[논문]사육 수온 및 사료 공급율이 넙치의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향

김경덕; 김강웅; 이봉주; 한현섭

doi:10.13000/jfmse.2016.28.3.611

사육 수온 및 사료 공급율이 넙치의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향
Effects of Water Temperature and Feeding Rate on Growth and Body Composition of Grower Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus 원문보기

水産海洋敎育硏究 = Journal of fisheries and marine sciences education, v.28 no.3 = no.81, 2016년, pp.611 - 618

김경덕 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터) , 김강웅 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터) , 이봉주 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터) , 한현섭 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

A $3{\times}2$ factorial experiment was conducted to investigate effects of water temperature and feeding rate on growth and body composition of olive flounder. Triplicate groups of fish (initial body weight of 118 g) fed a extruded pellet (55% protein and 4708 cal/g) to satiation and at restricted feeding rates of 0.25 and 0.4% body weight per day (BW/d) at the different water temperatures (13 and $18^{\circ}C$) for 9 weeks. Weight gain increased significantly with increase in feeding rates at each temperature. Weight gain of fish fed to satiation was significantly higher at 18 than $13^{\circ}C$, whereas, that of fish fed at 0.25 and 0.4% BW/d were significantly or slightly lower at 18 than $13^{\circ}C$. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed to satiation were not significantly different between 13 and $18^{\circ}C$, but those of fish fed at 0.25 and 0.4% BW/d were significantly higher at 13 than $18^{\circ}C$. The major finding of this study is that satiation feeding is efficient for optimal growth and feed efficiency of grower oliver flounder (116-164 g) in suboptimal water temperatures. The maintenance feeding ration which is zero growth performance, were 0.30 and 0.41% BW/day at 13 and $18^{\circ}C$, respectively. In the restricted feeding regime, compromised growth of fish were worsen in higher water temperature ($18^{\circ}C$ vs. $13^{\circ}C$). It might be related to high metabolic rate of fish that spend more energy for maintenance metabolism. Based on these results, we suggest that a satiation feeding regime is recommended for a productive growth of grower olive flounder in the suboptimal temperature.

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문제 정의

The objective of this study was to investigate effects of feeding rate on growth, feed utilization and body composition of grower olive flounder at different suboptimal water temperatures.

제안 방법

Fish were hand-fed a commercial extruded pellet (Suhup feed Co. Ltd., Uiryeong, Korea; 55% protein, 12% lipid and 4708 cal/g) two times a day at 09:00 and 17:00 h with equal amount of meal according to feeding rates for 9 weeks. Satiation feeding was determined by the point of cessation of voluntary feeding activity by fish.
A 3 (feeding rate) × 2 (water temperature) factorial design with triplicate per treatment was applied in this study. Three feeding rates (satiation, 0.4 and 0.25% body weight per day) were tested on randomly assigned triplicate groups of fish at different mean water temperatures (13 and 18℃). During an acclimation period for 2 weeks in experimental condition, a satiation feeding rate for olive flounder was measured at 0.

데이터처리

The data were subjected to a factorial ANOVA to test the effects of feeding rate and water temperature on fish performance, and Duncan’s multiple range test (Duncan 1955) was used for comparisons between means at an α = 0.05 significance level.

이론/모형

Whole body samples were analyzed for proximate composition using a ground and homogenized mixture. Crude protein was determined by the Kjeldahl method using Auto Kjeldahl System (Gerhardt VAP50OT/TT125, KG, Germany). Crude lipid was determined with ether extraction using Soxhlet extractor (Velp SER 148, Usmate, Italy).

성능/효과

Flounder at the restricted feeding group (0.25 and 0.4% BW/d) showed a considerable lower growth and feed efficiency than those of fish at the satiated feeding group in the same water temperature in this study. This may be because that a large proportion of nutrient in the diet was used to maintain life and only a small proportion of surplus nutrient after basic maintenance was available for growth (Hung and Lutes, 1987).
For commercial fish farming, restricted feeding without growth suppression is preferable for economical and environmental reason. In this study, the weight gain of fish at restricted groups such as 37-72% satiation (0.25 and 0.4% of daily feeding rate) was lower than that of fish at satiated groups. Similarly, Seo et al.
The major finding of this study is that satiation feeding is efficient for optimal growth and feed efficiency of grower oliver flounder (116-164 g) in suboptimal water temperatures. The maintenance feeding ration which is zero growth performance, were 0.

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