[논문]Effect of weaning age on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility and blood-biochemical parameters in Droughtmaster crossbred beef calves

Tao, Hui; Guo, Feng; Tu, Yan; Si, Bing-Wen; Xing, Yu-Chuan; Huang, De-Jun; Diao, Qi-Yu

doi:10.5713/ajas.17.0539

Effect of weaning age on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility and blood-biochemical parameters in Droughtmaster crossbred beef calves 원문보기

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, v.31 no.6, 2018년, pp.864 - 872

Tao, Hui (Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture) , Guo, Feng (Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture) , Tu, Yan (Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture) , Si, Bing-Wen (Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture) , Xing, Yu-Chuan (Herbivorous Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Husbandry) , Huang, De-Jun (Herbivorous Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Husbandry) , Diao, Qi-Yu (Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of weaning age on intake, performance, nutrition metabolism and serum parameters of beef calves. Methods: Sixty Droughtmaster crossbred calves were assigned to 5 groups with 12 calves in each group. The calves in control group remained with the dams till the 22-week age, while the calves weaned at 28 d (4 wk), 42 d (6 wk), 56 d (8 wk), and 70 d (10 wk) of age were sent to group 4 wk, group 6 wk, group 8 wk, and group 10 wk, respectively, and then were fed on milk replacer till the 22-week age. Feed intake and body weight and size were record and blood metabolites were measured. And 24 calves of them (6 in each group) were picked randomly for digestion and metabolism trail. Feed, feces and urine sample were taken and measured. Results: Dry matter intake of calves in group 4 wk was significantly lower than those in the remaining groups from wk 17 to 22 (p<0.05). Feed efficiency of the calves was higher in groups 4 wk and 6 wk than those in groups 8 wk and 10 wk from 11 to 13 wk (p<0.05), and calves had higher feed efficiency in group 4 wk, group 6 wk, and group 8 wk than those in group 10 wk from wk 14 to wk 22. Calves in group 4 wk and 6 wk had lower body weight than group 8 wk and group 10 wk and control group at 10-week age (p<0.05) and 13-week age (p0.05) but was higher than that of group 4 wk (p<0.05). Calves in group 6 wk had higher final body weight and total gain than group 4 wk, but no difference of total gain with that of groups 8 wk, 10 wk, and control group. And weaning calves at 6-week age brought higher feed efficiency and average daily gain from wk 14 to wk 22, and higher dry matter and organic matter digestibility at 21 wk. Conclusion: It is concluded that the weaning of calves at 6 weeks of age gave positive results.

주제어

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.

가설 설정

2) Nutrient composition are all measured values.

제안 방법

The calves suckled on dams before they were moved to MR, therefore the dry matter intake (DMI) of the calves remaining with dams could not be calculated precisely, and calculations started at d 71 when the calves in the 4 groups were weaned off milk totally. Fecal samples were taken for 4 days during the 2 periods in the nutrients digestion trial and were frozen daily and combined on an equal wet weight basis to be subsampled for further analysis. The concentrations of nutrients in the feed, feed intake and in feces were used to estimate apparent digestibility.
The MR was fed to calves at 39°C twice a day, 08:00 am and 5:00 pm.
The calves suckled on dams before they were moved to MR, therefore the dry matter intake (DMI) of the calves remaining with dams could not be calculated precisely, and calculations started at d 71 when the calves in the 4 groups were weaned off milk totally. Fecal samples were taken for 4 days during the 2 periods in the nutrients digestion trial and were frozen daily and combined on an equal wet weight basis to be subsampled for further analysis.
The composited dietary samples, including MR, starter and forage were collected every 2 weeks in the experimental period. The samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM, method 930.
The composited dietary samples, including MR, starter and forage were collected every 2 weeks in the experimental period. The samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM, method 930.15), ash (method 924.05), ether extract (EE, method 920.85) according AOAC [11], and the difference between DM and ash content was organic matter (OM). Crude protein (CP) was calculated as 6.

