폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트)-개질된 전분과 스티렌-부타디엔 고무의 혼합에서 커플링제 메틸렌 디이소시아네이트의 효과 Effect of Coupling Agent, Methylene Diisocyanate, in the Blending of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Modified Starch and Styrene-Butadiene Rubber원문보기
메틸렌 디이소시아네이트(MDI)가 폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트)-개질된 전분/스티렌-부타디엔 고무(PMMA-modified starch/SBR) 복합체의 물성을 향상시키기 위하여 새로운 개질제로 조사되었다. 한쪽에는 우레탄 결합의 형성으로 인해 다른 한쪽에는 ${\pi}-{\pi}$ 접착 때문에 MDI는 PMMA-modified starch/SBR 계면에서 중간 결합 역할을 하는 것이 형태학적, 기계적, 동역학적 그리고 열적 분해 연구에 의하여 증명되었다. 결과적으로, MDI의 존재는 PMMA-modified starch/SBR 복합체의 기계적 물성과 열적 안정성을 괄목할만하게 개선하였다. 게다가, 생성된 MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR 복합체의 여러 가지 물성에 대한 전분 함량의 효과가 형태학, 가황 특성, 기계적 물성, 톨루엔 팽윤 거동, 그리고 열적 안정성에서 조사되었고 자세하게 논의되었다. MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR 복합체는 carbon black/SBR(CB/SBR) 복합체보다 우수한 물성을 보였고, 고무 배합물에서 CB의 대체물로서 재생 가능한 전분의 유력한 사용을 보여주었다.
메틸렌 디이소시아네이트(MDI)가 폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트)-개질된 전분/스티렌-부타디엔 고무(PMMA-modified starch/SBR) 복합체의 물성을 향상시키기 위하여 새로운 개질제로 조사되었다. 한쪽에는 우레탄 결합의 형성으로 인해 다른 한쪽에는 ${\pi}-{\pi}$ 접착 때문에 MDI는 PMMA-modified starch/SBR 계면에서 중간 결합 역할을 하는 것이 형태학적, 기계적, 동역학적 그리고 열적 분해 연구에 의하여 증명되었다. 결과적으로, MDI의 존재는 PMMA-modified starch/SBR 복합체의 기계적 물성과 열적 안정성을 괄목할만하게 개선하였다. 게다가, 생성된 MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR 복합체의 여러 가지 물성에 대한 전분 함량의 효과가 형태학, 가황 특성, 기계적 물성, 톨루엔 팽윤 거동, 그리고 열적 안정성에서 조사되었고 자세하게 논의되었다. MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR 복합체는 carbon black/SBR(CB/SBR) 복합체보다 우수한 물성을 보였고, 고무 배합물에서 CB의 대체물로서 재생 가능한 전분의 유력한 사용을 보여주었다.
Methylene diisocyanate (MDI) was investigated as a novel interfacial modifier to enhance the performances of poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified starch/styrene-butadiene rubber (PMMA-modified starch/SBR) composites. Owing to the formation urethane linkage on one side and ${\pi}-{\pi}$ adhe...
Methylene diisocyanate (MDI) was investigated as a novel interfacial modifier to enhance the performances of poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified starch/styrene-butadiene rubber (PMMA-modified starch/SBR) composites. Owing to the formation urethane linkage on one side and ${\pi}-{\pi}$ adhesion on the other side, MDI acted as an intermediated linkage role in the PMMA-modified starch/SBR interfaces, which was evidenced by the morphological, mechanical, dynamic mechanical and thermal decomposition studies. As a result, the presence of MDI significantly improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites. In addition, the effect of starch concentration on the various performances of the resulted MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites, such as morphology, vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, toluene swelling behavior, and thermal stability were investigated and discussed in detail. The obtained MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites exhibited superior mechanical properties to carbon black/SBR (CB/SBR) composites, demonstrating the potential use of the renewable starch as a substitute for CB in the rubber compounds.
Methylene diisocyanate (MDI) was investigated as a novel interfacial modifier to enhance the performances of poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified starch/styrene-butadiene rubber (PMMA-modified starch/SBR) composites. Owing to the formation urethane linkage on one side and ${\pi}-{\pi}$ adhesion on the other side, MDI acted as an intermediated linkage role in the PMMA-modified starch/SBR interfaces, which was evidenced by the morphological, mechanical, dynamic mechanical and thermal decomposition studies. As a result, the presence of MDI significantly improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites. In addition, the effect of starch concentration on the various performances of the resulted MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites, such as morphology, vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, toluene swelling behavior, and thermal stability were investigated and discussed in detail. The obtained MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites exhibited superior mechanical properties to carbon black/SBR (CB/SBR) composites, demonstrating the potential use of the renewable starch as a substitute for CB in the rubber compounds.
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문제 정의
By now, the MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites have been developed. The objective of this research is to utilize of starch as fillers to fully replace the traditional filler carbon black for SBR compounds. Therefore, we comparatively investigated the mechanical properties of the developed MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites with starch/SBR composites and CB/SBR composites, as shown in Figure 7.
제안 방법
1. The presence of MDI enhanced the interfacial bonding between PMMA-modified starch and SBR matrix, which was evidenced by FE-SEM observations, tensile tests, DMA and TGA analyses. The optimum concentration of MDI in the PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites with 20 phr of starch was found be 1 phr.
2. The performances of the resulted MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites with different starch concentration were investigated. FE-SEM observations showed the homogeneous dispersion state of MDI/PMMA-modified starch throughout the SBR matrix.
In this work, MDI was used as a coupling agent to enhance the interfacial bonding between PMMA-modified starch and SBR matrix. The choice of MDI as coupling agent was taken into account on the basis of the following facts: (1) MDI contains two highly active isocyanate groups in the molecule.
The aromatic functional group is expected to attach with the aromatic functional group of SBR via π-π interactions; (3) MDI is the most produced diisocyanates in the global market and therefore its price is much lower than other isocyanates. The performances of the resulted MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites, including morphology, vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, toluene swelling behavior, and thermal stability, were investigated and optimized by tailoring the concentration of MDI and starch. Moreover, a comparison investigation was also considered with the starch and the conventional reinforcing filler carbon black.
대상 데이터
Styrene-butadiene rubber latex (SBR 1502) with styrene content 23.5 wt% was manufactured by Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co. (KKPC), South Korea. PMMA-modified starch emulsions with 10, 20, 30 and 40 phr of starch were synthesized via emulsion polymerization using potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator and dodecylbezenesulfonic acid sodium salt (DBS-Na) as emulsifier, as reported in our previous research.
성능/효과
3. In comparison to starch/SBR and CB/SBR composites, MDI /PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites showed superior mechanical properties. Therefore, it is concluded that the developed MDI/PMMA-modified starch could fully apply as the renewable fillers instead of the non-renewable fillers –carbon black to reinforce the rubber compounds.
The influence of MDI concentration on the mechanical properties was also significant. As the MDI concentration increased from 0.5 to 3 phr, the 300% modulus was consistently increased from 3.4 to 7.5 MPa, whereas the elongation was consistently decreased from 832% to 405%. The maximum tensile strength was obtained when the concentration of MDI was 1 phr.
It is observed that the theoretically predicted values using the Guth-Gold model were much lower than the experimentally measured values, since the formation of some extent of complex networks from starch agglomerates can’t be neglected.
Excess of starch also deteriorated the tear strength. Therefore, based on the results of mechanical properties, it is concluded that the composites containing 20 phr of starch exhibited the optimum mechanical performances, showing 292% increment in 300% modulus, 355% increment in tensile strength, 2% increment in elongation, 395% increment in tear strength and 24% increment in hardness.
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