최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기청정기술 = Clean technology, v.19 no.4, 2013년, pp.379 - 387
Ethanol steam reforming reaction considered as a clean hydrogen production method is introduced in this paper. Reactivity and reaction rate equation of ethanol steam reforming reaction using various catalysts, reaction temperature, and molar ratio of ethanol and water will be discussed. In addition ...
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
에탄올 수증기개질반응이란 무엇인가? | 이러한 시점에서 에탄올 수증기개질반응은 기존의 수소생산방법의 문제점을 보완하고, 좀 더 환경 친화적인 청정수소생산공정으로서 매우 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 에탄올 수증기개질반응은 아래의 반응식 (1)처럼 에탄올과 수증기가 반응하여 수소와 이산화탄소를 생산하는 반응이다. | |
Pd 수소분리막의 단점은 무엇인가? | Pd 수소분리막의 장점으로는 높은 수소투과량과 수소선택도를 들 수 있다. 하지만, 가격이 비싼 점과 황(sulfur)에 의한 피독현상(poisoning)이 큰 문제점으로 지적되고 있다. 최근에는, 황에 대한 저항력을 높이고 제조비용을 줄이면서 향상된 수소투과량을 얻기 위한 방법으로 Pd-Ag[40-42], Pd-Cu[43-47], Pd-Au[48-51], Pd-Ru[52,53]과 같은 합금막에 대한 연구가 매우 활발히 진행 되고 있다. | |
에탄올 수증기개질반응이 수반하는 부반응은 무엇인가? | 이 반응에서 생산된 이산화탄소는 에탄올의 원료인 바이오매스로 재 흡수될 수 있기 때문에 에탄올 수증기개질반응은 이산화탄소중성공정(CO2 neutral process)으로 불리기도 한다[2]. 에탄올 수증기개질반응은 위의 주반응외에 탈수소화반응(2), 탈분리반응(3), 탈수반응(4)과 같은 부반응들을 수반하기도 한다. |
Lim, H., Gu, Y., and Oyama, S. T., "Reaction of Primary and Secondary Products in a Membrane Reactor: Studies of Ethanol Steam Reforming with a Silica-alumina Composite Membrane," J. Membr. Sci., 351, 149-159 (2010).
Klouz, V., Fierro, V., Denton, P., Katz, H., and Lisse, J. P., Bouvot-Mauduit, S., and Mirodatos, C., "Ethanol Reforming for Hydrogen Production in a Hybrid Electric Vehicle: Process Optimisation," J. Power Sources, 105, 26-34 (2002).
Marino, F., Boveri, M., Baronetti, G., and Laborde, M., "Hydrogen Production from Steam Reforming of Bioethanol Using Cu/Ni/K/g- $Al_2O_3$ Catalysts. Effectof Ni," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 26, 665-668 (2001).
Llorca, J., Homs, N., Sales, J., Fierro, J.- L. G., and Piscina, P. R. de la, "Effect of Sodium Addition on the Performance of Co-ZnO-based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Bioethanol," J. Catal., 222, 470-480 (2004).
Diagne, C., Idriss, H., and Kiennemann, A., "Hydrogen Production by Ethanol Steam Reforming over $Rh/CeO_2-ZrO_2$ Catalysts," Catal. Commun., 3, 565-571 (2002).
Sun, J., Qiu, X., Wu, F., Zhu, W., Wang, W., and Hao, S., "Hydrogen from Steam Reforming of Ethanol in Low and Middle Temperature Range for Fuel Cell Application," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 29, 1075-1081 (2004).
Batista, M. S., Santos, R. K. S., Assaf, E. M., Assaf, J. M., and Ticianelli, E. A., "High Efficiency Steam Reforming of Ethanol by Cobalt-based Catalysts," J. Power Sources, 134, 27-32 (2004).
Biswas, P., and Kunzru, D., "Steam Reforming of Ethanol for Production of Hydrogen over $Ni/CeO_2-ZrO_2$ Catalyst: Effect of Support and Metal Loading," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 32, 969-980 (2007).
Kwak, B. S., Kim, J., and Kang, M., "Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming over Coreeshell Structured $Ni_xO_{y-},\;Fe_xO_{y-},\;and\;Co_xO_{y-}Pd $ Catalysts," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 11829-11843 (2010).
Abdelkader, A., Daly, H., Saih, Y., Morgan, K., Mohamed, M. A., Halawy, S. A., and Hardacre, C., "Steam Reforming of Ethanol over $Co_3O_{4-}Fe_2O_3$ Mixed Oxides," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38, 8263-8275 (2013).
