To elucidate the composition of extractive nitrogenous components in the fresh Capsosiphons fulvescens cultured off the southern coast of Korea, and to determine the monthly variation of these nitrogenous components, extract samples collected monthly from December to March at Jangheung-gun, Jeonnam ...
To elucidate the composition of extractive nitrogenous components in the fresh Capsosiphons fulvescens cultured off the southern coast of Korea, and to determine the monthly variation of these nitrogenous components, extract samples collected monthly from December to March at Jangheung-gun, Jeonnam Province were analyzed for total nitrogen, free and combined amino acids, ATP and related compounds, betaines, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and trimethylamine (TMA). The content of extractive nitrogen was 1,090~1,233 mg/100 g on dry basis. The number of 21~25 ninhydrin-positive substances was detected in the analysis of free amino acids, and their total amount was 3,710~4,788 mg/100 g on dry basis. Among them, free proline, asparagine, glutamic acid, alanine, taurine and glutamine were found to be abundant. The combined amino acids amounted to 1,573~2,121 mg/100 g in total and the total amount of ATP and related compound was 33.8~84.0 mg/100 g ($1.06{\sim}2.46\;{\mu}mol/g$) on dry basis. Betaine, glycinebetaine, $\beta$-alaninebetaine, $\gamma$-butyrobetaine, homarine and trigonelline were detected in most of samples. Levels of free and combined amino acids, ATP and related compounds fluctuated from sample to sample, with their contents higher in December and January and lower in March.
To elucidate the composition of extractive nitrogenous components in the fresh Capsosiphons fulvescens cultured off the southern coast of Korea, and to determine the monthly variation of these nitrogenous components, extract samples collected monthly from December to March at Jangheung-gun, Jeonnam Province were analyzed for total nitrogen, free and combined amino acids, ATP and related compounds, betaines, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and trimethylamine (TMA). The content of extractive nitrogen was 1,090~1,233 mg/100 g on dry basis. The number of 21~25 ninhydrin-positive substances was detected in the analysis of free amino acids, and their total amount was 3,710~4,788 mg/100 g on dry basis. Among them, free proline, asparagine, glutamic acid, alanine, taurine and glutamine were found to be abundant. The combined amino acids amounted to 1,573~2,121 mg/100 g in total and the total amount of ATP and related compound was 33.8~84.0 mg/100 g ($1.06{\sim}2.46\;{\mu}mol/g$) on dry basis. Betaine, glycinebetaine, $\beta$-alaninebetaine, $\gamma$-butyrobetaine, homarine and trigonelline were detected in most of samples. Levels of free and combined amino acids, ATP and related compounds fluctuated from sample to sample, with their contents higher in December and January and lower in March.
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문제 정의
This study was designed to elucidate the composition of taste components in fresh C. fulvescens and to determine the monthly variation of these components. Seaweed samples were collected and analyzed to detect the free and combined amino acids, ATP and related compounds, betaines and quaternary ammonium bases as the extractive nitrogenous components closely related to taste.
가설 설정
1)Carbohydrate by difference. 2)On wet basis.
1)The amounts of combined amino acids are given in parenthesis.
대상 데이터
ATP and related compounds: ATP and related compounds were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (16). For HPLC, Waters model 510 HPLC pump, Waters 484 tunable absorbance detector, Waters TCM column oven and Waters 745B data module (USA) were used. Chromatograpic conditions were as follows: Buffer, 2% triethylamine-phosphoric acid (pH 7.
The Maesaengi C. fulvescens used for the study was cultured at Jangheung-gun, Jeonnam Province of Korea. After collection once or twice a month from December to March, the seaweed was carried to the laboratory in an ice box, and the impurities were removed.
이론/모형
Extractive nitrogen: Extractive nitrogen was measured according to the micro-Kjeldahl method (14).
TMAO and TMA: TMA was analyzed according to the Bullard and Collins method (18). TMAO was measured according to the method of Bystedt et al.
TMAO and TMA: TMA was analyzed according to the Bullard and Collins method (18). TMAO was measured according to the method of Bystedt et al. (19), in which TMAO was reduced into TMA with titanous chloride and quantified increased TMA.
The preparation of perchloric acid extracts for analyzing ATP and related compounds was done according to the method of Nakajima et al. (13), as follows: the sample was centrifuged (10,000 rpm, 10 min), and 5 N potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 7.0. All of these treatments were done at low temperature in an ice box.
성능/효과
The content of free amino acids collected monthly in fresh C. fulvescens is shown in Table 2. Various kinds (about 21～25) of free amino acids were detected, and the total amount was 505～610 mg/100 g (average 576 mg) on wet basis. The content of free amino acids in C.
The content of free amino acids in C. fulvescens on dry basis is shown in Table 3. The amount of the total free amino acids was 3,710～4,788 mg/100 g (average 4,020 mg).
fulvescens is shown in Table 2. The amount of extractive nitrogen ranged from 143 to 182 mg/100 g (average 166 mg) on wet basis and from 1,090 to 1,233 mg (average 1,151 mg) on dry basis as shown in Table 3. The content of extractive nitrogen was 1,152 mg on dry basis in the late December sample and increased to 1,233 mg in the middle of January, where it was the highest. Extractive nitrogen levels decreased, however, to 1,123 mg in the middle of February and 1,090 mg in the beginning of March, which was the lowest.
05). Because C. fulvescens contained more umami and sweet taste amino acids like proline, alanine, glutamine and glycine than P. yezoensis, it was thought that C. fulvescens had sweeter taste.
fulvescens are shown in the parentheses in Table 2 (on wet basis) and Table 3 (on dry basis). In all the samples, 16～21 kinds of amino acids were increased after hydrolysis of the C. fulvescens extracts, while 15 kinds of amino acids were increased after hydrolysis of U. pertusa, 8 kinds of amino acids were increased after hydrolysis of E. linza, and 4 kinds were increased after hydrolysis of Cladophora densa produced in Japan.
The result of Student's t-test showed that there was a high correlation between the content of IMP in C. fulvescens and that in P. yezoensis (21) (p<0.05) while a low correlation was found between that fulvescens and P. dentata (22) (p>0.05).
The result of Student's t-test showed that there was a low correlation between the content of extractive nitrogen in C. fulvescens and P. yezoensis (p>0.05), while there was a high correlation between the content of extractive nitrogen in C. fulvescens and P. dentata (p<0.01).
These results showed that there were low correlations between the protein and carbohydrate contents in C. fulvescens and those in P. dentata (p>0.05), and there were high correlations between the lipid (p<0.01) and ash (p<0.05) contents in C. fulvescens and those in P. dentata.
These values showed that C. fulvescens contained lower amounts of protein than P. yezoensis (p<0.05), and higher amounts of ash in C. fulvescens than P. yezoensis (p<0.01), which had low correlation regarding to lipid and carbohydrate (p>0.05).
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