천연물 오배자 추출물은 in vitro 선행 연구를 통하여 병원성 세균과 바이러스에 대한 강력한 항균 항바이러스 효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 양돈 농장에서 130일간의 장기 임상시험을 통하여 효능평가를 통한 천연물 오배자 추출물의 항균 항바이러스 효과를 규명하고자 수행되었다. 200 마리의 돼지를 천연물 오배자 추출물 투여군과 비투여군으로 2 그룹으로 나누어 130일 동안 양돈농장에서 연구가 수행되었다. 천연물 오배자 추출물 투여군에는 항생제가 없는 사료에 천연물 오배자 추출물을 0.2% 배합하여 급여하였고 비투여군은 항생제가 포함된 일반 사료를 급여하였다. 연구기간 동안 사료섭취량, 체중, 임상증상을 분석하고 시험종료일에 부검하여 육안검사와 미생물학적 검사 및 병리조직학적 검사를 수행하였다. 연구결과 천연물 오배자 추출물은 양돈 산업에서 심각한 문제가 되고 있는 병원성 세균과 바이러스에 대한 강력한 항균 항바이러스 효과를 가지고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
천연물 오배자 추출물은 in vitro 선행 연구를 통하여 병원성 세균과 바이러스에 대한 강력한 항균 항바이러스 효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 양돈 농장에서 130일간의 장기 임상시험을 통하여 효능평가를 통한 천연물 오배자 추출물의 항균 항바이러스 효과를 규명하고자 수행되었다. 200 마리의 돼지를 천연물 오배자 추출물 투여군과 비투여군으로 2 그룹으로 나누어 130일 동안 양돈농장에서 연구가 수행되었다. 천연물 오배자 추출물 투여군에는 항생제가 없는 사료에 천연물 오배자 추출물을 0.2% 배합하여 급여하였고 비투여군은 항생제가 포함된 일반 사료를 급여하였다. 연구기간 동안 사료섭취량, 체중, 임상증상을 분석하고 시험종료일에 부검하여 육안검사와 미생물학적 검사 및 병리조직학적 검사를 수행하였다. 연구결과 천연물 오배자 추출물은 양돈 산업에서 심각한 문제가 되고 있는 병원성 세균과 바이러스에 대한 강력한 항균 항바이러스 효과를 가지고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
We are aim to evaluate antimicrobial effects of the extract of Galla rhois (GR) on the health status and performance of growing and finishing pigs. This study was conducted on the growing and finishing pigs (n = 200) for 130 days in a swine husbandry. The animals were divided with two groups; GR tre...
We are aim to evaluate antimicrobial effects of the extract of Galla rhois (GR) on the health status and performance of growing and finishing pigs. This study was conducted on the growing and finishing pigs (n = 200) for 130 days in a swine husbandry. The animals were divided with two groups; GR treated group (n = 100) and commercial diet feeding group (n = 100). GR treated animals had provided with commercial diet adding the extract of GR as 0.2%. During the study period, we compared clinical signs, weight increase rate, diet consumption amount, fecal scores, gross findings, necropsy findings, histopathological findings between the treated group and non treated group. After necropsy, bacteria isolation and PCR analysis were conducted with the clinical samples. As the results of this long-term clinical trial, GR showed the antimicrobial effects on respiratory disease and diarrhea. We were identified that GR had the anti-bacterial and anti-viral effects.
We are aim to evaluate antimicrobial effects of the extract of Galla rhois (GR) on the health status and performance of growing and finishing pigs. This study was conducted on the growing and finishing pigs (n = 200) for 130 days in a swine husbandry. The animals were divided with two groups; GR treated group (n = 100) and commercial diet feeding group (n = 100). GR treated animals had provided with commercial diet adding the extract of GR as 0.2%. During the study period, we compared clinical signs, weight increase rate, diet consumption amount, fecal scores, gross findings, necropsy findings, histopathological findings between the treated group and non treated group. After necropsy, bacteria isolation and PCR analysis were conducted with the clinical samples. As the results of this long-term clinical trial, GR showed the antimicrobial effects on respiratory disease and diarrhea. We were identified that GR had the anti-bacterial and anti-viral effects.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
문제 정의
In this study, we conducted to evaluate antimicrobial effects of the extract of Galla rhois (GR) on the health status and performance of growing and finishing pigs. As the results, the natural herbal antimicrobial additive, GR, has the anti-bacteria and anti-virus effects.
In this work, we are aim to evaluate antimicrobial effects of GR on the long-term swine clinical trial.
제안 방법
Following the standard management policy of the farm, all studied piglets were managed at same conditions. Considering the 10- week interval for the introduction of all participating animals in the flat-deck unit and the monitoring period for each pig (from growing age to slaughter age), the trial lasted over a total period of 130 days. Management of the animals and data recording during the study were carried out under the ethical guidelines of Wonkwang University IACUC (approval No.
We found GR, an herbal antimicrobial compound, which has revealed very strong antibacterial and antiviral effects during the screening studies (8,16). In this study, the natural herbal antimicrobial additive which was originated from the herb to treat diarrhea and respiratory disease was assessed on the health status and performance of growing and finishing pigs. As the results of this long-term clinical trial, the natural herbal antimicrobial additive showed the effects on respiratory disease and diarrhea.
