본 연구에서는 북극과 남극에서 기온과 수온이 영하임에도 불구하고 얼음이 없는 광범위한 지역(인공증빙가능역)이 존재하는 것에 주목하여, 이 지역에 인공적으로 해빙을 생성하여 지구 표면의 알베도를 높이는 방식으로 지구온난화를 완화하는 방법을 제안하였다. 대략 $4.09{\times}10^6km^2$의 해빙면적이 추가되면 지구온난화 효과로 가정되는 약 $0.85Wm^{-2}$ 에너지가 상쇄된다고 계산되었다. 또한, 인공적으로 해빙을 생성하기 위한 세 가지 빙판 생성 방법(배로 물 뿌리기, 빙판생성장치 운용, 수면에 GCF부유물질 띄우기)을 제안하였다. 간단한 에너지평형모형 실험에 따르면, 3개월 (9, 10, 11월) 동안 인공증빙가능역에 해빙을 최대로 생성할 경우, 다음해에 대략 $0.11^{\circ}C$의 지구표면온도 하강이 기대되었다. 반면에 모든 계절을 통해 생성할 경우, 오히려 지구 냉각화를 초래할 위험성도 발견되었다.
본 연구에서는 북극과 남극에서 기온과 수온이 영하임에도 불구하고 얼음이 없는 광범위한 지역(인공증빙가능역)이 존재하는 것에 주목하여, 이 지역에 인공적으로 해빙을 생성하여 지구 표면의 알베도를 높이는 방식으로 지구온난화를 완화하는 방법을 제안하였다. 대략 $4.09{\times}10^6km^2$의 해빙면적이 추가되면 지구온난화 효과로 가정되는 약 $0.85Wm^{-2}$ 에너지가 상쇄된다고 계산되었다. 또한, 인공적으로 해빙을 생성하기 위한 세 가지 빙판 생성 방법(배로 물 뿌리기, 빙판생성장치 운용, 수면에 GCF부유물질 띄우기)을 제안하였다. 간단한 에너지평형모형 실험에 따르면, 3개월 (9, 10, 11월) 동안 인공증빙가능역에 해빙을 최대로 생성할 경우, 다음해에 대략 $0.11^{\circ}C$의 지구표면온도 하강이 기대되었다. 반면에 모든 계절을 통해 생성할 경우, 오히려 지구 냉각화를 초래할 위험성도 발견되었다.
This study suggests a method of alleviating global warming by the increase of the Earth surface albedo through Artificial Sea ice Increasing (ASI) over the Available Freezing Areas (AFA). The method is developed based on the fact that the large sea surface area in or near the Arctic and the Antarcti...
This study suggests a method of alleviating global warming by the increase of the Earth surface albedo through Artificial Sea ice Increasing (ASI) over the Available Freezing Areas (AFA). The method is developed based on the fact that the large sea surface area in or near the Arctic and the Antarctic has no ice even though both water and air temperatures are below zero and the artificial sea ice generation is thus available. The mean energy of $0.85Wm^{-2}$, which was suspected of adding to the earth by the global warming effect was calculated to offset at once when the sea ice area about $4.09{\times}10^6km^2$ was additionally increased. In addition, three techniques for producing ice plates on the sea surface (using ships, installation apparatus, and floating matter such as Green Cell Foam) for ASI were proposed. According to the result of simple analysis using the energy balance model, when ASI was maximally operated only for 3 months (September, October, and November) over AFA, it is expected that the annual mean temperature of earth surface would be decreased about $0.11^{\circ}C$ in the following year. On the other hand, in case of generating the artificial sea ice in all four seasons, a risk of triggering snowball earth was detected.
This study suggests a method of alleviating global warming by the increase of the Earth surface albedo through Artificial Sea ice Increasing (ASI) over the Available Freezing Areas (AFA). The method is developed based on the fact that the large sea surface area in or near the Arctic and the Antarctic has no ice even though both water and air temperatures are below zero and the artificial sea ice generation is thus available. The mean energy of $0.85Wm^{-2}$, which was suspected of adding to the earth by the global warming effect was calculated to offset at once when the sea ice area about $4.09{\times}10^6km^2$ was additionally increased. In addition, three techniques for producing ice plates on the sea surface (using ships, installation apparatus, and floating matter such as Green Cell Foam) for ASI were proposed. According to the result of simple analysis using the energy balance model, when ASI was maximally operated only for 3 months (September, October, and November) over AFA, it is expected that the annual mean temperature of earth surface would be decreased about $0.11^{\circ}C$ in the following year. On the other hand, in case of generating the artificial sea ice in all four seasons, a risk of triggering snowball earth was detected.
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가설 설정
The statistics of the Figure 7 is presented at the Table 1. Although the coefficient of variation increased at Case 3 as well, such increase was obviously smaller than at Case 2. The increase range was smallest when sea ice was maximally generated in AFA during the spring of the southern hemisphere.
제안 방법
Accordingly, this study calculated the area of the sea ice additionally required to reflect solar radiation energy that is equal to the global warming energy the earth receives, investigated the area and the locations of AFA, and analyzed the appropriate season and the place for the artificial sea ice increasing (ASI). In addition, this study proposed three techniques for ASI and examined how much cooling effect they had through the analysis of a simple Energy Balance Model (hereafter, EMB).
An analysis of the energy balance model was conducted in order to examine how much cooling effect they had when sea ice was generated by applying the above introduced techniques. Budyko (1969) noted that the sum of radiation energy amount released from the earth’s surface and energy transport amount transmitted to cold latitude areas was equal to solar radiation energy amount absorbed in the earth’s surface.
Accordingly, this study calculated the area of the sea ice additionally required to reflect solar radiation energy that is equal to the global warming energy the earth receives, investigated the area and the locations of AFA, and analyzed the appropriate season and the place for the artificial sea ice increasing (ASI). In addition, this study proposed three techniques for ASI and examined how much cooling effect they had through the analysis of a simple Energy Balance Model (hereafter, EMB).
In order to calculate the area of sea ice additionally needed to increasing the albedo of the earth’s surface, the surface condition was divided into ice covered (IC) areas and ice free (IF) areas.
7. Interannual variations of the mean earth surface temperature calculated by the Energy Balance Model along ASI duration; the observation (Case 1 in table 1), maximum ASI during all seasons (Case 2), and during a single season only on spring, summer, fall and winter respectively at southern hemisphere (Case 3).
This study proposed a method to alleviate or terminate global warming; increasing the amount of reflected solar radiation energy in the way of increasing the albedo of the earth, using the methods that extend the sea ice area in the polar region. The earth was divided into two areas.
대상 데이터
Data on monthly mean sea surface temperature and ice concentration provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) were used. Latitude and longitude interval of the data was 1˚×1˚ and the period was from December 1981 to December 2011.
성능/효과
Therefore, that AFA are large when the area of sea ice is maximum means that sea ice has not been generated because of some factors, even though favorable environment to generate sea ice has been formed in winter. In conclusion, if ASI is initiated from fall when the AFA start to increase, sea ice will be actively formed together with the positive feedback effect through the winter, and because large area of sea ice has been generated in spring when starting to receive the solar radiation, a considerable amount of solar radiation energy will be able to be reflected until summer.
후속연구
As a result, this study has a limitation of having to be utilized as reference data. Likewise, this study merely presented a possibility, and therefore additional research should be conducted encompassing deep and wide fields in order to practically apply the results of this study.
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