Abstract

An experiment was conducted on 3 male rumen fistulated adult buffaloes fed on wheaten straw and concentrate mixture in a Latin square design to study the impact of niacin supplementation on rumen metabolites. Three animals were fed wheaten straw+concentrate mixture (group I, control), wheaten straw+concentrate mixture+100 ppm niacin (group II), and wheaten straw +concentrate mixture+200 ppm niacin (group III). After 21 days feeding, rumen liquor was drawn for 3 consecutive days at different time intervals (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h) to study the various rumen metabolites i.e., rumen pH, ammonia-N, total-N, trichloroacetic acid precipitable-N, non-protein nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, their fractions and number of protozoa. Mean pH values in strained rumen liquor (SRL) of animals in 3 groups were 6.64, 6.71 and 6.67, indicating no statistically significant difference. Results revealed a significant (p<0.01) increase in TVFA concentration among the supplemented groups (group II and III) in comparison to control group. Mean TVFA concentration (meq/dl) was 9.75, 10.97 and 11.44 in 3 groups respectively. The highest concentration of TVFA was observed at 4 h and minimum at 0 h in all the 3 groups. The percentage of acetic, propionic, butyric and isobutyric acid was statistically similar among the three groups. The mean ammonia-N concentration (mg/dl SRL) was significantly (p<0.01) lower in group II (16.38) and group III (15.42) than group I (18.14). Ammonia-N concentration was higher (p<0.01) at 4 h as compared to all the time intervals. The mean total-N concentration (mg/dl SRL) was higher (p<0.01) in group II (74.16) and group III (75.47) as compared to group I (62.04). Total-N concentration was higher (p<0.01) at 4 h as compared to other time intervals and lowest value was recorded at 0 h.Concentration of TCA-ppt-N (mg/dl SRL) was significantly (p<0.01) lower in control group as compared to niacin supplemented groups. Mean value of NPN (mg/dl SRL) was significantly (p<0.01) lower in group III (23.21) as compared to group I (25.71), whereas groups I and II, and groups II and III were similar to each other. Total protozoa number (${\times}10^4$/ml SRL) ranged from 18.06 to 27.41 in group I, 20.89 to 38.44 in group II and 27.61 to 39.45 in group III. The mean protozoa number was significantly (p<0.01) higher in SRL of group II (27.60) and III (30.59) as compared to group I (22.48). It can be concluded from the study that supplementation of niacin in the diet of buffaloes had improved the rumen fermentation by decreasing the concentration of ammonia-N and increasing protein synthesis.

주제어

#Niacin   #Buffalo   #Rumen Metabolites   #Rumen Protozoa  

참고문헌 (32)