대상 데이터
In order to develop a natural herbal antimicrobial compound, over 1,000 kinds of herbal materials were tested by Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University. The herbal specimens were purchased at the University Oriental Drugstore, Iksan, Korea. Voucher specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of the College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University.
The investigation was carried out on a growing-to-finish pig unit with a capacity of 400 sows and an annual production of around 8,000 fatteners in Jeongeup city, Korea. The trial farm was infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus since 2,000 with sporadic outbreaks of the acute phase of the disease in both breeding animals and growing/finishing pigs.
The herbal specimens were purchased at the University Oriental Drugstore, Iksan, Korea. Voucher specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of the College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University. Plant material was extracted with ethanol under ultrasonic conditions for 3 hours, followed by paper filtration.
When the studied pigs were 180 days old, they were slaughtered at a regional slaughter house in Gunsan city, Korea. During the necropsy, we performed the gross observation on the studied animals and recorded any lesions.
데이터처리
Student's t-test was used for pair-wise comparisons.
이론/모형
Values for all parameters under study were recorded for each experimental unit and statistical analysis was performed by the use of the general linear model. When appropriate, values are reported as average ± standard deviation.
성능/효과
However, the animals of treatment group revealed no abnormal changes (Fig 1B). As the results of histopathological examinations, the pigs of treatment group which were fed GR for long-term period (130 days) had not significant pathological changes in liver, kidney, small intestine, large intestine and lung (Table 3). However, the control pigs without feeding GR showed severe changes in kidney and lung (Table 3).
Also, on the disease occurrences like as pneumonia, the treatment group was revealed significantly less than one of control group. As the results of pathogens analysis, the pigs of control group had revealed positive reactions against several pathogenic agents like as Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira pilosicoli more frequently than those of treatment group. Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira pilosicoli induce porcine ileitis and colonitis respectively and result to economic losses in swine industry (7,9).
참고문헌 (21)
An RB, Oh H, Kim YC. Phenolic Constituents of Galla Rhois with Hepatoprotective Effects on Tacrine- and Nitrofurantoin- Induced Cytotoxicity in Hep G2 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2005;28: 2155-2157.
Choi JG, Kang OH, Lee YS, Oh YC, Chae HS, Jang HJ, Shin DW, Kwon DY. Antibacterial Activity of Methyl Gallate Isolated from Galla Rhois or Carvacrol Combined with Nalidixic Acid Against Nalidixic Acid Resistant Bacteria. Molecules 2009; 14: 1773-1780.
Cromwell GL. Antimicrobial and promicrobial agents. In: Swine Nutrition (Lewis A, Southern L. ed.), 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 2001; 401-426.
Deen J, Dee S, Morrison RB, Radostits M. Health and production management in swine herds. In: Herd Health: Food Animal Production Medicine (Radostits OM. ed.), 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pensylvania: W.B. Saunders company. 2001; 635-764.
Elliott I. EU plans phase-out of antibiotic use. Feedstuffs 2001; 74: 1-4.
Jacobson M, Rasback T, Floistrup H, Benz M, Braun- Fahrlander C, Riedler J, Schram-Bijkerk D, Fellstrom C. Survey on the occurrence of Brachyspira species and Lawsonia intracellularis in children living on pig farms. Epidemiol Infect 2007; 135: 1043-1045.
Kim HY, Shin HS, Park H, Kim YC, Yun YG, Park S, Shin HJ, Kim K. In vitro inhibition of coronavirus replications by the traditionally used medicinal herbal extracts, Cimicifuga rhizoma, Meliae cortex, Coptidis rhizoma, and Phellodendron cortex. J Clin Virol 2008; 41: 122-128.
Kim O, Kim BT, Chae C. Prevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis in selected pigs herds as determined by polymerase chain reaction from fecal samples in Korea. Vet Rec 1998;143: 587-589.
Kwon DH, Kim O, Chae C. Prevalence of genotypes for fimbriae and enterotoxins and O serogroups in Escherichia Coli isolated from diarrheic piglets in Korea. J Vet Diagn Invest 1999; 11: 146-151.
Kyriakis SC, Tsiloyiannis VK, Vlemmas J, Sarris K, Tsinas AC, Lexopoulos C, Jansegers L. The effect of probiotic LSP 122 on the control of post-weaning diarrhoea syndrome of piglets. Res Vet Sci 1999; 67: 223-228.
Lee H, Hong S, Bok N, Kim B, Kim M, Park H, Kim Y, Kim O. Antiviral effect of natural herb extract WK01 and WK02 against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. J Life Sci & Nat Res 2008; 30: 61-71.
Liu CS, Cham TM, Yang CH, Chang HW, Chen CH, Chuang LY. Antibacterial properties of Chinese herbal medicines against nosocomial antibiotic resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med 2007; 35: 1047-1060.
Qu H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li B, Sun W. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of two compounds (forsythiaside and forsythin) isolated from Forsythia suspensa. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008; 60: 261-266.
Smith R. Antibiotic bans, regulations may stop development of drugs. Feedstuffs 1999; 71: 1-6.
van Loo I, Huijsdens X, Tiemersma E, de Neeling A, van de Sande-Bruinsma N, Beaujean D, Voss A, Kluytmans J. Emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of animal origin in humans. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13: 1834-1839.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.