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A study on Classification of Insider threat using Markov Chain Model 원문보기

KSII Transactions on internet and information systems : TIIS, v.12 no.4, 2018년, pp.1887 - 1898  

Kim, Dong-Wook (Department of Computer Engineering, University of Gachon) ,  Hong, Sung-Sam (Department of Computer Engineering, University of Gachon) ,  Han, Myung-Mook (Department of Computer Engineering, University of Gachon)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

In this paper, a method to classify insider threat activity is introduced. The internal threats help detecting anomalous activity in the procedure performed by the user in an organization. When an anomalous value deviating from the overall behavior is displayed, we consider it as an inside threat fo...

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제안 방법

  • For the data set employed for the present study, the data provided by Cert insider threat Center of Carnegie Mellon’s Software Engineering was used, and was checked through the classification algorithms of SVM, NaiveBayes, Multilayerperceptron, and RandomForest to perform clasification.
  • However, new attack patterns of diversified forms are occurring today due to the complexity of an orgnization and the changes of systems. Such changes are being made to a study of prediction from the standpoint of defenders or detection, for the studies are being carried out based on the intelligent methods by way of predicting the data convergence technology for the system and the system changes as well as understnding on insiders. In the present chapter, related studies to revent such insider threats are introduced.
  • In the present experiment, classifiation for the insider activitys is performed. The classification was realized into normal user and threat user, the transition matrix was constructed by using CERT:insider threat data set, and a total of 4 classification algorithms of SVM, NaiveBayes, Multilayerperceptron, and RandomForest were excuted. For Tranining Data and Test Data, experiments were implemented by application of 10-fold cross-validation[12][13].
  • Using this classification, a discussion was made on the problems including diversified vulnerabilities of the IC system model deriving scenarios concerning insiders’ threat and the characteristics of the events related to insider attacks in the attacker model.

대상 데이터

  • For Tranining Data and Test Data, experiments were implemented by application of 10-fold cross-validation[12][13]. The whole users of the data set consisted of 1,000 people in total, of whom 30 people were defined as threats. In the makeup of the data set for the present experiment, 170 users were made as the subject by randomly selecting only about 15% of the whole users.

이론/모형

  • For the activity analysis, changes in the operation processes for employees’s task states were analyzed by application of the Markov chain model.
  • are included. For the anomaly detection algorithm, abnormalities were detected by using the outlier detection algorithm based on KNN (K-nearest neighbor), which was supervised. According to the experimental results, the detection algorithm showed performance of a reliable level through ROC.
  • 5, classification for the inside activitys is performed. To perform the classification and verify the classification, 10-fold cross-validation was applied to the training set, and checking was made through the classification algorithms of SVM, NaiveBayes, Multilayerperceptron, and RandomForest. An overall Flow Chart for propsed method is as shown below in Fig.
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참고문헌 (14)

  1. Anderson, Robert H., and Richard Brackney, "Understanding the insider threat," in Proc. of a March 2004 Workshop, 2004. https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF196.html 

  2. Eldardiry, Hoda, et al., "Multi-domain information fusion for insider threat detection," Security and Privacy Workshops (SPW), 2013 IEEE. IEEE, p. 45-51. 2013. 

  3. Malek Ben Salem, Shlomo Hershkop, Salvatore J. Stolfo, "A Survey of Insider Attack Detection Research," Insider Attack and Cyber Security Advances in Information Security, 2008 

  4. Liu, A., et al. "A comparison of system call feature for insider threat detection," in Proc. of the 6th Annual IEEE Systems, Man & Cybernetics, Information Assurance Workshop. p. 341-347. 2005. 

  5. Chen, You, and Bradley Malin, "Detection of anomalous insiC in collaborative environments via relational analysis of access logs," in Proc. of the first ACM conference on Data and application security and privacy. ACM, p. 63-74. 2011. 

  6. Grinstead, Charles Miller, and James Laurie Snell. "Introduction to probability." American Mathematical Soc., p.405-469. 2012. 

  7. http://www.cert.org/insider-threat/tools/index.cfm 

  8. Eberle, William, Jeffrey Graves, and Lawrence Holder, "Insider threat detection using a graph-based approach." Journal of Applied Security Research 6.1 p32-81. 2010. 

  9. Wen-Hua Ju and Yehuda Vardi, "A hybrid high-order markov chain model for computer intrusion detection," Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, June, p 277-295, 2001. 

  10. Dawn M. Cappelli, Andrew P. Moore, Randall F. Trzeciak, "The CERT Guide to Insider Threats: How to Prevent, Detect, and Respond to Information Technology Crimes (Theft, Sabotage, Fraud)," Addison-Wesley Professional, 2012. https://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?assetid30310 

  11. Y. Liao and V. R. Vemuri, "Using Text Categorization Techniques for Intrusion Detection," 11 USENIX Security Symposium, 2002. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id720290 

  12. Cortes, C., Vapnik, V., "Support-vector networks," Machine Learning, 20 (3): 273, 1995. 

  13. Press, William H., Teukolsky, Saul A., Vetterling, William T., Flannery, B. P. Section 16.5. Support Vector Machines. Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing 3 Edition. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2007. 

  14. STOLFO, Salvatore J., et al., "A comparative evaluation of two algorithms for windows registry anomaly detection," Journal of Computer Security, 13.4: 659-693. 2005. 

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