본 연구에서는 간혹 흰바위취(Micranthes manchuriensis)와 동일종으로 취급되기도 하는 한국 고유종 구실바위취(Saxifraga octopetala)의 분류학적 지위를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 구실바위취의 계통학적 위치와 종의 경계를 확인하기 위해 두 종의 기준표본에 대한 형태적 검토와 핵 리보솜 DNA의 ITS 지역 염기서열에 대한 집중적인 계통분석을 시행하였다. 총 65개 구실바위취 개체는 ITS 계통수에서 하나의 무리를 이루면서 Micranthes 분기군(clade)에 포함되었고, 톱바위취 및 흰바위취와 가까운 계통 유연관계를 나타내었다. 중국과 러시아에서 채집된 다수의 흰바위취 개체 역시 독자적인 분기군을 형성하면서 M. nelsoniana var. pacifica 및 M. fusca와 자매군을 이루었다. 구실바위취의 실체가 모호했던 것은 흰바위취 개체와 톱바위취의 화서를 함께 포함하고 있는 복합표본인 Wilford의 채집품(흰바위취의 기준표본)을 Nakai가 잘못 관찰하였기 때문으로 생각되었다. 구실바위취와 흰바위취의 높은 형태적 유사성에도 불구하고 이들은 지하 포복경의 특징에 있어서 차이를 보였다. ITS 계통수에서 구실바위취가 Micranthes 내에 자리하는 것으로 나타나 구실바위취는 Micranthes 내에서 종의 지위를 유지하여야 할 것으로 판단되었고, 이에 따라 신조합명(Micranthes octopetala)을 발표하였다.
본 연구에서는 간혹 흰바위취(Micranthes manchuriensis)와 동일종으로 취급되기도 하는 한국 고유종 구실바위취(Saxifraga octopetala)의 분류학적 지위를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 구실바위취의 계통학적 위치와 종의 경계를 확인하기 위해 두 종의 기준표본에 대한 형태적 검토와 핵 리보솜 DNA의 ITS 지역 염기서열에 대한 집중적인 계통분석을 시행하였다. 총 65개 구실바위취 개체는 ITS 계통수에서 하나의 무리를 이루면서 Micranthes 분기군(clade)에 포함되었고, 톱바위취 및 흰바위취와 가까운 계통 유연관계를 나타내었다. 중국과 러시아에서 채집된 다수의 흰바위취 개체 역시 독자적인 분기군을 형성하면서 M. nelsoniana var. pacifica 및 M. fusca와 자매군을 이루었다. 구실바위취의 실체가 모호했던 것은 흰바위취 개체와 톱바위취의 화서를 함께 포함하고 있는 복합표본인 Wilford의 채집품(흰바위취의 기준표본)을 Nakai가 잘못 관찰하였기 때문으로 생각되었다. 구실바위취와 흰바위취의 높은 형태적 유사성에도 불구하고 이들은 지하 포복경의 특징에 있어서 차이를 보였다. ITS 계통수에서 구실바위취가 Micranthes 내에 자리하는 것으로 나타나 구실바위취는 Micranthes 내에서 종의 지위를 유지하여야 할 것으로 판단되었고, 이에 따라 신조합명(Micranthes octopetala)을 발표하였다.
This study was conducted to address the taxonomic status of the Korean endemic species Saxifraga octopetala, which is sometimes considered conspecific to Micranthes manchuriensis. Extensive molecular phylogenetic analysis using nrITS sequences as well as morphological examination of type specimens o...
This study was conducted to address the taxonomic status of the Korean endemic species Saxifraga octopetala, which is sometimes considered conspecific to Micranthes manchuriensis. Extensive molecular phylogenetic analysis using nrITS sequences as well as morphological examination of type specimens of the two species were undertaken to ascertain the phylogenetic position and species delimitation of S. octopetala. In the resulting nrITS trees, a total of 65 accessions representing S. octopetala grouped together and nested within the Micranthes clade, exhibiting a close relationship with M. nelsoniana and M. manchuriensis. Multiple accessions of M. manchuriensis collected from China and Russia also formed a clade, showing a sister group relationship with M. nelsoniana var. pacifica and M. fusca. The ambiguous species entity of S. octopetala is thought to have originated from Nakai's misinterpretation of Wilford's collection (type specimens of M. manchuriensis), which is a complex collection including an inflorescence of M. nelsoniana. In spite of apparent morphological similarity between S. octopetala and M. manchuriensis, they differ in the presence and absence of underground stolons. The distinct position of S. octopetala within the Micranthes clade on the nrITS tree suggests that it should retain species status in Micranthes. Thus a new combination (Micranthes octopetala) is proposed.