성능/효과

1) Premix provided Vit A 15,000 IU; Vit D 5,000 IU; Vit E 50 mg; Fe 90 mg; Cu 12.5 mg; Mn 60 mg; Zn 100 mg; Se 0.3 mg; I 1.0 mg; Co 0.5 mg per kg of pellet diet.
05). Final wither height of calves in group 6 wk and group 8 wk had no significant difference with the calves in control group, but higher than the calves in group 4 wk and group 6 wk, and total gain of wither height of calves in group 10 wk was higher than the calves in control group, but calves in group 4 wk and group 6 wk was lower than the calves in control group. Final hip width of calves in group 4 wk, 6 wk, and 8 wk had no significant difference with that of calves in control group, but was significantly higher than that in group 10 wk, and total gain of hip width of calves in group 4 wk, 6 wk, and 8 wk were significantly higher than the calves in group 10 wk and control group.
The data were analyzed using general liner model procedures of SAS (SAS Systems, SAS Institute Inc., Cary NC, USA) with random calf effect, the fixed factor of age and treatment, and adjusted means were compared with least significant difference. Significance was set at p≤0.

후속연구

As a part of the studies, we will take cost of MR, labor, feeding facilities and cows’ physical changes and nutrition demands into consideration in the further study.
The present study shows that calves could be weaned off the dam’s milk at 4 weeks, but the optimal age to switch them to MR from suckling was at 6 weeks of age. Further study should be focused on the physical changes and the nutrition demands of cows with early weaning calves and the pre- and post-weaning nutritional management of early weaning calves.

참고문헌 (31)

1 Zezeski AL McCracken VL Poole RK Metabolic and reproductive characteristics of replacement beef heifers subjected to an early-weaning regimen involving high-concentrate feeding Animal 2017 11 820 5 27829479

상세보기
2 Marshall CM Walker AP Comparison of a short method for kjeldahl digestion using a trace of selenium as catalyst, with other methods J Sci Food Agric 1978 87 3429 50
3 Blanco M Ripoll G Albertí P Effect of early weaning on performance, carcass and meat quality of spring-born bull calves raised in dry mountain areas Livest Sci 2008 115 226 34
4 Wertz AE Berger LL Walker PM Early-weaning and postweaning nutritional management affect feedlot performance, carcass merit, and the relationship of 12th-rib fat, marbling score, and feed efficiency among Angus and Wagyu heifers J Anim Sci 2002 80 28 37 11831527

상세보기
5 Myers SE Faulkner DB Ireland FA Parrett DF Comparison of three weaning ages on cow-calf performance and steer carcass traits J Anim Sci 1999 77 323 9 10100659

상세보기
6 Vaz RZ Lobato J Effects of the weaning age of calves on somatic development and on reproductive performance of beef cows Rev Bras Zootec 2010 39 1058 67
7 Odhiambo JF Rhinehart JD Helmondollar R Effect of weaning regimen on energy profiles and reproductive performance of beef cows J Anim Sci 2009 87 2428 36 19359512

상세보기
8 Kehoe SI Dechow CD Heinrichs AJ Effects of weaning age and milk feeding frequency on dairy calf growth, health and rumen parameters Livest Sci 2007 110 267 72
9 Waterman RC Geary TW Paterson JA Lipsey RJ Early weaning in Northern Great Plains beef cattle production systems: II. Development of replacement heifers weaned at 80 or 215 d of age Livest Sci 2012 148 36 45
10 Lesmeister KE Heinrichs AJ Effects of corn processing on growth characteristics, rumen development, and rumen parameters in neonatal dairy calves J Dairy Sci 2004 87 3439 50 15377622

상세보기
11 Horwitz W Latimer G Official methods of analysis of AOAC International Gaithersburg, MD, USA AOAC International 2006
12 Van Soest PJ Robertson JB Lewis BA Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition J Dairy Sci 1991 74 3583 97 1660498

상세보기
13 Goering HK Van Soest PJ Forage fiber analyses. In: Apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications Washington DC, USA Agriculture handbook 1970
14 Jasper J Weary DM Effects of ad libitum milk intake on dairy calves J Dairy Sci 2002 85 3054 58 12487471

상세보기
15 Wolcott ML Graser HU Johnston DJ Effects of early weaning on growth, feed efficiency and carcass traits in Shorthorn cattle Anim Prod Sci 2010 50 315 21
16 Heinrichs AJ Rogers GW Cooper JB Predicting body weight and wither height in Holstein heifers using body measurements J Dairy Sci 1992 75 3576 81 1474218

