[논문]기술창업 초기기업의 성장의도와 성과에 미치는 영향

이창영; 황인호; 김진수

doi:10.16972/apjbve.11.2.201604.49

기술창업 초기기업의 성장의도와 성과에 미치는 영향
The Influential Factors to Growth Intention and Performance in Early-stage Technology-based Start-up Companies 원문보기

벤처창업연구= Asia-Pacific journal of business and venturing, v.11 no.2, 2016년, pp.49 - 62

이창영 (중앙대학교 LINC사업단 산학협력중점) , 황인호 ((사)한국창업경영연구원) , 김진수 (중앙대학교 경영경제대학 경영학부)

초록
AI-Helper

기술창업은 경제 성장, 고용창출 등 경제적 파급효과가 높기 때문에, 지속적 성장을 위한 접근 전략이 필요하다. 그러나 창업 후 1~2년이내 발생 가능성이 높은 죽음의 계곡(Death-Valley)을 극복하지 못하고 많은 기술창업기업이 시장에서 퇴출되고 있다. 본 연구는 기술창업 초기 기업이 죽음의 계곡을 극복하기 위한 성과에 미치는 영향변수에 대한 실증 연구이다. 기술창업기업 관련 선행 연구를 바탕으로 성과(재무적 성과, 기술적 성과)에 미치는 영향 요인을 성장의도를 제시하고, 인적 자원 특성(기업가 역량, 팀 몰입)과 성장의도와의 관계, 그리고 비즈니스네트워크의 조절 효과를 찾는다. 연구 가설 검증을 위하여 구조방정식 모델링을 실시하였으며, 청년창업사관학교 졸업기업을 대상으로 설문을 배포하였으며, 총 306부의 설문지를 회수하여, 연구 가설을 SPSS 21.0과 Amos 22.0을 사용하여 실증분석 하였다. 가설 검증 결과 재무적 성과와 기술적 성과에 성장의도가 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 기업가 역량(기술 역량, 전략적관리 역량, 창의역량)과 팀 몰입이 성장의도에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것을 증명하였다. 또한 비즈니스네트워크가 인적자원 특성과 성장의도간의 조절효과 관계가 있음을 증명하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 향후 창업 초기 기업의 지속적 성장을 위한 연구와 실무적 관점에 있어서 유용한 시사점을 제공해 줄 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Technology-based start-ups have great economic ripple effect such as economic growth and job creation. Therefore, a strategic approach is required in order for such start-ups to continuously grow. However, many technology-based start-ups do not survive the Death-Valley and are being eliminated from the market. This is an empirical study on influencing variables that have impact on their performance. This study presents growth intention and influencing variables that have impact on performance (financial performance, technological performance) based on previous research on technology-based start-up. Also, this study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial competence, team commitment and growth intention, and finds the effect of controlling business-network. Structural equation modeling was performed in order to test the research hypothesis. Survey was conducted on the firms that have been certified by Youth Startup Academy of Small and Medium Business Corporation. A total of 306 samples were collected from the survey. An empirical test was conducted on the research hypothesis using SPSS 21.0 and Amos 22.0. The result of hypothesis test shows that growth intention has positive influence on both financial and technological performance, and entrepreneurial competence (technological competence, strategic management competence, creative competence and team commitment) has positive influence on growth intention. Also, the research proved that business-network has regulation effect between human resource trait and growth intention. The result of our study will provide practical insight to future start-ups for continuous growth and successful running of their firm.

주제어

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	벤처기업으로 분류되기 위한 중소기업의 요건은?	특히 일자리 증대효과가 큰 고부가가치 창업인 기술 창업에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 국내 법제상 기술창업은 제조업 전문 서비스업(전문, 과학, 기술), 지식문화사업 분야의 창업을 지칭하며, ‘벤처기업육성에 관한 특별조치법’에 의하면, 기술을 기반으로 기술 및 경영혁신에 관한 능력이 우수한 중소기업중 벤처확인 유형별 요건을 갖춘 기업을 벤처기업으로 분류하고 있다. Kwun & Jeong(2012)은 기술창업기업을 연구개발, 새로운 기술지식의 활용, 그리고 새로운 시장 개척을 통해 수익 목적을 달성하는 기업 등으로 정의하였으며, Yang & Jung(2011) 은 혁신을 통해 성과를 창출하였거나 혁신 활동을 끊임없이 추구하는 중소기업으로 정의하였다.
	청년창업사관학교는 어떤 프로그램인가?	창업활성화를 위한 대표적 성공모델로 인정받고 있는 창업 지원 시스템이 ‘청년창업사관학교’이다. 청년창업사관학교는 창업 준비 및 초기 창업단계의 기술 창업기업에게 창업교육, 코칭, 공간, 기술 및 사업비 등을 창업에 필요한 제반 조건을 원스탑 프로그램으로서 지원함으로써, 매년 높은 수준의 창업 성과를 내고 있다.
	창업 생태계에서 퇴출하게 되는 원인인 죽음의 계곡을 극복하기 위한 방안은?	(1997)은 기업의 시장에서 초기에 자리를 잡고 성장을 위한 단계에 진입할 경우, 예비 창업 단계 및 창업 초기 단계의 성공 요인과 차이가 있어 새로운 관점에서의 전략적 접근이 필요하다고 하였다. 즉, 기술창업기업의 창업 후 ‘죽음의 계곡’을 극복하기 위해서는 기업 성장단계에 맞는 시장 대응을 위한 전략과 조직, 그리고 기업가의 관리자로서의 역량, 통합적인 비즈니스 모델에 기반한 네트워크 활동 등이 요구된다(Timmons et al. 1997).

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