Zahoor, Muhammad
(Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (lower))
,
Bahadar, Haji
(Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University)
,
Ayaz, Muhammad
(Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (lower))
,
Khan, Ajmal
(Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology)
,
Shah, Muhammad Jalat
(Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University)
Lysozyme is present in tears and has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. In addition, it acts as a physiological scavenger for harmful substances. In the present study, sixteen tear samples from people of different ages were evaluated for their antibacterial spectrum against selected bacterial ...
Lysozyme is present in tears and has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. In addition, it acts as a physiological scavenger for harmful substances. In the present study, sixteen tear samples from people of different ages were evaluated for their antibacterial spectrum against selected bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica Typhi). A radial diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial potential of tear samples. To correlate the antibacterial activities of these tear samples, the concentration of lysozyme in the tear samples was also determined. Ampicillin was used as a standard drug. The zone of inhibition (mm) was used to measure the antibacterial property of the tears. All samples showed good antibacterial activities. The tear samples of children showed antibacterial activities in the range of 4.40~5.00 mm inhibition zones against the selected bacterial strains. The tear samples from the young and adults showed good antibacterial potential with a zone of inhibition in the range of 3.20~4.00 and 4.00~5.50 mm, respectively. The tear samples from the old age group showed inhibition zones from 1.50~5 mm. The adult tear samples showed the maximum inhibition against the selected bacterial strains among all groups. The lysozyme concentration was 1.7 mg/mL, 1.95 mg/mL, 2.13 mg/mL, and 1.76 mg/mL for children, young, adults, and elderly, respectively. In conclusion, the tears from adults have the high inhibition potential. In addition, this data also showed that the lysozyme contents in the tear sample increased with age until 40~42 years.
Lysozyme is present in tears and has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. In addition, it acts as a physiological scavenger for harmful substances. In the present study, sixteen tear samples from people of different ages were evaluated for their antibacterial spectrum against selected bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica Typhi). A radial diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial potential of tear samples. To correlate the antibacterial activities of these tear samples, the concentration of lysozyme in the tear samples was also determined. Ampicillin was used as a standard drug. The zone of inhibition (mm) was used to measure the antibacterial property of the tears. All samples showed good antibacterial activities. The tear samples of children showed antibacterial activities in the range of 4.40~5.00 mm inhibition zones against the selected bacterial strains. The tear samples from the young and adults showed good antibacterial potential with a zone of inhibition in the range of 3.20~4.00 and 4.00~5.50 mm, respectively. The tear samples from the old age group showed inhibition zones from 1.50~5 mm. The adult tear samples showed the maximum inhibition against the selected bacterial strains among all groups. The lysozyme concentration was 1.7 mg/mL, 1.95 mg/mL, 2.13 mg/mL, and 1.76 mg/mL for children, young, adults, and elderly, respectively. In conclusion, the tears from adults have the high inhibition potential. In addition, this data also showed that the lysozyme contents in the tear sample increased with age until 40~42 years.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
대상 데이터
In the present study, sixteen different tear samples of different age groups were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against four different strains of bacteria. Tear samples were collected from children, young, adult, and old persons. All these samples were categorized in four groups as described above.
The standard drug ampicillin showed significant antibacterial activity with a zone of inhibition zone 6 mm, after 24 hours of inoculation. The inhibitory activity of tear samples was 4.50, 4.0, 4.50, and 4.50 mm for children, young, adult, and old, respectively.
From each group of volunteers the tear samples were taken on a sunny day from 9:00 to 11:00 am in the morning. The samples were collected and brought to Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Malakand for evaluation. The groups were given subjective numbers, and the detail of which is given as:
데이터처리
Values were expressed as mean±SD. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out, followed by Tukey multiple comparison test (post hoc) to determine the statistical difference (P＜0.05) among all groups. StatsDirect version 3.
이론/모형
The antibacterial spectrum of the tear samples was determined by using a radial diffusion assay as described previously [17]. In brief, under laminar flow, 25 mL sterilized nutrient agar solutions (28 g/L) were introduced into sterilized Petri dishes and allowed to cool and solidify.
성능/효과
All these samples were categorized in four groups as described above. The results showed that these tear samples possess potential antibacterial activities against gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains. The standard ampicillin showed maximum antimicrobial activity, which was used as a reference.
참고문헌 (22)
Bron A, Tiffany J, Gouveia S, Yokoi N, LW Voon. Functional aspects of the tear film lipid layer. Exp Eye Res. 2004;78:347-360.
Goto E, Ishida R, Kaido M, Dogru M, Matsumoto Y, Kojima T. Optical aberrations and visual disturbances associated with dry eye. Ocul Surf. 2006;4:207-213.
Kwong MSF, Evans DJ, Ni M, Cowell BA, Fleiszig SMJ. Human tear fluid protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis in a murine experimental model. Infect Immun. 2007;75:2325-2332.
Schnetler R, Gillan W, Koorsen G. Immunological and antimicrobial molecules in human tears a review and preliminary report. S Afr Optom. 2012;71:123-132.
Brasca M, Morandi S, Silvetti T, Rosi V, Cattaneo S. Pellegrino L. Different analytical approaches in assessing antibacterial activity and the purity of commercial lysozyme preparations for dairy application. Molecules. 2013;18:6008-6020.
Silvetti, T, Brasca M, Lodi R, Vanoni L, Chiolerio F, Groot M.D et al. Effects of lysozyme on the microbiological stability and organoleptic properties of unpasteurized beer. J Inst Brew. 2010;116:33-40.
Papareddy P, Kalle M, Bhongir RKV, Morgelin M, Malmsten M, Schmidtchen A. Antimicrobial Effects of Helix D-derived Peptides of Human Antithrombin III. J Biol Chem. 2014;289:29790-29800.
Blaker M, Kock K, Ahlers C, Buck F, Schmale, H. Molecular cloning of human von Ebner's gland protein, a member of the lipocalin superfamily highly expressed in lingual salivar glands. Biochim Biophys Acta 1993;1172:131-137.
Lechner M, Wojnar P, Redl, B. Human tear lipocalin acts as an oxidative-stress-induced scavenger of potentially harmful lipid peroxidation products in a cell culture system. Biochem. 2001;356(Pt 1):129-135.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.