Objective: Several studies have reported the development of new molecular methods for the prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility based on biomarkers aimed at overcoming the limitations of conventional male fertility analysis tools. However, further studies are needed for the field application of ...
Objective: Several studies have reported the development of new molecular methods for the prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility based on biomarkers aimed at overcoming the limitations of conventional male fertility analysis tools. However, further studies are needed for the field application of these methods. Therefore, alternative methods based on existing semen analysis methods are required to improve production efficiency in the animal industry. Methods: we examined the possibility of improving litter size in various pig breeds using combined Hoechst 33258/chlortetracycline fluorescence (H33258/CTC) staining. The correlation between field fertility and capacitation status by combined H33258/CTC staining in different ejaculates spermatozoa (n = 3) from an individual boar (20 Landrace, 20 Yorkshire, and 20 Duroc) was evaluated as well as overall accuracy. Results: The acrosome reacted (AR) pattern after capacitation (%) was positively correlated with the litter size of Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs and the overall accuracy was 75%, 75%, and 70% in Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs, respectively. The difference (${\Delta}$) in AR pattern before and after capacitation was positively correlated with the litter size of Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs and the overall accuracy was 80%, 65%, and 55% in Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs, respectively. However, the difference (${\Delta}$) in capacitated (B) pattern before and after capacitation was negatively correlated with the litter size of Landrace pigs and the overall accuracy was 75%. Moreover, average litter size was significantly altered according to different combined H33258/CTC staining parameters. Conclusion: These results show that combined H33258/CTC staining may be used to predict male fertility in various breeds. However, the selection of specific efficiency combined H33258/CTC staining parameters requires further consideration. Taken together, these findings suggest that combined H33258/CTC staining may constitute an alternative method for predicting male fertility until such time as fertility-related biomarkers are further validated.
Objective: Several studies have reported the development of new molecular methods for the prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility based on biomarkers aimed at overcoming the limitations of conventional male fertility analysis tools. However, further studies are needed for the field application of these methods. Therefore, alternative methods based on existing semen analysis methods are required to improve production efficiency in the animal industry. Methods: we examined the possibility of improving litter size in various pig breeds using combined Hoechst 33258/chlortetracycline fluorescence (H33258/CTC) staining. The correlation between field fertility and capacitation status by combined H33258/CTC staining in different ejaculates spermatozoa (n = 3) from an individual boar (20 Landrace, 20 Yorkshire, and 20 Duroc) was evaluated as well as overall accuracy. Results: The acrosome reacted (AR) pattern after capacitation (%) was positively correlated with the litter size of Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs and the overall accuracy was 75%, 75%, and 70% in Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs, respectively. The difference (${\Delta}$) in AR pattern before and after capacitation was positively correlated with the litter size of Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs and the overall accuracy was 80%, 65%, and 55% in Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc pigs, respectively. However, the difference (${\Delta}$) in capacitated (B) pattern before and after capacitation was negatively correlated with the litter size of Landrace pigs and the overall accuracy was 75%. Moreover, average litter size was significantly altered according to different combined H33258/CTC staining parameters. Conclusion: These results show that combined H33258/CTC staining may be used to predict male fertility in various breeds. However, the selection of specific efficiency combined H33258/CTC staining parameters requires further consideration. Taken together, these findings suggest that combined H33258/CTC staining may constitute an alternative method for predicting male fertility until such time as fertility-related biomarkers are further validated.
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문제 정의
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply combined H33258/CTC staining analysis for the diagnosis and prognosis of male fertility in various breeds. This study suggests a new option for diagnosis and prognosis of male fertility in various breeds using advanced conventional sperm analysis. Moreover, we propose that combined H33258/CTC staining analysis could be used as an alternative for diagnosis and prognosis of male fertility until sufficient development and field application validation of fertility-related biomarker methods have been performed.
제안 방법
However, these studies were performed with specific breeds and the application of the combined H33258/CTC staining method for the prediction of male fertility in various species/breeds was not examined. Therefore, the present study was designed to validate the applicability of a method for predicting male fertility based on combined H33258/CTC staining analysis before and after capacitation in various breed boars. In addition, to rule out seasonal effects during the study period, the environment was controlled and seasonal effects on conception rate was not observed.
However, to date, no studies have compared the use of combined H33258/CTC to increase production efficiency in various species and breeds. Therefore, the present study was performed to evaluate the correlation between field fertility and capacitation status by combined H33258/CTC staining in different ejaculates spermatozoa (n = 3) from an individual boar in different boar breeds (20 Landrace, 20 Yorkshire, and 20 Duroc). In addition, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, and overall accuracy were evaluated.
In addition, the predictability of litter size in various pig breeds was validated through AI in field trials. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply combined H33258/CTC staining analysis for the diagnosis and prognosis of male fertility in various breeds. This study suggests a new option for diagnosis and prognosis of male fertility in various breeds using advanced conventional sperm analysis.
데이터처리
0; Chicago, IL, USA). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the associations between capacitation status, variation of capacitation status, and litter size. The ability of individual analyzed parameters to predict litter size was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves (litter size ≥11 or <11 [based on average litter size of Landrace pigs], litter size ≥12 or <12 (based on average litter size of Yorkshire pigs), and litter size ≥8 or <8 [based on average litter size of Duroc pigs]).
Student’s two-tailed t test was used to compare the predicted litter sizes by ROCs.
성능/효과
Therefore, the present study was performed to evaluate the correlation between field fertility and capacitation status by combined H33258/CTC staining in different ejaculates spermatozoa (n = 3) from an individual boar in different boar breeds (20 Landrace, 20 Yorkshire, and 20 Duroc). In addition, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, and overall accuracy were evaluated.
00% in Landrace boars. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were 100.00%, 44.44%, 100.00%, and 68.75%, respectively (Table 4). The average litter size of Landrace boars with <39.
The ability of individual analyzed parameters to predict litter size was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves (litter size ≥11 or <11 [based on average litter size of Landrace pigs], litter size ≥12 or <12 (based on average litter size of Yorkshire pigs), and litter size ≥8 or <8 [based on average litter size of Duroc pigs]).
The average litter size of Landrace boars with <39.70% difference (Δ) in B pattern before and after capacitation was 11.29 piglets, whereas the average litter size of those with ≥39.70% difference (Δ) in B pattern before and after capacitation was 10.43 piglets (p< 0.05, Figure 4C).
The breed litter cut-off values were determined by ROCs (Landrace: 11 pigs; Yorkshire: 12 pigs; Duroc: 8 pigs). The cutoff values of the AR pattern after capacitation (%) were 10.76% for Landrace, 10.03% for Yorkshire, and 5.89% for Duroc (Table 4). The differences (Δ) in AR pattern before and after capacitation were 9.
The differences (Δ) in AR pattern before and after capacitation were 9.58%, 9.46% and 6.29% for Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc, respectively (Table 4).
7% for Landrace pigs (Table 4). The overall accuracy of the AR pattern after capacitation was 75.00%, 75.00%, and 70.00% in Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc, respectively (Table 4). The average litter size of Landrace boars with less than 10.
The overall accuracy of the difference (Δ) in AR pattern before and after capacitation were 80.00%, 65.00%, and 55.00% for Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc, respectively (Table 4).
These findings indicate that the difference (Δ) in AR pattern before and after capacitation can be applied to more efficiently predict male fertility in the Landrace breed, while the AR pattern after capacitation (%) is better for providing more accurate results in the Yorkshire and Duroc breeds.
후속연구
In particular, several studies have shown significantly increased litter sizes using these developed biomarkers in field trials [9-11]. However, additional studies and technical improvements are required for the field application of these new fertility-related biomarker based analysis tools for prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility.
In addition, several studies have validated these newly identified fertility-related biomarkers by application to field trials [9,10]. However, further studies are required to commercialize field application in the economic animal industry. Moreover, these methods require much effort and time.
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