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NTIS 바로가기한국균학회지 = The Korean journal of mycology, v.43 no.2, 2015년, pp.77 - 87
Insects are commonly infected by fungal diseases and are mostly susceptible to them. Increasing levels of insecticide resistance has recently become an issue for control programs; thus, research has focused on mosquito control using entomopathogenic fungi, including fungal pathogens such as Beauveri...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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전 세계적으로 가장 많이 사용되는 해충 방제 방법은 무엇인가? | 전세계적으로 해충 방제 방법은 살충제를 이용한 화학적 방제가 가장 많이 사용되고 있고, 현재는 새롭게 개발된 친환경적이고 좀 더 인간에게 안전한 살충제가 이전에 개발된 살충제를 점점 대체해 나가고 있다. 하지만 환경오염과 매개충의 살충제 저항성 문제로 인해[6], 지난 수십 년간 화학적 방제를 대체할 생물적 방제에 대한 연구에 많은 관심을 가지면서 최근에는 화학적 방제를 대체할 수단으로 곰팡이를 이용하는 말라리아 매개 모기 방제에 관한 연구가 말라리아에 의해 매년 60만명 이상이 사망하는 아프리카를 중심으로 큰 관심을 받고 있다[7-12]. | |
곤충병원성 곰팡이 감염은 주로 어떤 부위를 통해 이루어지는가? | 1835년 Beauveria bassiana가 발견된 이래로[1] 곰팡이를 이용한 많은 상업적 상품들이 해충 방제에 이용되고 있다[2, 3]. 주로 곤충의 외피, 섭취, 상처 또는 기관을 통해서 곤충병원성 곰팡이 감염이 이루어지고[4] 지금까지 약 90속 700종 이상이 이러한 감염에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다[5]. | |
병원성 곰팡이를 모기에 감염시키기 위한 사육실 내 실험 중 World Health Organization의 권장 방제 시험 방법은 어떻게 수행하는가? | 1B). 이 방법은 만들어진 포자를 타일 위에 펌프 스프레이를 이용하여 분사 후 24시간 동안 실내온도에서 건조시킨 뒤, 타일 위에 플라스틱 고깔을 덮고 30~60 마리의 흡혈하지 않은 암컷 모기를 넣고 실험 용도에 맞게 곰팡이의 노출 시간을 조절 한다. 노출 후 모기들은 곰팡이 처리가 되지 않은 정상 우리로 옮겨지고 흡혈 또는 10% 포도당 용액을 제공한다. 모기가 모두 죽거나 14일이 될 때까지 죽은 모기 수를 계산하고 우리에서 제거한다. 모기 유충의 경우, 플라스틱 컵에 50 mL 증류수와 25마리의 유충을 넣고 1 mL의 곰팡이 포자 현탁액 (109, 108, 107, 106, 105 conidia/mL)을 섞어 실험에 사용한다[15]. 이 후 10일 동안 유충에게 먹이를 지속적으로 주면서 매일 치사율을 조사한다. 상기의 모든 실험은 분석 오차를 줄이기 위해서 각 분석당 최소 3~4번 반복하는 것이 일반적이고, 이 방법이 곤충병원성 곰팡이의 모기에 대한 살충효과를 검정하는데 주된 실험법으로 통용되고 있다. |
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