[논문]박하(Mentha arvensis) 향료의 향기성분이 정신적 스트레스 완화에 미치는 효과

조해미; 칸다사미 손하라라잔; 정지욱; 주진우; 김성문

doi:10.5352/jls.2013.23.7.933

박하(Mentha arvensis) 향료의 향기성분이 정신적 스트레스 완화에 미치는 효과
Fragrance Chemicals in the Essential Oil of Mentha arvensis Reduce Levels of Mental Stress 원문보기

생명과학회지 = Journal of life science, v.23 no.7 = no.159, 2013년, pp.933 - 940

조해미 (강원대학교 바이오자원환경학과) , 칸다사미 손하라라잔 (강원대학교 바이오자원환경학과) , 정지욱 (대구한의대학교 한약재약리학과) , 주진우 (강원대학교 동물식품응용과학과) , 김성문 (강원대학교 바이오자원환경학과)

초록
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본 연구는 박하(Mentha arvensis) 식물 유래 향료의 향기성분을 구명하고, 향기성분들이 인간의 뇌파에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 이해하고자 수행하였다. 초임계추출기를 이용하여 박하 식물(Mentha arvensis L. f. piperascens)로부터 에센셜오일을 얻었으며, 최적 회수율은 $70^{\circ}C$, 200 bar 조건에서 2.38%이었다. 박하 에센셜오일에 함유되어 있는 향기 화합물을HS-SPME/GC-MS로 분석한 결과, 총 32종의 화합물이 검출되었는데 alcohol 류가 6종(67.11%), hydrocarbon 류가 13종(17.05%), ester 류가 9종(11.50%), ketone 류가 2종(7.16%), oxide가 1종(2.77%) 그리고 aldehyde가 1종(0.56%)이었다. 박하 에센셜오일에 함유된 주된 향기 화합물은 (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrien-1-ol (50.06%), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone (7.50%)과 3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one (6.60%) 이었다. 총 20명의 피험자(남녀 각 10명)를 대상으로 박하 에센셜오일 향기 흡입 전과 흡입 중에 뇌파분석을 수행한 결과, 향기를 흡입 중에는, 흡입 전과 비교하여, relative fast alpha power spectrum이 유의성 있게 증가하는 반면(p<0.05), gamma power spectrum과 spectral edge frequency 90% 지표는 유의성 있게 감소하는 결과를 얻었다(p<0.05). 본 연구의 결과들은 박하의 향기성분이 정신적 긴장을 완화시킨다는 것을 시사하여 준다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The aim of this work was to determine the chemical composition of essential oil from aerial partsof Mentha arvensis L. f. piperascens (MAO) and to evaluate the effect of its fragrant chemicals on electroencephalographic (EEG) activity of human brain. The MAO was obtained by supercritical $CO_2$ extraction. The maximum yield was 2.38% at conditions of $70^{\circ}C$ and 200 bar. There were 32 volatile chemicals with 6 alcohols (67.11%), 13 hydrocarbons (17.05%), 9 esters (11.50%), 2 ketones (7.16%), 1 oxide (2.77%), and 1 aldehyde (0.56%). The major components were (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrien-1-ol (50.06%), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone (7.50%), and 3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one (6.60%). Results of the EEG study showed that inhalation of MAO significantly changed the EEG power spectrum values of relative gamma, relative fast alpha, and spectral edge frequency 90%. During the inhalation of MAO, the value of relative fast alpha was significantly increased (p<0.05). On the other hand, the values of gamma and the spectral edge frequency 90% were significantly decreased (p<0.05). The present study suggests that fragrant chemicals of essential oil of M. arvensis reduce the level of mental stress and that they could be used in the treatment of psychophysiological disorders.

주제어

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문제 정의

arvensis essential oil. This study provides evidence that M. arvensis essential oil as a potential source of aromatic compounds with great potential on the treatment of psychophysiological disorders.

제안 방법

SFE of the essential oil from aerial parts of M. arvensis was carried out under different conditions of temperature (40, 50, 60 and 70℃) and pressure (200, 300 and 400 bar), in order to evaluate their influence on the yield of the essential oil (Fig. 1). The influence of four different temperatures on the essential oil isolated from M.
arvensis, it is surprising that no psychophysiological study has been performed concerning the effect of its essential oil on EEG activity of human brain. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to determine the chemical composition of essential oil from aerial parts of M. arvensis using GC/MS analysis and to evaluate the effect of its inhalation on EEG activity of human brain.
During the extraction pr℃ess, the extraction pressure, extraction temperature and CO₂ flow rate were controlled by adjusting the regulating valves. To optimize the SFE conditions for MAO, the extraction was conducted at different pressures (200, 300 and 400 bar) and temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70℃). The CO₂ flow rate was maintained at 30 ml/min.

대상 데이터

, Pyeongchang, South Korea. A voucher specimen was deposited in the Herbarium of Kangwon National University under the number KWNU 85135. The plant material was dried at room temperature, ground to a powder using a blender and stored at -20℃ prior to use.
, Daejeon, Korea). Carbon dioxide (99.5%, w/w pure) was delivered from a standard cylinder and compressed to an extraction pressure by an air-driven liquid pump. For each condition, about 120 g of milled M.
Twenty right-handed healthy volunteers (10 men and 10 women) aged 20-30 years participated in this study. None of the subjects had olfactory diseases, smoked or abused drugs.

데이터처리

, Daejeon, Korea). The SPSS statistical package 18 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for data analysis on EEG activity before and during the exposure of MAO by a paired t-test based on the EEG power spectrum values.

이론/모형

The mean power values [microvolt (μV)] were calculated for 25 EEG analysis indicators (Table 1). The t-mapping of EEG waves of brain was constructed by using Telescan software package (LXSMD61, LAXTHA Inc., Daejeon, Korea). The SPSS statistical package 18 (SPSS, Inc.

성능/효과

Overall results in the study show that the higher yield of essential oil was obtained through SFE at 70℃ and 200 bar pressure. The GC/MS analysis of essential oil indicated that the separation of 32 components.
The identified compounds of the MAO were listed in Table 2 according to their area percentage. Results showed that among 32 components identified, (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrien-1-ol (50.06%) was found to be major compound in the essential oil of aerial parts of M. arvensis. In addition, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone (7.
arvensis aerial parts was studied using a constant pressure of 400 bar. The results indicated that the significant increase of essential oil yield with increase of temperature from 40℃ (0.28%) to 50℃ (1.33%) and the yield was nearly same when increase the temperature from 50℃ (1.33%) to 60℃ (1.35%). However, the yield was increased with further increment of temperature from 60℃ (1.
Previously, several studies have stated that alpha activity was increased significantly due to the inhalation of fragrances and provided relaxing effect on brain activity [6, 9, 19]. The results of present study showed that the increase of fast alpha waves enhanced the attention and relaxation effects of brain functions. The alpha activity (8-13 Hz) is one of the fundamental electrophysiological events of the human electroencephalogram (EEG).

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