[논문]Protective Roles of Ginseng Saponin in Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

Kim, Jong-Hoon

doi:10.5142/jgr.2009.33.4.283

Protective Roles of Ginseng Saponin in Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury 원문보기

Journal of ginseng research = 高麗人參學會誌, v.33 no.4, 2009년, pp.283 - 293

Kim, Jong-Hoon (Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Biosafety Research Institute)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Ginsenosides, one of the most well-known traditional herbal medicines, are used frequently in Korea for the treatment of cardiovascular symptoms. The effects of ginseng saponin on ischemia-induced isolated rat heart were investigated through analyses of hemodynamic changes including perfusion pressure, aortic flow, coronary flow, and cardiac output. Isolated rat hearts were perfused and then subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion with modified Kreb's Henseleit solution. Myocardial contractile function was continuously recorded. Ginseng saponin administered before inducing ischemia significantly prevented decreases in perfusion pressure, aortic flow, coronary flow, and cardiac output. The ginseng saponin administered group significantly recovered all of the hemodynamic parameters, except heart rate, after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) compared with ischemia control. The intracellular calcium ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$) content in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes was quantitatively determined. Administration of ginseng saponin significantly prevented $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase that had been induced by simulated I/R in vitro (p<0.01) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that the cardioprotection of ginseng saponin is mediated by the inhibition of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase. Overall, we found that the administration of ginseng saponin has cardioprotective effects on the isolated rat heart after I/R injury. These results indicate that ginseng saponin has distinct cardioprotective effects in an I/R-induced rat heart.

주제어

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제안 방법

Forty eight animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=12, each group): A1, normal control group with modified KH solution with no ischemia: A2, Ginseng saponin administered group with no ischemia: A3, ischemia control group with no administration of GS: and A4, Ginseng saponin administered group with I/R injury (administration of GS before ischemia followed by reperfusion with modified KH buffer for 60 min). Ginseng saponin was added 5 min before ischemias were induced in the isolated hearts.
The main aims of this study were to investigate whether the administration of GS facilitated the recovery of post ischemic heart function and to determine the optimized concentration of GS that exerted the cardioprotective effect ex vivo. Moreover, in order to explore the specific molecular mechanisms, we not only examined [Ca²⁺]_i closely associated with I/R injury.

대상 데이터

1. Structures of the nine representative ginsenosides. They differ at three side chains attached the common steroid ring.

데이터처리

**Significantly different from the control group under I/R induction (p<0.01) compared to the GS treatment group (100 and 300 mg/kg) based on Student’s t-test.
Statistical significance was compared between the treatment and control groups by Student’s t-test.

성능/효과

We present principal findings on the GS protective actions against I/R injury using in vitro studies. The finding was that GS-induced cardioprotection against I/R injury might be derived from the inhibition of ischemia-induced Ca²⁺ influx via an L-type calcium channel, as well as other types of Ca²⁺ channels. A previous report showed that GS suppresses L-type Ca²⁺ channel in neuron.

후속연구

Therefore, the concentrations of GS that may exert cardioprotection against I/R injury in the rat are those over 100 mg/kg. Further studies are needed to explore the effective concentration in vivo. The observation that GS can protect ex vivo ischemic and reperfused hearts expands the spectrum of the potentially favorable effects of GS.

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