Nowrouzi-Kia, Behdin
(Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, Laurentian University)
,
Li, Anson K.C.
(Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto)
,
Nguyen, Christine
(Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, Faculty of Science, McMaster University)
,
Casole, Jennifer
(Special Education Department, Loretto College)
Background: The objective of this study is to find temporal trends in the associations between cardiovascular disease and occupational risk factors in the context of the Canadian population. Methods: Population data were analyzed from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) collected between 200...
Background: The objective of this study is to find temporal trends in the associations between cardiovascular disease and occupational risk factors in the context of the Canadian population. Methods: Population data were analyzed from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) collected between 2001 and 2014 for trends over time between heart disease and various occupational risk factors: hours worked, physical exertion at work, and occupation type (management/arts/education, business/finance, sales/services, trades/transportations, and primary industry/processing). Results: We found no significant difference in the average number of hours worked/wk between individuals who report having heart disease in all years of data except in 2011 ($F_{1,96}=7.02$, p = 0.009) and 2012 ($F_{1,96}=8.86$, p = 0.004). We also found a significant difference in the degree of physical exertion at work in 2001 ($F_{1,79}=7.45$, p = 0.008). There were statistically significant results of occupation type on self-reported heart disease from 2003 to 2014. Conclusion: Canadian data from the CCHS do not exhibit a trend toward an association between heart disease and the number of hours worked/wk. There is an association between heart disease and physical exertion at work, but the trend is inconsistent. The data indicate a trend toward an association between heart disease and occupation type, but further analysis is required to determine which occupation type may be associated with heart disease.
Background: The objective of this study is to find temporal trends in the associations between cardiovascular disease and occupational risk factors in the context of the Canadian population. Methods: Population data were analyzed from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) collected between 2001 and 2014 for trends over time between heart disease and various occupational risk factors: hours worked, physical exertion at work, and occupation type (management/arts/education, business/finance, sales/services, trades/transportations, and primary industry/processing). Results: We found no significant difference in the average number of hours worked/wk between individuals who report having heart disease in all years of data except in 2011 ($F_{1,96}=7.02$, p = 0.009) and 2012 ($F_{1,96}=8.86$, p = 0.004). We also found a significant difference in the degree of physical exertion at work in 2001 ($F_{1,79}=7.45$, p = 0.008). There were statistically significant results of occupation type on self-reported heart disease from 2003 to 2014. Conclusion: Canadian data from the CCHS do not exhibit a trend toward an association between heart disease and the number of hours worked/wk. There is an association between heart disease and physical exertion at work, but the trend is inconsistent. The data indicate a trend toward an association between heart disease and occupation type, but further analysis is required to determine which occupation type may be associated with heart disease.
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문제 정의
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between heart disease and occupational factors in a Canadian population. We analyzed data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) collected between 2001 and 2014 for trends over time between occupational risk factors and heart disease.
31 times [13]. The study suggests that heavy physical exertion may be a trigger of acute myocardial infarction, rather than any physical activity. Despite the results of this study, it is currently unknown whether an association exists between physical exertion at work and heart disease.
제안 방법
We examined the relationships between self-reported heart disease and three occupational factors: physical exertion, the number of hours worked/wk, and type of occupation. A linear regression was performed with self-reported heart disease as the predictor variable and physical exertion at work as the outcome variable. Data on physical exertion at work were available for 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007–2008.
Because the data used in this study were collected from a large sample size during a 13-year span, our findings can expand on the evidence reviewed by Kivimäki and Kawachi [5] on the association between work stressors and cardiovascular disease.
Data analysis was completed in Stata/MP 14 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA), with “svyset” commands to apply sampling weights and to adjust for clustering of observations within the health region stratification.
Data on self-reported heart disease and the number of hours worked/wk were available for all survey years. Logistic regression was performed with occupation type as the predictor variable and self-reported heart disease as the outcome variable. Data on occupation type were available for 2001, 2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2012, and 2013–2014.
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between cardiovascular disease and occupational risk factors, specifically the number of hours worked/wk, physical exertion at work, and occupation type, in the Canadian population. A significant statistical relationship was found between heart disease and the number of hours worked/wk in all survey years except for the 2011 and 2012 cohorts.
대상 데이터
Health and occupational data from the Canadian population were collected for the CCHS and were used in this study. The Canadian Institute for Health Information, Statistics Canada, and Health Canada jointly created the CCHS to collect health-related information about the Canadian population to be used for policymaking, program development, and population health research.
The CCHS is a cross-sectional survey that comprises questions related to health status, use of health-care services, and health-related behaviors. The survey is distributed annually to private residences in 117 health regions located across all 10 provinces and three territories. The collection methods for the CCHS are telephone and personal interviews.
The collection methods for the CCHS are telephone and personal interviews. The survey is targeted toward individuals who are at least 12 years of age except for some groups. Approximately 98% of the Canadian population over 12 years of age is represented in this survey.
데이터처리
The degree of physical exertion is rated on a scale from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater work stress and physical efforts. A second linear regression was performed with self-reported heart disease as the predictor variable and number of hours worked/wk as the outcome variable. The CCHS collected data on the total number of hours worked for respondents with one or more jobs.
성능/효과
In two of the five CCHS cohorts, occupations in trades/transportations/equipment had significantly higher odds (p < 0.05) of heart disease compared with management occupations within the same cohort.
후속연구
However, brief episodes of physical exertion increase the risk of cardiovascular events, such as ventricular arrhythmia [16]. Further studies are needed to better understand this association and to examine underlying mechanisms that may affect the risk of developing chronic cardiovascular disease compared with an acute cardiovascular event.
Lastly, in this study, we examined the difference in the number of hours worked between participants who had heart disease and those who did not. In this study, the relationship among participants with self-reported heart disease and lower mean weekly work hours warrants future investigation. Another study compared self-reported cardiovascular disease between participants who worked the standard 35–40 hours/wk and those who worked more than 55 hours/wk [5].
We found an association between heart disease and physical exertion at work, but the trend toward this association was inconsistent and requires further examination. The data indicate that an association may exist between cardiovascular disease and occupation type, but further analysis is required to determine which occupation type may be associated with heart disease. Future studies should be performed to elucidate the relationship between occupation type and work stress levels as risk factors for heart disease.
참고문헌 (18)
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