본 연구에서는 배추를 이용하여 저염 피클을 개발하기 위한 기초적인 연구로 저장기간 중 배추 피클의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화 활성에 대해 분석하였다. 조미액 함량을 달리한 각각의 배추 피클(NCP, NCP-1)을 $-4^{\circ}C$에서 60일 동안 저장하였다. NCP 및 NCP-1의 pH는 저장 0일째 각각 $4.51{\pm}0.15$, $4.85{\pm}0.08$로 나타났으며 이후 감소하였다. 산도는 NCP 및 NCP-1에서 저장 0일째 각각 0.51%, 0.38%로 나타났으며 이후 각각 0.67%, 0.56%로 증가하였다. 염도는 1.77~2.22% 범위를 유지하였다. 색도의 L값은 NCP 및 NCP-1 모두 0일째에서 최대값을 나타났으며 이후 감소하였다. 또한, 색도의 a값은 증가하였고, b값은 감소하여 갈변 현상이 진행된 것을 알 수 있었다. 물성의 인장강도는 저장 0일째 NCP에서 $10.90{\pm}0.05kgf/cm^2$, NCP-1에서는 $11.84{\pm}0.05kgf/cm^2$로 최소값이 나타났으며 절단력은 저장 0일째 NCP에서 $1004{\pm}7.12gf/cm^2$, NCP-1에서는 $845{\pm}5.27gf/cm^2$로 최대값이 나타났다. 전체적인 기호도는 NCP-1에서 저장 45일째 $4.25{\pm}0.10$로 최대값이 나타났으며 항산화 활성은 저장 60일째 66.04%로 최대값이 나타났다. 60일간 저장기간 동안에도 연부현상이 발생하지 않았다. 그래서 최적의 배추 피클은 조미액 중 간장함량을 줄인 NCP-1이 적합하다고 판단된다. 본 연구 결과는 배추가 저염 피클제품으로서 이용 가능성이 있음을 제시하고, 수입 위주의 피클을 대체함과 동시에 배추를 이용한 식품의 다양화에 기여 할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.
본 연구에서는 배추를 이용하여 저염 피클을 개발하기 위한 기초적인 연구로 저장기간 중 배추 피클의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화 활성에 대해 분석하였다. 조미액 함량을 달리한 각각의 배추 피클(NCP, NCP-1)을 $-4^{\circ}C$에서 60일 동안 저장하였다. NCP 및 NCP-1의 pH는 저장 0일째 각각 $4.51{\pm}0.15$, $4.85{\pm}0.08$로 나타났으며 이후 감소하였다. 산도는 NCP 및 NCP-1에서 저장 0일째 각각 0.51%, 0.38%로 나타났으며 이후 각각 0.67%, 0.56%로 증가하였다. 염도는 1.77~2.22% 범위를 유지하였다. 색도의 L값은 NCP 및 NCP-1 모두 0일째에서 최대값을 나타났으며 이후 감소하였다. 또한, 색도의 a값은 증가하였고, b값은 감소하여 갈변 현상이 진행된 것을 알 수 있었다. 물성의 인장강도는 저장 0일째 NCP에서 $10.90{\pm}0.05kgf/cm^2$, NCP-1에서는 $11.84{\pm}0.05kgf/cm^2$로 최소값이 나타났으며 절단력은 저장 0일째 NCP에서 $1004{\pm}7.12gf/cm^2$, NCP-1에서는 $845{\pm}5.27gf/cm^2$로 최대값이 나타났다. 전체적인 기호도는 NCP-1에서 저장 45일째 $4.25{\pm}0.10$로 최대값이 나타났으며 항산화 활성은 저장 60일째 66.04%로 최대값이 나타났다. 60일간 저장기간 동안에도 연부현상이 발생하지 않았다. 그래서 최적의 배추 피클은 조미액 중 간장함량을 줄인 NCP-1이 적합하다고 판단된다. 본 연구 결과는 배추가 저염 피클제품으로서 이용 가능성이 있음을 제시하고, 수입 위주의 피클을 대체함과 동시에 배추를 이용한 식품의 다양화에 기여 할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.
The principal objective of this fundamental research was to analyze the physicochemical properties the and antioxidative activity of Napa cabbage pickle (NCP) for development of low-salt pickles. NCP-1 was a smaller than NCP at amount soy sauce (10%). The pH of NCP and NCP-1 were $4.51{\pm}0.15...
The principal objective of this fundamental research was to analyze the physicochemical properties the and antioxidative activity of Napa cabbage pickle (NCP) for development of low-salt pickles. NCP-1 was a smaller than NCP at amount soy sauce (10%). The pH of NCP and NCP-1 were $4.51{\pm}0.15$, $4.85{\pm}0.08$ immediately after preparation. The pH of NCP and NCP-1 was reduced to $4.08{\pm}0.05$ and $4.31{\pm}0.12$ over time during 60 days of storage. The acidity of the NCP and NCP-1 immediately after preparation were 0.51% and 0.38% and increased to 0.67% and 0.56% after 60 days of storage. The salinity for the NCP ranged from 1.71-2.22% and NCP-1 ranged from 1.18-1.63%. The L value, which indicates the lightness, was the highest at day 0 and the lowest at 60 day. The tensile strength value of NCP was $10.9{\pm}0.05kgf/cm^2$ and NCP-1 in $11.84{\pm}0.11kgf/cm^2$ at day 0 and then significantly decreased with time in storage. The cutting force of NCP was $1004{\pm}7.12gf/cm^2$ and NCP-1 in $845{\pm}5.27gf/cm^2$ at day 0, which increased over time in storage. The overall acceptability of NCP was the highest at day 30, but the overall acceptability of NCP-1 was the highest at day 45. NCP-1 extracts at day 60 showed the highest antioxidant activity of 66.04%, whereas the NCP extract at day 0 showed the lowest antioxidant activity of 45.41%. These results showed that depending on the content of the seasoning pickle difference in the antioxidant activity. Thus, the best pickled Napa cabbage is determined by a smaller amount soy sauce in NCP-1, and the results could provide a basis for improving the availability and quality of Napa cabbage.
