[논문]Effect of Orally Administered Branched-chain Amino Acids on Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Rat Skeletal Muscle

Yoshizawa, Fumiaki; Nagasawa, Takashi; Sugahara, Kunio

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.133

Effect of Orally Administered Branched-chain Amino Acids on Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Rat Skeletal Muscle 원문보기

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, v.18 no.1, 2005년, pp.133 - 140

Yoshizawa, Fumiaki (Department of Animal Science, Utsunomiya University) , Nagasawa, Takashi (Department of Agro-bioscience, Iwate University) , Sugahara, Kunio (Department of Animal Science, Utsunomiya University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Although amino acids are substrates for the synthesis of proteins and nitrogen-containing compounds, it has become more and more clear over the years that these nutrients are also extremely important as regulators of body protein turnover. The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) together or simply leucine alone stimulate protein synthesis and inhibit protein breakdown in skeletal muscle. However, it was only recently that the mechanism(s) involved in the regulation of protein turnover by BCAAs has begun to be defined. The acceleration of protein synthesis by these amino acids seems to occur at the level of peptide chain initiation. Oral administration of leucine to food-deprived rats enhances muscle protein synthesis, in part, through activation of the mRNA binding step of translation initiation. Despite our knowledge of the induction of protein synthesis by BCAAs, there are few studies on the suppression of protein degradation. The recent findings that oral administration of leucine rapidly reduced $N^{\tau}$-methylhistidine (3-methylhistidine; MeHis) release from isolated muscle, an index of myofibrillar protein degradation, indicate that leucine suppresses myofiblilar protein degradation. The details of the molecular mechanism by which leucine inhibits proteolysis is just beginning to be elucidated. The purpose of this report was to review the current understanding of how BCAAs act as regulators of protein turnover.

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문제 정의

Here, we review our current understanding of how BCAAs act as regulators of protein turnover. In particular, we emphasized studies in which oral administration of leucine to fasted rats has been used as an experimental model.

가설 설정

Which proteolytic system is regulated by leucine? Some recent findings indicate that amino acids regulate the proteasomal system or the autophagy/lysosome system. Hamel et al.

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