Han, S. J., Bang, Y., Yoo. J., Seo J. G., and Song, I. K., "Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol over Mesoporous $Ni-Al_2O_{3-}ZrO_2$ xerogel catalysts: Effect of Nickel Content," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38, 8285-8292 (2013).
Xu, J., and Froment, G. F. "Methane Steam Reforming, Methanation and Water-gas Shift: I. Intrinsic Kinetics," AIChE J., 35, 88-96 (1989).
Orucu, E., Gokaliler, F., Aksoylu, A. E., and Onsan, Z. I., "Ethanol Steam Reforming for Hydrogen Production over Bimetallic $Pt-Ni/Al_2O_3$ ," Catal. Lett., 120, 198-203 (2008).
Akande, A., Aboudheir, A., Idem, R., and Dalai, A., "Kinetic Modeling of Hydrogen Production by the Catalytic Reforming of Crude Ethanol over a Co-precipitated $Ni/Al_2O_3$ Catalyst in a Packed Bed Tubular Reactor," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 31, 1707-1715 (2006).
Yun, S., Lim, H., and Oyama, S. T., "Experimental and Kinetic Studies of the Ethanol Steam Reforming Reaction Equipped with Ultrathin Pd and Pd-Cu Membranes for Improved Conversion and Hydrogen yield," J. Membr. Sci., 409-410, 222-231 (2012).
Sun, J., Qiu, X.-P., Wu, F., and Zhu, W.-T., " $H_2$ from Steam Reforming of Ethanol at Low Temperature over $Ni/Y_2O_3,\;Ni/La_2O_3\;and\;Ni/Al_2O_3$ Catalysts for Fuel-cell Application," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 30, 437-445 (2005).
Vaidya, P. D., and Rodrigues, A. E., "Kinetics of Steam Reforming of Ethanol over a $Ru/Al_2O_3$ Catalyst," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 6614-6618 (2006).
Veronica, M., Graciela, B., Norma, A., and Miguel, L., "Ethanol Steam Reforming Using Ni(II)-Al(III) Layered Double Hydroxide as Catalyst Precursor Kinetic study," Appl. Chem. Eng. J., 138, 602-607 (2008).
Sanchez Marcano, J. G., and Tsotsis, T. T., Catalytic Membranes and Membrane Reactors, 1st ed., WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2002, p.5.
De Vos, R. M., and Verweij, H., "High-Selectivity, High-Flux Silica Membranes for Gas Separation," Science, 279, 1710-1711 (1998).
Kusakabe, K., Sakamoto, S., Saie, T., and Morooka, S., "Pore Structure of Silica Membranes Formed by a Sol-Gel Technique Using Tetraethoxysilane and Alkyltriethoxysilanes," Sep. Purif. Technol., 16, 139-146 (1999).
Fujii,T., Yano, T., Nakamura, K., and Miyawaki, O., "The Sol-Gel Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Silica Membrane with Controlled Pore Size," J. Membr. Sci.,187, 171-180 (2001).
Pakizeh, M., Omidkhah, M. R., and Zarringhalam A., "Synthesis and Characterization of New Silica Membranes Using Template-Sol-Gel Technology," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 32, 1825-1836 (2007).
Tsapatsis, M., and Gavalas, G., "Structure and Aging Characteristics of H2-Permselective $SiO_2$ -Vycor Membranes," J. Membr. Sci., 87, 281-296 (1994).
Morooka, S., Yan, S., Kusakabe, K., and Akiyama, Y., "Formation of Hydrogen Permselective $SiO_2$ Membrane in Macropores of a Alumina Support Tube by Thermal Decomposition of TEOS," J. Membr. Sci., 101, 89-98 (1995).
Gu, Y., and Oyama, S. T., "Ultrathin, Hydrogen-Selective Silica Membranes Deposited on Alumina-Graded Structures Prepared from Size-Controlled Boehmite Sols," J. Membr. Sci., 306, 216-227 (2007).
Khatib, S. J., and Oyama, S. T., "Silica Membranes for Hydrogen Separation Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)," Sep. Purif. Technol., 111, 20-42 (2013).
Gu, Y., Hacarlioglu, P., and Oyama, S. T., "Hydrothermally Stable Silica-Alumina Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separation," J. Membr. Sci., 310, 28-37 (2008).
Gu, Y., and Oyama, S. T., "Permeation Properties and Hydrothermal Stability of Silica-Titania Membranes Supported on Porous Alumina Substrates," J. Membr. Sci., 345, 267-275 (2009).
