, Ht： expected total heterozygosity. Hs： expected within total heterozygosity, G_st： Gene differentiation.

대상 데이터

Eleven microsatellite markers, FHC2010, FHC2054, FHC2079, PEZ1, PEZ6, PEZ8, PEZ10, PEZ11, PEZ12, PEZ15 and PEZ17 were used for the analysis of the dog breeds, and the primers are given in Table 1. PCR was accomplished in a total volume of 10 μl of the following mixture: 40 ng of genomic DNA, primer mix, 25 mM of MgCl₂, 1.

이론/모형

, 1998). Genetic variability estimates of average observed heterozygosity, expected total heterozygosity (H_T), expected within population heterozygosity (H_S), coefficient of gene differentiation (G_st), total and mean number of alleles per population were calculated using DISPAN (Ota, 1993). Genetic differences among populations were estimated by calculating the Da genetic distance (Nei et al.
, 1998). Genetic variability estimates of average observed heterozygosity, expected total heterozygosity (H_T), expected within population heterozygosity (H_S), coefficient of gene differentiation (G_st), total and mean number of alleles per population were calculated using DISPAN (Ota, 1993). Genetic differences among populations were estimated by calculating the Da genetic distance (Nei et al.
Miryang dog raised in southern counties is similar to Jindo dog. Genomic DNAs from samples were extracted using MagExtractor System MFX-2000 (Toyobo, Japan) according to the manufacturer's protocols (Tozaki et al., 2001).
The internal size standard Genescan-ROX 400 (Applied Biosystems, USA) was used for sizing alleles. In addition, sample No. 1 from the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) 2004 comparison test was used as reference to standardize allele sizes.
, 1983). Phylogenetic trees were constructed from D_A genetic distance matrix according to the neighbor-joining (NJ) method (Saitou and Nei, 1987) implemented by DISPAN (Ota, 1993). Also, each breed genetic distances based on allele sharing was analyzed using Microsat (Minch et al.

성능/효과

, 2003). In this study, the largest Da (0.5448) and D_s (1.2443) distances were observed between Miryang dog and German Shepherd, and the smallest Da (0.1622) and D_s (0.1535) distances between Chihauhau dog and Jindo dog. Takezaki and Nei (1996) proved that for reconstruction of phylogenetic trees it is important to study a large number of loci.
, 2003). In this study, the largest Da (0.5448) and D_s (1.2443) distances were observed between Miryang dog and German Shepherd, and the smallest Da (0.1622) and D_s (0.1535) distances between Chihauhau dog and Jindo dog. Takezaki and Nei (1996) proved that for reconstruction of phylogenetic trees it is important to study a large number of loci.
The relatively low number of analysed microsatellite did not influence the dendrogram topology, as only five branches were distinguished. In this study, the phylogenetic tree showed two distinct clusters, Korean native dogs (Poongsan, Miryang, and Jindo) and other dog breeds (Chihauhau and German Shepherd). They clearly show that Poongsan dog and Miryang dog are closely related to each other when compared with Jindo dog.
In this study, the studied loci were more polymorphic in Jindo dogs than in other dog breeds, demonstrating that Jindo dogs have retained the largest amount of genetic variation of all the populations studied. In addition, Jindo dogs possessed all the alleles found in Miryang dogs and Poongsan dogs, with the exception of PEZ6 and PEZ10, PEZ12 and PEZ15 marker, respectively.

후속연구

Further investigation are required to explain the relationship of the populations using more microsatellite markers or other markers such as SNP and the segregation of genes. Also, to have a firm conclusion for resolving an origin in Korean native dogs, more extensive investigation might be required. Thus, a comparative research on the genetic diversity of Korean native dogs, such as Sapsaree, Jeju dog, and some other foreign dogs will be necessary.
This information can be used as fundamental data for meeting the demands of future breeding program to be based on greater knowledge of genetic structure and relationship between dog breeds. Further investigation are required to explain the relationship of the populations using more microsatellite markers or other markers such as SNP and the segregation of genes. Also, to have a firm conclusion for resolving an origin in Korean native dogs, more extensive investigation might be required.
Also, to have a firm conclusion for resolving an origin in Korean native dogs, more extensive investigation might be required. Thus, a comparative research on the genetic diversity of Korean native dogs, such as Sapsaree, Jeju dog, and some other foreign dogs will be necessary. As this data show, microsatellites are a useful tool for studying the genetic relationship among closely related dog breeds.

참고문헌 (21)

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Nei, M., F. Tajima and Y. Tateno. 1983. Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. J. Mol. Evol. 19:153-170.
Ota, T. 1993. DISPAN. Pennsylvania State University. PA. USA.
Park, J. H. 2002. Physical characteristics and genetic diversity using microsatellite DNA in Miryang dogs. A Dissertation for the Degree of Master of Science, Miryang National University.
Saitou, N. and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4:406-425.
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Microsatellite Polymorphism and Genetic Relationship in Dog Breeds in Korea 원문보기

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Microsatellite Polymorphism and Genetic Relationship in Dog Breeds in Korea 원문보기

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