몇 가지 꿀벌 노제마병 방제물질의 평가와 꿀벌 질병의 발생시기 조사 Calendar for the Prevalence of Honey Bee Diseases, with Studying the Role of Some Materials to Control Nosema원문보기
미포장충류(Nosema spp. (NS))는 양봉꿀벌에 심각한 문제를 야기시키는 기생충으로 효과적인 방제물질의 선발이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 연구는 노제마병과 기타 꿀벌의 발생유행시기의 구명과 더불어 3가지 노제마병 방제물질(M1 = 벌꿀희석의 레몬쥬스; M2 = 설탕시럽 혼합의 카모마일 추출물; M3 = 설탕시럽 혼합의 항생물질 스트리베트)을 평가하고자 수행하였다. 꿀벌 성충과 유충집단의 질병 유행시기를 년간 조사하였으며, 야외 및 실험실 조건에서 노제마병에 대한 M1, M2, M3의 효과를 평가하였다. 조사결과 극소수의 꿀벌 성충과 유충 질병이 발견되었다. 노제마병은 겨울과 봄 기간 저온과 고습조건에서 검출되었다. 포장실험에서 M2는 36.66%까지 발병억제 능력을 보였으며, 반면M3는 23.33%, M1는 13.33%의 억제효과를 보였다. 실내실험에서 M2가 방제효과가 가장 좋았고, 그 다음 M1와 M3 이었다. 3가지 방제물질은 병에 감염된 꿀벌성충의 생존력을 크게 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 노제마병 방제를 위한 천연물질로 카모마일의 잠재적 방제효과를 제시하고 있다.
미포장충류(Nosema spp. (NS))는 양봉꿀벌에 심각한 문제를 야기시키는 기생충으로 효과적인 방제물질의 선발이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 연구는 노제마병과 기타 꿀벌의 발생유행시기의 구명과 더불어 3가지 노제마병 방제물질(M1 = 벌꿀희석의 레몬쥬스; M2 = 설탕시럽 혼합의 카모마일 추출물; M3 = 설탕시럽 혼합의 항생물질 스트리베트)을 평가하고자 수행하였다. 꿀벌 성충과 유충집단의 질병 유행시기를 년간 조사하였으며, 야외 및 실험실 조건에서 노제마병에 대한 M1, M2, M3의 효과를 평가하였다. 조사결과 극소수의 꿀벌 성충과 유충 질병이 발견되었다. 노제마병은 겨울과 봄 기간 저온과 고습조건에서 검출되었다. 포장실험에서 M2는 36.66%까지 발병억제 능력을 보였으며, 반면M3는 23.33%, M1는 13.33%의 억제효과를 보였다. 실내실험에서 M2가 방제효과가 가장 좋았고, 그 다음 M1와 M3 이었다. 3가지 방제물질은 병에 감염된 꿀벌성충의 생존력을 크게 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 노제마병 방제를 위한 천연물질로 카모마일의 잠재적 방제효과를 제시하고 있다.
Nosema spp. (NS) causes severe problems to honey bee colonies including the death of the highly infected ones. Searching for effective materials to control this parasite is very important. The objectives of this study were to identify the calendar for the prevalence of NS and other bee diseases, and...
Nosema spp. (NS) causes severe problems to honey bee colonies including the death of the highly infected ones. Searching for effective materials to control this parasite is very important. The objectives of this study were to identify the calendar for the prevalence of NS and other bee diseases, and to test the efficacy of three materials: diluted honey mixed with lemon juice (M1), chamomile extract mixed with sugar syrup (M2) and sutrivet mixed with sugar syrup (M3) against Nosema. To realize these objectives, diseases of brood and adult honey bees were surveyed over one year. Also, the efficacy of M1, M2 and M3 against Nosema was evaluated under field and laboratory conditions. The results showed that few diseases for immature and mature stages of honey bees were recorded. NS was detected during winter and spring in link with low temperature and high relative humidity. Under field conditions, M2 reduced the infection by 36.66% while M3 by 23.33% and finally M1 by 13.33%. In the laboratory, the highest efficacy was to M2 followed by M1 and finally M3. The three materials impacted the percentage of survived bees significantly higher than infected bees without any treatments over the experimental period. The study suggests the potential role of chamomile as a natural material to control NS.