Kanezashi, M., and Asaeda, M., "Hydrogen Permeation Characteristics and Stability of Ni-Doped Silica Membranes in Steam at High Temperature,", J. Membr. Sci., 271, 86-93 (2006).
Boffa, V., Blank, D. H. A., and Ten Elshof J. E., "Hydrothermal Stability of Microporous Silica and Niobia-Silica Membranes," J. Membr. Sci., 319, 56-263 (2008).
Yan, S., Maeda, H., Kusakabe, K., and Morooka, S., "Thin Palladium Membrane Formed in Support Pores by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition Method and Application to Hydrogen Separation," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 33, 616-622 (1994).
Xomeritakis, G., and Lin, Y. S., "Fabrication of a Thin Palladium Membrane Supported in a Porous Ceramic Substrate by Chemical Vapor Deposition," J. Membr. Sci., 120, 261-272 (1996).
Huang, L., Chert, C. S., He, Z. D., Peng, D. K., and Meng, G. Y., "Palladium Membranes Supported on Porous Ceramics Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition," Thin Solid Films, 302, 98-101 (1997).
Jun, C.-S., and Lee, K.-H., "Palladium and Palladium Alloy Composite Membranes Prepared by Metal-organic Chemical Vapor Deposition Method (Cold-Wall)," J. Membr. Sci., 176, 121-130 (2000).
Yeung, K. L., Christiansen, S. C., and Varma, A., "Palladium Composite Membranes by Electroless Plating Technique: Relationships between Plating Kinetics, Film Microstructure and Membrane Performance," J. Membr. Sci., 159, 107-122 (1999).
Cheng, Y. S., and Yeung, K. L., "Effects of Electroless Plating Chemistry on the Synthesis of Palladium Membranes," J. Membr. Sci., 182, 195-203 (2001).
Gade, S. K., Thoen, P. M., and Way, J. D., "Unsupported Palladium Alloy Foil Membranes Fabricated by Electroless Plating," J. Membr. Sci., 316, 112-118 (2008).
Uemiya, S., Matsuda, T., and Kikuchi, E., "Hydrogen Permeable Palladium-Silver Alloy Membrane Supported on Porous Ceramics," J. Membr. Sci., 56, 315-325 (1991).
Tong, J., Su, L., Kashima, Y., Shirai, R., Suda, H., and Matsumura, Y., "Simultaneously Depositing Pd-Ag Thin Membrane on Asymmetric Porous Stainless Steel Tube and Application to Produce Hydrogen from Steam Reforming of Methane," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 45, 648-655 (2006).
Peters, T., Tucho, W. M., Ramachandran A., Stange, M., Walmsley, J. C., Holmestad, R., Borg, A., and Bredesen, R., "Thin Pd-23%Ag/Stainless Steel Composite Membranes: Long- Term Stability, Life-Time Estimation and Post-Process Characterization," J. Membr. Sci., 326, 572-581 (2009).
Nam, S.-E., and Lee, K.-H., "Hydrogen Separation by Pd Alloy Composite Membranes: Introduction of Diffusion Barrier," J. Membr. Sci., 192, 177-185 (2001).
Roa, F., Way, J. D., McCormick, R. L., and Paglieri, S. N., "Preparation and Characterization of Pd-Cu Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separation," Chem. Eng. J., 93, 11-22 (2003).
Kulprathipanja, A., Alptekin, G. O., Falconer, J. L., and Way, J. D., "Pd and Pd-Cu Membranes: Inhibition of $H_2$ Permeation by $H_2S$ ," J. Membr. Sci., 254, 49-62 (2005).
Thoen, P. M., Roa, F., and Way, J. D., "High Flux Palladium- Copper Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separations," Desalination, 193, 224-229 (2006).
O'Brien, C. P., Howard, B. H., Miller, J. B., Morreale, B. D., and Gellman, A. J.,"Inhibition of Hydrogen Transport through Pd and $Pd_{47}Cu_{53} $ Membranes by $H_2S$ at $350^{\circ}C$ ," J. Membr. Sci., 349, 380-384 (2010).
Gade, S. K., Payzant, E. A., Park, H. J., Thoen, P. M., and Way, J. D., "The Effects of Fabrication and Annealing on the Structure and Hydrogen Permeation of Pd-Au Binary Alloy Membranes," J. Membr. Sci., 340, 227-233 (2009).
Chen, C.-H., and Ma, Y. H., "The Effect of $H_2S$ on the Performance of Pd and Pd/Au Composite Membrane," J. Membr. Sci., 362, 535-544 (2010).
