Purpose: This study was conducted among older women to (1) identify their levels of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behavior in dealing with osteoporosis and falls and (2) explore the relationships between the study variables based on a health-beliefs model. Methods: With a cross-sectional surv...
Purpose: This study was conducted among older women to (1) identify their levels of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behavior in dealing with osteoporosis and falls and (2) explore the relationships between the study variables based on a health-beliefs model. Methods: With a cross-sectional survey design, we recruited 94 older women of ages from 65 to 74 at a community setting via convenience sampling. The study participants completed two sets of structured questionnaires (on osteoporosis and fall prevention). Results: The general characteristics of the study participants demonstrated that the women were at high risk for osteoporosis and falls. Overall, the levels of knowledge about osteoporosis and falls, their self-efficacy, and their preventive behaviors were average or slightly above. The relationships between the study variables showed that self-efficacy and healthy behavior, such as doing osteoporosis exercise, eating an osteoporosis diet, and avoiding falls, were related (r=38, p<.001; r=.33, p<.05; r=.26, p<.05). In addition, there were statistically significant relationships between osteoporosis and fall prevention knowledge (r=.37~.46, p<.001), self-efficacy (r=.50~.53, p<.001), and preventive behaviors (r=.50, p<.001). Conclusion: The women's scores on osteoporosis and fall knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive behaviors suggest an urgent need for the implementation of educational programs for older women. A close relationship between self-efficacy and health behaviors implies a need for transformation of a traditional one-way lecture form.
Purpose: This study was conducted among older women to (1) identify their levels of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behavior in dealing with osteoporosis and falls and (2) explore the relationships between the study variables based on a health-beliefs model. Methods: With a cross-sectional survey design, we recruited 94 older women of ages from 65 to 74 at a community setting via convenience sampling. The study participants completed two sets of structured questionnaires (on osteoporosis and fall prevention). Results: The general characteristics of the study participants demonstrated that the women were at high risk for osteoporosis and falls. Overall, the levels of knowledge about osteoporosis and falls, their self-efficacy, and their preventive behaviors were average or slightly above. The relationships between the study variables showed that self-efficacy and healthy behavior, such as doing osteoporosis exercise, eating an osteoporosis diet, and avoiding falls, were related (r=38, p<.001; r=.33, p<.05; r=.26, p<.05). In addition, there were statistically significant relationships between osteoporosis and fall prevention knowledge (r=.37~.46, p<.001), self-efficacy (r=.50~.53, p<.001), and preventive behaviors (r=.50, p<.001). Conclusion: The women's scores on osteoporosis and fall knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive behaviors suggest an urgent need for the implementation of educational programs for older women. A close relationship between self-efficacy and health behaviors implies a need for transformation of a traditional one-way lecture form.
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문제 정의
This study was conducted to identify the levels and relationships of osteoporosis and fall prevention knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors among old aged women. The reason for choosing to focus on the three elements (knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors) over other study variables within the health belief model was based on the authors belief that healthcare providers could easily intervene one’s knowledge compared to other modifying factors (e.
제안 방법
The questionnaire included a total of 76 items measuring the participants’ knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behavior level on osteoporosis and fall prevention. All research tools used in this study were authorized by the tool developers, and any original survey tools written in non-Korean were replaced with Korean versions that were previously utilized in Korean research studies. Reliability and validity of all study instruments were established.
72 for diet knowledge of the original instrument, future studies will need to examine the use of this tool more carefully. Another improvement that needed to be made was the measurement of other study variables within health belief model such as perception of seriousness, susceptibility, benefits, and barriers. By measuring these study variables, the way to promote one’s health behavior could be understood better which will help healthcare providers in arranging their osteoporosis treatment plans for old aged women.
For further analysis of the study variables, the authors evaluated the score differences based on the women’s experiences with BMD test, osteoporosis, and degenerative arthritis.
The level of osteoporosis prevention health behaviors was evaluated by a tool utilized by Lee [23]. This instrument has a total of 18 questionnaires scored on a 4-point Likert scale, with 7 items on exercises, 8 items on calcium supplements in diet, and 3 items on routine follow-ups. The score of osteoporosis prevention health behaviors ranges from 18 to 72 with higher score indicating higher level of performing preventive behaviors for bone health.
This theoretical model demonstrates the modifying factors (age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, personality, or knowledge level) influence one’s perception of seriousness, susceptibility, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy which eventually, in combination with cues to actions, shape one’s health behaviors.
대상 데이터
30. A total of 94 participants were recruited.
This tool uses a 5-point Likert scale, with a higher score demonstrating a higher level of self-efficacy. The tool includes a total of 12 questionnaires with 6 items on exercises (score range: 6 to 30) and 6 items on calcium supplements in diet (score range: 6 to 30). The tool reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach’s ⍺ of .
[21] was used to measure the level of osteoporosis prevention knowledge. This tool consists a total of 24 questionnaires including 9 items on osteoporosis risk factors, 7 items on exercises, and 8 items on calcium supplements in diet. Responses on each item were scored as correct or incorrect.
데이터처리
For a detailed analysis of the level of study variables based on the participants’ history with BMD test, osteoporosis, and degenerative arthritis, an independent t test was also used.
For a detailed analysis of the level of study variables based on the participants’ history with BMD test, osteoporosis, and degenerative arthritis, an independent t test was also used. The relationships between the study variables were measured using Pearson correlations.
이론/모형
The osteoporosis prevention self-efficacy was measured using the tool developed by Horan et al [22]. The self-efficacy is also classified into exercise and diet subgroups.
The evaluation tool includes 8 items with a score ranging from 8 to 32. The tool uses a 4-point Likert scale for scoring the points. The tool reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach’s ⍺ of .
The self-efficacy is also classified into exercise and diet subgroups. This tool uses a 5-point Likert scale, with a higher score demonstrating a higher level of self-efficacy. The tool includes a total of 12 questionnaires with 6 items on exercises (score range: 6 to 30) and 6 items on calcium supplements in diet (score range: 6 to 30).
성능/효과
The average scores of study variables revealed a need for improvements of the women’s knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors related to osteoporosis and fall prevention.
참고문헌 (31)
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