1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed., Washington, DC. 
2. Doreau, M. and J. F. Ottou. 1996. Influence of niacin supplementation on in vivo digestibility and ruminal digestion in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 79:2247-2254. 
3. Ghosh, H. P., P. K. Sarkar and B. C. Guha. 1963. Distribution of the bound form of nicotinic acid in natural materials. J. Nutr. 79:451-453. 
4. Hungate, R. E. 1966. The Rumen and its Microbes. Academic Press, New York. 
5. Nangia, O. P., M. Gupta, S. Sindhu and S. K. Garg. 2000. Influence of niacin supplementation on rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 70:764-765. 
6. Ottou, J. F. and M. Doreau. 1996. Influence of niacin on in vitro ruminal fermentation and micribial synthesis depending upon dietary factors. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 58:187-199. 
7. Pathak, N. N. and D. N. Verma. 1993. Nutrient requirements of Buffalo. International Book Distributing Co., Lucknow, India. 
8. Snedecor, G. W. and W. G. Cochran. 1989. Statistical methods, 8th edn. Iowa State press, Ames, USA. 
9. Flachowsky, G. 1993. Niacin in dairy and beef cattle nutrition. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 43:195-213. 
10. van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597. 
11. Horner, J. L., C. E, Coppock, J. R. Moya, J. M. Labore and J. K. Lanham. 1988. Effects of niacin and whole cottonseed on ruminal fermentation, protein degradability and nutrient digestibility. J. Dairy Sci. 71:1239-1247. 
12. Steel, R. G. D. and J. H. Torrie. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. 2nd ed., McGraw Hill Book Company, New York, USA. 
13. Girard, C. L. 1998. B-complex vitamins for dairy cows- a new approach. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl):71-90. 
14. Conway, E. J. 1957. Micro-Diffusion Analysis and Volumetric Errors, 4th ed. Crossby Lockwood, London. 
15. Ghosh, N. R. and N. Kewalramani. 2002a. Comparative efficacy of niacin vs. nicotinamide on rumen fermentation and cellulolytic rumen enzymes in buffaloes. In: Proceedings of the IVth Biennial Conference and Exhibition of Animal Nutrition Association, Kolkata, India. 
16. Riddell, D. O., E. E. Bartley and A. D. Dayton. 1981. Effect of nicotinic acid on microbial protein synthesis in vitro and on dairy cattle growth and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 64:782-791. 
17. Abou Akkada, A. R. and K. el-shazly. 1964. Effect of absence of ciliate protozoa from the rumen on microbial activity and growth of lambs. Appl. Microbiol. 12:384. 
18. Pearson, P. M. and J. A. B. Smith. 1943. Effect of feeding treated and untreated proteins on the growth and milk production in goats. Biochem. J. 37:153-157. 
19. Barnett, A. J. G. and R. L. Reid. 1957. Studies on the production of volatile fatty acids from grass by rumen liquid in an artificial rumen. I. The volatile fatty acids production from grass. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb) 48:315-321. 
20. Allison, M. J. 1969. Biosynthesis of amino acids by ruminal microorganisms. J. Anim. Sci. 29:797-807. 
21. Samanta, A. K., N. Kewalramani and H. Kaur. 2000b. Effect of niacin supplementation on VFA production and microbial protein synthesis in cattle. Indian J. Dairy Sci. 53:150-153. 
22. Jones, A. R. 1974. The Ciliates. Hutchinson and Company Limited, London. 
23. Shields, D. R., D. M. Schaefer and T. W. Ferry. 1983. Influence of niacin supplementation and nitrogen source on rumen microbial fermentation. J. Anim. Sci. 57:1576-1583. 
24. Cristiansen, Wm, C., R. Kawashima and W. Burroughs. 1965. Influence of protozoa upon rumen acid production and live weight gains in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 24:730-734. 
25. Ghosh, N. R. and N. Kewalramani. 2002b. Influence of niacin and nicotinamide supplementation on rumen fermentation in buffaloes fed straw based diets in vitro. In: Proceedings of the IVth Biennial Conference and Exhibition of Animal Nutrition Association, Kolkata, India. 
26. Dennis, S. M., M. J. Arambel, E. E. Bartley, D. O. Riddell and A. D. Dayton. 1982. Effect of heated or unheated soybean meal with or without niacin on rumen protozoa. J. Dairy Sci. 65:1643-1646. 
27. Riddell, D. O., E. E. Bartley and A. D. Dayton. 1980. Effect of nicotinic acid on rumen fermentation in vitro and in vivo. J. Dairy Sci. 63:1429-1436. 
28. Samanta, A. K., N. Kewalramani and H. Kaur. 2000a. Influence of niacin supplementation on in vitro rumen fermentation in cattle. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 17:243-245. 
29. Maynard, L. A., J. K. Loosli, H. F. Hintz and R. G. Warner. 1979. Animal Nutrition, 7th ed., McGraw Hill Book Company, USA. 
30. Erwin, E. S., G. J. Marco and E. M. Emery. 1961. Volatile fatty acid analysis of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography. J. Dairy Sci.44:1768-1771. 
31. Kamra, D. N., R. K. Sawal, N. N. Pathak, N. Kewelramani and N. Agarwal. 1991. Diurnal variation in ciliate protozoa in the rumen of black buck (Antilope cerciapra) fed green forage. Letters in Applied Microbiology 13:165-167. 
32. Phillipson, A. T. 1982. Ruminant Digestion. In: (Ed. M. J. Swenson), Dukes Physiology of Domestic animals (9th ed). Cornell Univ. Press, London, p. 250. 

이 논문을 인용한 문헌 (1)

1. 2009. "" Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 22(7): 1060~1068  원문보기 상세보기