The principal objective of this fundamental research was to analyze the physicochemical properties the and antioxidative activity of Napa cabbage pickle (NCP) for development of low-salt pickles. NCP-1 was a smaller than NCP at amount soy sauce (10%). The pH of NCP and NCP-1 were $4.51{\pm}0.15$, $4.85{\pm}0.08$ immediately after preparation. The pH of NCP and NCP-1 was reduced to $4.08{\pm}0.05$ and $4.31{\pm}0.12$ over time during 60 days of storage. The acidity of the NCP and NCP-1 immediately after preparation were 0.51% and 0.38% and increased to 0.67% and 0.56% after 60 days of storage. The salinity for the NCP ranged from 1.71-2.22% and NCP-1 ranged from 1.18-1.63%. The L value, which indicates the lightness, was the highest at day 0 and the lowest at 60 day. The tensile strength value of NCP was $10.9{\pm}0.05kgf/cm^2$ and NCP-1 in $11.84{\pm}0.11kgf/cm^2$ at day 0 and then significantly decreased with time in storage. The cutting force of NCP was $1004{\pm}7.12gf/cm^2$ and NCP-1 in $845{\pm}5.27gf/cm^2$ at day 0, which increased over time in storage. The overall acceptability of NCP was the highest at day 30, but the overall acceptability of NCP-1 was the highest at day 45. NCP-1 extracts at day 60 showed the highest antioxidant activity of 66.04%, whereas the NCP extract at day 0 showed the lowest antioxidant activity of 45.41%. These results showed that depending on the content of the seasoning pickle difference in the antioxidant activity. Thus, the best pickled Napa cabbage is determined by a smaller amount soy sauce in NCP-1, and the results could provide a basis for improving the availability and quality of Napa cabbage.
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문제 정의
Though reports have been made about pickling a variety of agricultural products, research on the pickle using napa cabbage has not been conducted. This study examines the using potential of napa cabbage as a low-salt pickle product, in hopes of contributing to the diversification of food with napa cabbage to generate pickle-oriented revenues.
가설 설정
1) All values are mean ± SD of the triplicate determination.
1)All values are mean ± SD of the triplicate determination.
2)All values are mean ± SD of the triplicate determination.
3)Tensile strength (kgf/cm2) in hardness.
제안 방법
For the sensory evaluation, stored NCP and NCP-1 were periodically removed from storage (0, 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days). The sensory evaluation was performed by 10-trained panelists, who were graduate students at the Chonnam National University, that were familiar with NCP and NCP-1 consumption.
Napa cabbage was produced at Yeosu-si Dolsan-eup, Korea and harvested in October 2015. Napa cabbage pickle (NCP) samples were prepared with napa cabbage (65%) (v/v), soy (15%), apple vinegar (7%), water (7%), garlic (1%) and condiment sauce (5%), and napa cabbage pickle(NCP-1) samples were prepared with napa cabbage (65%), soy sauce (10%), apple vinegar (7%), water (12%), garlic (1%) and condiment sauce(5%), and stored at 4℃ during 60 days after preparation.
The sensory evaluation was performed by 10-trained panelists, who were graduate students at the Chonnam National University, that were familiar with NCP and NCP-1 consumption. The panelists evaluated the NCP and NCP-1 randomly. The appearance, color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability were evaluated using a 5-point scale(1= very weak, 3=moderate, 5=very strong).
대상 데이터
Napa cabbage was produced at Yeosu-si Dolsan-eup, Korea and harvested in October 2015. Napa cabbage pickle (NCP) samples were prepared with napa cabbage (65%) (v/v), soy (15%), apple vinegar (7%), water (7%), garlic (1%) and condiment sauce (5%), and napa cabbage pickle(NCP-1) samples were prepared with napa cabbage (65%), soy sauce (10%), apple vinegar (7%), water (12%), garlic (1%) and condiment sauce(5%), and stored at 4℃ during 60 days after preparation.
The sensory evaluation was performed by 10-trained panelists, who were graduate students at the Chonnam National University, that were familiar with NCP and NCP-1 consumption.
데이터처리
One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s test were used for multiple comparisons with SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS Institute, Chicago, IL, USA).
The mean in row (a-b) and a column (A-F) followed by different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05 by Duncan’s range test.
The mean in row (a-c) and a column (A-F) followed by different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05 by Duncan’s range test.
The mean in row (a-e) and a column (A-F) followed by different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05 by Duncan’s range test.
이론/모형
The panelists evaluated the NCP and NCP-1 randomly. The appearance, color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability were evaluated using a 5-point scale(1= very weak, 3=moderate, 5=very strong).
The electron donation ability of the obtained methanol extracts was measured by bleaching a purple-colored solution of DPPH radicals based on the method of Blois [14]. Briefly, NCP and NCP-1 extracts were dissolved in ethanol (1 mg/ml) and were added to a 1 ml DPPH radical solution in methanol (final concentration of DPPH 0.
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