Shi, L., Goldbach, A., Zeng, G., and Xu, H., "Preparation and Performance of Thin-Layered PdAu/Ceramic Composite Membranes," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 4201-4208 (2010).
Gade, S. K., DeVoss, S. J., Coulter, K. E., Paglieri, S. N., Alptekin, G. O., and Way, J. D., "Palladium-Gold Membranes in Mixed Gas Streams with Hydrogen Sulfide: Effect of Alloy Content and Fabrication Technique," J. Membr. Sci., 378, 35-41 (2011).
Gade, S. K., Keeling, M. K., Davidson, A. P., Hatlevik, O., and Way, J. D., "Palladium-Ruthenium Membranes for Hydrogen Separation Fabricated by Electroless Co-Deposition," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 34, 6484-6491 (2009).
Ryi, S.-K., Li, A., Lim, C. J., and Grace, J. R., "Novel Non-Alloy Ru/Pd Composite Membrane Fabricated by Electroless Plating for Hydrogen Separation," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 36, 9335-9340 (2011).
Lee, D., Hacarlioglu, P., and Oyama, S. T., "The Effect of Pressure in Membrane Reactors: Trade-off in Permeability and Equilibrium Conversion in the Catalytic Reforming of $CH_4$ with $CO_2$ ," Top. Catal., 29, 45-57 (2004).
Tsuru, T., Yamaguchi, K., Yoshioka, T., and Asaeda, M., "Methane Steam Reforming by Microporous Catalytic Membrane Reactors," AICHE J., 50, 2794-2805 (2004).
Tong, J., and Matsumura, Y., "Effect of Catalytic Activity on Methane Steam Reforming in Hydrogen-permeable Membrane Reactor," Appl. Catal. A, 286, 226-231 (2005).
Hacarlioglu, P., Gu, Y., and Oyama, S. T., "Studies of the Methane Steam Reforming Reaction at High Pressure in a Ceramic Membrane Reactor," J. Nat. Gas Chem., 15, 73-81 (2006).
Kikuchi, E., Kawabe, S., and Matsukata, M., "Steam Reforming of Methanol on $Ni/Al_2O_3$ Catalyst in a Pd-membrane Reactor," J. Jpn. Petro. Inst., 46, 93-98 (2003).
Tosti, S., Basile, A., Borgognoni, F., Capaldo, V., Cordiner, S., Di Cave, S., Gallucci, F., Rizzello, C., Santucci, A., and Traversa, E., "Low Temperature Ethanol Steam Reforming in a Pd-Ag Membrane Reactor Part 1: Ru-based Catalyst," J. Membr. Sci., 308, 250-257 (2008).
Tosti, S., Basile, A., Borgognoni, F., Capaldo, V., Cordiner, S., Di Cave, S., Gallucci, F., Rizzello, C., Santucci, A., and Traversa, E., "Low-temperature Ethanol Steam Reforming in a Pd-Ag Membrane Reactor Part 2. Pt-based and Ni-based Catalysts and General Comparison," J. Membr. Sci., 308, 258-263 (2008).
Yu, C.-Y., Lee, D.-W., Park, S.-J., Lee, K.-Y., and Lee, K.-H., "Ethanol Steam Reforming in a Membrane Reactor with Pt- Impregnated Knudsen Membranes," Appl. Catal. B, 86, 121-126 (2009).
Lopez, E., Divins, N. J., and Llorca, J., "Hydrogen Production from Ethanol over Pd-Rh/ $CeO_2$ with a Metallic Membrane Reactor," Catal. Today, 193, 145-150 (2012).
Lim, H., Gu, Y., and Oyama, S. T., "Studies of the Effect of Pressure and Hydrogen Permeance on the Ethanol Steam Reforming Reaction with Palladium- and Silica-Based Membranes," J. Membr. Sci., 396, 119-127 (2012).
Oyama, S. T., and Lim, H.,, "An Operability Level Coefficient (OLC) as a Useful Tool for Correlating the Performance of Membrane Reactors," Chem. Eng. J., 151, 351-358 (2009).
*원문 PDF 파일 및 링크정보가 존재하지 않을 경우 KISTI DDS 시스템에서 제공하는 원문복사서비스를 사용할 수 있습니다.
출판사/학술단체 등이 한시적으로 특별한 프로모션 또는 일정기간 경과 후 접근을 허용하여, 출판사/학술단체 등의 사이트에서 이용 가능한 논문
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.