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쏙의 생물학 - 최근 서해안 바지락 양식장에 이상 증식한 쏙의 제거 대책을 중심으로 -

Biology of the Mud Shrimp Upogebia major (de Haan, 1841), with Particular Reference to Pest Management for Shrimp Control in Manila Clam Bed in the West Coast of Korea

Ocean and polar research, v.35 no.4, 2013년, pp.323 - 349  

홍재상 (인하대학교 자연과학대학 생명해양과학부)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

The mud shrimp Upogebia major (Upogebiidae: Decapoda: Crustacea) is a common species on muddy and sandy mud tidal flats in the west coast of Korea. They reside in Y-shaped burrows that can extend up to more than 2 meters below the sediment surface. They feed on suspended detritus carried into their ...

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핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
쏙의 서식 밀도가 높아지면 어떤 결과가 벌어지는가? 따라서 본 종의 밀도의 증가 및 감소는 상기 요인들에 대해 직접적인 영향을 끼치며 특히 갑작스런 밀도 증가는 주변 해역 전체의 해양환경에 지대한 영향을 미치는 생태계 공학자(ecosystem engineer)로서의 역할을 수행하는 것으로 잘 알려져 있다. 즉, 쏙의 서식 밀도가 높을 경우 생물교반 활동에 따른 퇴적상의 변화는 물론 기존에 서식하고 있었던 다른 생물들의 서식 공간을 침범하는 문제로 인하여 지역에 따라서는 지역 전체 생태계의 구조와 기능에 영향을 미치게 된다.
선재도뿐만 아니라 서해안의 많은 갯벌의 바지락 양식장에 쏙이 침입함으로서 벌어진 결과는 무엇인가? 그러나 이것이 그 이듬해 이들 쏙의 대량 서식으로 바지락 생산량을 감소시키는 중요한 원인이 되었다. 이와 같은 현상은 상기한 인천의 선재도뿐만 아니라 충청남도 보령시 주교 갯벌이나 충남 태안군 안면도의 가경주 등 서해안의 많은 갯벌에서 기존의 갯벌 바지락 양식장들이 쏙의 침입으로 바지락의 서식처가 점령당하여 2~3년 전부터 바지락 생산량이 거의 1/10로 급감하였다(충남 보령시 주교어촌계 최병각 간사). 현지의 바지락 양식 어업자들은 이들을 제거하기 위하여 콤바인을 개조한 트랙터를 이용하여 양식장 바닥을 경운(耕耘)하거나 폐쇄하고 인근 어장으로 옮기는 사태가 벌어지기도 하였다(Fig.
쏙이 파고 사는 땅 구멍의 특징은 무엇인가? 조간대의 펄 갯벌에 Y-자 형태의 구멍을 파고 살기 때문에 비교적 쉽게 알아볼 수 있다. 이들이 파고 사는 땅굴의 깊이는 2m를 상회한다(Kinoshita 2002). 이들 구멍은 물과 퇴적물 경계면의 면적을 증가시키고, 산소가 풍부한 물을 펄 속깊은 곳까지 공급시켜 주기 때문에 펄 속의 무산소 환경을 해소시켜주는 중요한 생물교반(生物攪拌, bioturbation) 작용을 수반한다. 또한 이들이 만든 땅굴 속은 매우 독특한 미서식처(微棲息處, microhabitat)를 형성하여 다양하면서도 고유한 생물들이 많이 발견되는 특징을 가진다 (Ricketts et al. 1985; Itani 2001a, 2004b; Kinoshita 2002; Kinoshita et al.
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