This study was conducted to address the taxonomic status of the Korean endemic species Saxifraga octopetala, which is sometimes considered conspecific to Micranthes manchuriensis. Extensive molecular phylogenetic analysis using nrITS sequences as well as morphological examination of type specimens of the two species were undertaken to ascertain the phylogenetic position and species delimitation of S. octopetala. In the resulting nrITS trees, a total of 65 accessions representing S. octopetala grouped together and nested within the Micranthes clade, exhibiting a close relationship with M. nelsoniana and M. manchuriensis. Multiple accessions of M. manchuriensis collected from China and Russia also formed a clade, showing a sister group relationship with M. nelsoniana var. pacifica and M. fusca. The ambiguous species entity of S. octopetala is thought to have originated from Nakai's misinterpretation of Wilford's collection (type specimens of M. manchuriensis), which is a complex collection including an inflorescence of M. nelsoniana. In spite of apparent morphological similarity between S. octopetala and M. manchuriensis, they differ in the presence and absence of underground stolons. The distinct position of S. octopetala within the Micranthes clade on the nrITS tree suggests that it should retain species status in Micranthes. Thus a new combination (Micranthes octopetala) is proposed.
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제안 방법
2 (Ronquist and Huelsenbeck, 2003). For the MP and ML phlyogenetic analyses, heuristic searches with the MULTREES option, ten random entries of taxa, and TBR (Tree Bisection-Reconnection) branch swapping were selected. TVM + G model was applied for ML and BI analyses as the best fit evolutionary model, which was calculated by using jModelTest 2.
, 2014). It should be emphasized that this result is based on examination of multiple (up to 65) accessions representing each taxon and on careful collection of leaves (from flowering individuals) for DNA analysis. Identical topology and relatively high statistical supports for the relationship (Figs.
Table 1. Sequence information on Micranthes and three outgroup taxa (Chrysosplenium alternifolium, C. valdepilosum, and Peltoboykinia tellimoides) examined in this study.
대상 데이터
Two type specimens of M. manchuriensis (= Saxifraga manchuriensis), which are assumed to have been referred by Nakai (1918), were observed using the high resolution digital images provided by K (http:// apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000618434) and HUH (http://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/specimen_sear ch.php?mode=details&id=255501).
이론/모형
Gaps introduced from the alignment were treated as missing characters in subsequent analyses. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using Maximum Parsimony (MP), Maximum Likelihood (ML), and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. MP and ML analyses were conducted in PAUP* ver.
For the MP and ML phlyogenetic analyses, heuristic searches with the MULTREES option, ten random entries of taxa, and TBR (Tree Bisection-Reconnection) branch swapping were selected. TVM + G model was applied for ML and BI analyses as the best fit evolutionary model, which was calculated by using jModelTest 2.1.7 (Darriba et al., 2012). Bootstrap analyses (Felsenstein, 1985) with 1000 replicates were conducted to evaluate the degree of support for given clades for ML and MP analysis using the same options as tree search.
성능/효과
As a result of examining four type specimens of Saxifraga octopetala, scanned images of Micranthes manchuriensis types, and specimens collected by the authors from 6 populations in Korea, China, and Russia, no definite morphological differences in the leaf shape or floral features were found between the two taxa. Careful observation on type materials and other specimens revealed that both S.
aestivalis (Table 2). Considering the strong morphological similarities between S. octopetala and M. manchuriensis, an nrITS sequence difference of 18 to 26 bp between the two taxa is a noteworthy result. This suggests that substantial genetic divergence has occurred between these lineages.
manchuriensis have flowers with 8 (or sometimes 9) petals. It was confirmed that the type specimen of M. manchuriensis deposited in HUH was a complex collection consisting of a M. manchuriensis individual and an inflorescence assumed to be from another species of Micranthes, probably M. nelsoniana var. aestivalis, which has a loose inflorescence and flowers with 5 petals (Fig.
00). S. octopetala grouped with M. manchuriensis, M. nelsoniana, and M. fusca within the section Rotundifoliatae (A.M. Johnson) Tkach of the Micranthes clade, which was supported by bootstrap values (97/79 in MP/ML analysis) and posterior probability (1.00).
The sequence lengths of the nrITS regions of the examined taxa ranged from 637 bp (Micranthes brachypetala (Malyschev) Gornall & H. Ohba) to 669 bp (Peltoboykinia tellimoides (Maxim.) H. Hara).
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