Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, a flowering plant in the daisy family (Asteraceae), is native to East Asia. In Korea, this plant is a locally cultivated vegetable, and its market size is gradually growing. Since the plants with downy mildew infection were initially found at a private farm of Chuncheon c...
Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, a flowering plant in the daisy family (Asteraceae), is native to East Asia. In Korea, this plant is a locally cultivated vegetable, and its market size is gradually growing. Since the plants with downy mildew infection were initially found at a private farm of Chuncheon city, the occurrences have continued in commercial farms of other regions, highlighting that this disease is spreading throughout Korea. The pathogen was attributed to a member of the genus Bremia that contains many specialized species, each of which displays a narrow host spectrum on Asteraceae. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, along with the high host specificity recently proven for Bremia species, the identity of the causal agent was confirmed as a so far undescribed species of Bremia. Here, we introduce Bremia itoana sp. nov., specific to C. sonchifolium.
Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, a flowering plant in the daisy family (Asteraceae), is native to East Asia. In Korea, this plant is a locally cultivated vegetable, and its market size is gradually growing. Since the plants with downy mildew infection were initially found at a private farm of Chuncheon city, the occurrences have continued in commercial farms of other regions, highlighting that this disease is spreading throughout Korea. The pathogen was attributed to a member of the genus Bremia that contains many specialized species, each of which displays a narrow host spectrum on Asteraceae. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, along with the high host specificity recently proven for Bremia species, the identity of the causal agent was confirmed as a so far undescribed species of Bremia. Here, we introduce Bremia itoana sp. nov., specific to C. sonchifolium.
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제안 방법
For morphological investigation, conidiophores and conidia formed from the lower surface of the infected leaves were transferred onto a drop of lactic acid on a slide glass, covered with a coverslip, and gently warmed up using an alcohol lamp. A detailed microscopic examination was performed using an Olympus BX53F microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a DigiRetina 16M digital camera (Tucsen, Fuzhou, China). The following morphological characteristics were observed at 100–200× for conidiophores and at 400× for conidia and ultimate branchlets.
Two different phylogenetic inference methods were performed on the concatenated alignment. Minimum Evolution (ME) was done in MEGA6.0 [17] using the Tamura-Nei substitution model, and the robustness of internal branches was evaluated by performing 10,000 bootstrap replicates. Maximum Likelihood (ML) inference was computed using RAxML 7.
이론/모형
For phylogenetic analysis, multigene sequences of Bremia species used in the previous studies [10–12] were retrieved from GenBank. Alignments for each of multigene datasets were done using the MAFFT 7 [14], by choosing the Q-INS-i algorithm [15]. After ensuring no strongly supported conflicting topologies among the trees inferred from individual loci, the alignments were concatenated using SequenceMatrix [16].
성능/효과
First, the length of conidiophores was markedly shorter as 200–410 (av. 305) μm than other four species (at least more than av. 400 μm).
참고문헌 (22)
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