Nosema spp. (NS) causes severe problems to honey bee colonies including the death of the highly infected ones. Searching for effective materials to control this parasite is very important. The objectives of this study were to identify the calendar for the prevalence of NS and other bee diseases, and to test the efficacy of three materials: diluted honey mixed with lemon juice (M1), chamomile extract mixed with sugar syrup (M2) and sutrivet mixed with sugar syrup (M3) against Nosema. To realize these objectives, diseases of brood and adult honey bees were surveyed over one year. Also, the efficacy of M1, M2 and M3 against Nosema was evaluated under field and laboratory conditions. The results showed that few diseases for immature and mature stages of honey bees were recorded. NS was detected during winter and spring in link with low temperature and high relative humidity. Under field conditions, M2 reduced the infection by 36.66% while M3 by 23.33% and finally M1 by 13.33%. In the laboratory, the highest efficacy was to M2 followed by M1 and finally M3. The three materials impacted the percentage of survived bees significantly higher than infected bees without any treatments over the experimental period. The study suggests the potential role of chamomile as a natural material to control NS.
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제안 방법
The percentage of survived bees was calculated as ([number of survived bees/15] × 100). After the end of the experiment, gut solutions of 10 live or recently dead bees from each group were inspected under microscope using 400X to detect the presence of any spores of NS. Bees without any noticeable spores were considered healthy while those with any spore detected were considered as infected bees.
Thus, beekeepers are advised to carefully examine their colonies during this period to detect any infection with NS and to treat their colonies. The study showed the potential use of chamomile to control NS more than diluted honey mixed with lemon juice, and sutrivet. Further studies to identify exactly the effective ingredients of chamomile and its mode of action to control NS are advisable.
대상 데이터
Five groups were prepared and each group contained 4 plastic jars with perforated covers. In each jar, 15 forager Carniolan bee workers were placed.
Five groups were prepared and each group contained 4 plastic jars with perforated covers. In each jar, 15 forager Carniolan bee workers were placed. The bees were collected from the lateral combs of NS free hives.
In each jar, 15 forager Carniolan bee workers were placed. The bees were collected from the lateral combs of NS free hives. The caged bees were left without food for 24 hours.
데이터처리
The percentages were transferred into degrees using rcsine transformation before the analysis. Means of infection percentages before and after the treatments were compared using t-test while Duncan test0.05 was used for the other comparisons after ANOVA. The analysis was performed using SAS 9.
성능/효과
Bees were observed crawling on the ground at various times except from April to June and September to October. Average temperature correlated significantly with Nosema and SBV (r = -0.89, P = 0.00; r = 0.65, P = 0.02, respectively), and insignificantly with BB, EFB, and DWV (r = 0.37, P = 0.23; r =-0.16, P = 0.61; r = 0.13, P = 0.66, respectively). Relative humidity correlated significantly only with Nosema infection (r = 0.
66, respectively). Relative humidity correlated significantly only with Nosema infection (r = 0.74, P = 0.00), and insignificantly with BB, EFB, SBV, and DWV (r = 0.13, P = 0.68; r = -0.07, P = 0.82; r = -0.53, P =0.07; r = -0.17, P = 0.58, respectively).
The three treatments impacted the percentage of survived bees in a similar way without significant differences (DF = 2, F = 0.20, P = 0.81 > 0.05).
후속연구
The study showed the potential use of chamomile to control NS more than diluted honey mixed with lemon juice, and sutrivet. Further studies to identify exactly the effective ingredients of chamomile and its mode of action to control NS are advisable. For beekeepers, the use of chamomile can be considered as a natural treatment to the infected colonies.
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