상세보기
17 Heinrichs AJ Erb HN Rogers GW Cooper JB Jones CM Variability in Holstein heifer heart-girth measurements and comparison of prediction equations for live weight Prev Vet Med 2007 78 333 8 17157398

상세보기
18 Wickersham E Schultz L Influence of age at first breeding on growth, reproduction, and production of well-fed Holstein Heifers J Dairy Sci 1963 46 544 9

상세보기
19 Terré M Devant M Bach A Effect of level of milk replacer fed to Holstein calves on performance during the preweaning period and pellet Livest Sci 2007 110 82 8
20 Seo S Tedeschi LO Schwab CG Garthwaite BD Fox DG Evaluation of the passage rate equations in the 2001 Dairy NRC model J Dairy Sci 2006 89 2327 42 16702300

상세보기
21 Hill TM Bateman HN Aldrich JM Schlotterbeck RL Effect of milk replacer program on digestion of nutrients in dairy calves J Dairy Sci 2010 93 1105 15 20172232

상세보기
22 Quigley JR Caldwell LA Sinks GD Heitmann RN Changes in blood glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, and ketones in response to weaning and feed intake in young calves J Dairy Sci 1991 74 250 7 2030170
23 Chai JM Ma T Wang HC Effect of early weaning age on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum parameters of lambs Anim Prod Sci 2017 57 110 5
24 Hugi D Blum JW Changes of blood metabolites and hormones in breeding calves associated with weaning Transbound Emerg Dis 1997 44 99 108
25 Khan MA Lee HJ Lee WS Structural growth, rumen development, and metabolic and immune responses of Holstein male calves fed milk through step-down and conventional methods J Dairy Sci 2007 90 3376 87 17582123

상세보기
26 Paez Lama S Grilli D Egea V Rumen development and blood metabolites of Criollo kids under two different rearing systems Livest Sci 2014 167 171 7
27 Cheema AT Bhatti SA Akbar G Effect of weaning age and milk feeding level on pre- and post-weaning growth performance of Sahiwal calves Anim Prod Sci 2016 58 314 21
28 Blome RM Drackley JK McKeith FK Hutjens MF McCoy GC Growth, nutrient utilization, and body composition of dairy calves fed milk replacers containing different amounts of protein J Anim Sci 2003 81 1641 55 12817512

상세보기
29 Khan MA Lee HJ Lee WS Pre- and postweaning performance of holstein female calves fed milk through step-down and conventional methods J Dairy Sci 2007 90 876 85 17235164

상세보기
30 Bahrami-yekdangi M Ghorbani GR Khorvash M Khan MA Ghaffari MH Reducing crude protein and rumen degradable protein with a constant concentration of rumen undegradable protein in the diet of dairy cows: Production performance, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen efficiency, and blood metabolites J Anim Sci 2016 94 718 25 27065142
31 Radostits O Gay C Hinchcliff K Constable P Veterinary medicine. A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs goats and horses London, UK W.B. Saunders Ltd 2007

저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증

Effect of weaning age on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility and blood-biochemical parameters in Droughtmaster crossbred beef calves 원문보기

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

주제어

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

가설 설정

제안 방법

성능/효과

후속연구

참고문헌 (31)

이 논문을 인용한 문헌

저자의 다른 논문 :

관련 콘텐츠

원문 보기

원문 URL 링크

오픈액세스(OA) 유형

AI-Helper ※ AI-Helper는 오픈소스 모델을 사용합니다.

선택된 텍스트

연합인증

Effect of weaning age on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility and blood-biochemical parameters in Droughtmaster crossbred beef calves 원문보기

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

주제어

AI 본문요약 엑셀 다운로드 AI-Helper

가설 설정

제안 방법

성능/효과

후속연구

참고문헌 (31)

이 논문을 인용한 문헌

저자의 다른 논문 :

Tao, Hui (1) Tu, Yan (5) Diao, Qi-Yu (1)

관련 콘텐츠

원문 보기

원문 URL 링크

오픈액세스(OA) 유형

AI-Helper ※ AI-Helper는 오픈소스 모델을 사용합니다.

선택된 텍스트

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper