초록

본 연구에서는 히카마의 식품성분들을 분석하고 건조방법에 따른 특성들을 비교하여 식품 가공시 활용될 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 히카마의 수분함량은 81.81%이었으며, 열풍건조물과 동결건조물의 수분함량은 $13.26{\pm}0.26$, $11.34{\pm}0.19%$ 이었다. 수분을 제외한 고형분의 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분, 탄수화물은 열풍건조물에서 $2.85{\pm}0.27$, $0.79{\pm}0.08$, $7.93{\pm}0.52$, $88.44{\pm}0.63%$ 이었으며, 동결건조물에서 $3.93{\pm}0.65$, $0.83{\pm}0.02$, $7.92{\pm}0.33$, $87.32{\pm}0.36%$ 이었다. 열풍건조물과 동결건조물의 색도에서는 명도(L값) 는 $88.01{\pm}0.67$와 $92.86{\pm}0.11$으로 동결건조물이 더 높았으며, 적색도(a값), 황색도(b값)는 각각 $0.43{\pm}0.11$와$-0.67{\pm}0.11$, $11.96{\pm}1.50$와 $3.21{\pm}0.31$으로 열풍건조물이 더 높았다. 건조방법에 따른 갈변을 살펴본 결과 열풍건조물이 $0.107{\pm}0.004$, 동결건조물이 $0.029{\pm}0.002$으로 열에 의한 갈변이 나타났다. 총당 측정은 열풍건조물이 $46.49{\pm}3.00mg/g$, 동결건조물이 $45.11{\pm}3.24mg/g$으로 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 아밀로오스의 경우는 열풍건물이 $5.66{\pm}0.21%$, 동결건조물이 $6.63{\pm}0.15%$으로 차이를 보였다. DPPH free radical 소거능은 열풍건조물과 동결건조물 시료 1 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL 0.1 mg/mL에서 각각 19.74, 17.61, 18.23%와 17.18, 17.54, 15.88%로 열풍건조물에서 높게 측정되었으나, 아스코르빈산과 비교하였을 때 낮은 수준을 보였다.

Abstract

This study was performed in order to provide basic data for predicting the usefulness of Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) as a food raw material. The changes in the physicochemical properties of freeze-dried and hot air-dried Jicama were investigated and analyzed. The moisture content of raw Jicama was 81.84%. The crude protein, crude fat, crude ash and carbohydrate content of hot air-dried Jicama powder were 2.85, 0.79, 7.93 and 88.44%, while those of freeze-dried Jicama powder were 3.93, 0.83, 7.92 and 87.32%, respectively on dry basis. Regarding the color values, the lightness of freeze-dried Jicama (92.86) was higher than that of the hot air-dried Jicama (88.01), whereas the redness (-0.67) and yellowness (3.21) of freeze-dried Jicama were lower than those of the hot air-dried Jicama (0.43) and (11.96), respectively. The brown index was lower in the freeze-dried Jicama (0.029) than in hot air-dried Jicama (0.107). The total sugar content showed no significant differences between freeze (46.49 mg/g) and hot air-dried Jicama (45.11 mg/g). Finally, the amylose content was higher in freeze-dried Jicama (5.66%) than in hot air-dried Jicama (6.63%).

주제어

#Pachyrhizus erosus   #yam bean   #quality characteristics   #freeze drying   #hot air drying  

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