[논문]Extension of Direct Displacement-Based Design to Include Higher-Mode Effects in Planar Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings

아베베 베카 하일루; 이종세

doi:10.5000/eesk.2018.22.5.299

Extension of Direct Displacement-Based Design to Include Higher-Mode Effects in Planar Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings 원문보기

한국지진공학회논문집 = Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea, v.22 no.5, 2018년, pp.299 - 309

아베베 베카 하일루 (한양대학교 공과대학 건설환경공학과) , 이종세 (한양대학교 공과대학 건설환경공학과)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Now that problems with force-based seismic design have been clearly identified, design is inclined toward displacement-based methods. One such widely used method is Direct-Displacement-Based Design (DDBD). Yet, one of the shortcomings of DDBD is considering higher-mode amplification of story shear, moments, and displacements using equations obtained from limited parametric studies of regular planar frames. In this paper, a different approach to account for higher-mode effects is proposed. This approach determines the lateral secant stiffness of the building frames that fulfill the allowable inter-story drift without exceeding the desired story displacements. Using the stiffness, an elastic response spectrum analysis is carried out to determine elastic higher-mode force effects. These force effects are then combined with DDBD-obtained first-mode force effects using the appropriate modal superposition method so that design can be performed. The proposed design procedure is verified using Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NTHA) of twelve planar frames in four categories accounting for mass and stiffness irregularity along the height. In general, the NTHA response outputs compared well with the allowable limits of the performance objective. Thus, it fulfills the aim of minimizing the use of NTHA for planar frame buildings, thereby saving computational resources and effort.

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문제 정의

In this study, the values of the reduction factors are chosen arbitrarily. The aim is to find the secant stiffnesses of the frames that result in the desired displacement profile. Therefore, α_c is assigned 0.

제안 방법

After obtaining the 5-percent damping ratio acceleration response spectrum for DBE and MCE, the proposed design procedure is applied. To determine the secant stiffness of the frames, moment of inertia reduction factors α_b forbeams and α_c for first-story columns need to be obtained.
To achieve this, lateral forces found according to DDBD procedure are applied on such a model to estimate displacements of the piers and abutments. For the model with stabilized secant stiffness, elastic higher-mode force effects are determined using a response spectrum analysis which are then combined with DDBD-obtained force effects by the appropriate modal superposition technique. The method cannot be directly applied to building frames since beams are expected to yield rather than the columns (except at the first story columns).
Design using a method called effective modal superposition, proposed by Alvarez [10], gives reasonable results for medium- and shortspan RC bridges. It is based on a structural model that uses secant (effective) stiffness at the maximum displacement for members in the inelastic range. The secant stiffnesses for the piers and abutments are obtained iteratively until the target displacement profile for the bridge is attained.
NTHA displacements and drifts of the frames designed by the proposed method show that those parameters are affected by the variaitons of bay width, variable mass and stiffness along the height, number of stories, and setback.
The design method can be applied to frames other than moment resisting RC frames (i.e.: steel, precast, prestressed, etc.) by using the equations of yield drift ratio, equivalent viscous damping ratio and strength and overstrength factors for the intended frame types.

대상 데이터

The site chosen for the study is located in the U.S. State of California, specifically situated at 37° North, -122° West.

이론/모형

2(a)-(b)). Search parameters to be input into the PEER ground motion database are obtained from hazard de-aggregation for the site using the USGS Beta Unified Hazard tool.
A P-∆ option is included in the analyses. The average acceleration method of the Newmark-beta numerical integration technique is used for the NTHA.

참고문헌 (18)

Priestley MJN. Myths and fallacies in earthquake engineering-conflicts between design and reality. Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering. 1993;26(3):329-41.
Sullivan TJ. The current limitation of displacement-based design. M.Sc. Dissertation. Pavia: University of Pavia; c2005.109 p.
Pettinga JD, Priestley. MN. Dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete frames designed with direct displacement-based design. IUSS press. 162p. Report No.: ROSE-2005/02. c2005.
Loeding S, Kowalsky MJ, Priestley, MJN. Displacement-based design methodology applied to RC Building frames. UCSD. 296p. Report No.: SSRP-98(06). c1998.
Suarez V. Evaluation of Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Building Frames. Ph.D. Dissertation. North Carolina: North Carolina State University; c2014. 231 p.
Amaris AD. Dynamic amplification of seismic moments and shear forces in cantilever walls. M.Sc. Dissertation. Pavia: University of Pavia; c2002. 75 p.
Sullivan TJ, Priestley MJ, Calvi GM. Direct displacement-based design of frame-wall structures. Journal of Earthquake Engineering. 2006;10(01):91-124.
Cheng F. Matrix Analysis of Structural Dynamics. New York: Marcel Dekker, c2000.
Kowalsky MJ. A displacementbased approach for the seismic design of continuous concrete bridges. Earthquake engineering & structural dynamics. 2002;31(3):719-747.

상세보기
Alvarez JC. Displacement-based design of continuous concrete bridges under transverse seismic excitation. M.Sc. Dissertation. Pavia: University of Pavia; c2004. 99 p.
Priestley MJN, Calvi GM, Kowalsky MJ. Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Structures. 1st ed. Pavia: IUSS, c2007. 721 p.
MacGregor JG, Wight JK, Teng S, Irawan P. Reinforced concrete:Mechanics and design. 6th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, c1997. 1151 p.
Ali MM, Moon KS. Structural developments in tall buildings: current trends and future prospects. Architectural Science Review. 2007;50(3):205-23.

상세보기
FEMA-356. Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings. Federal Emergency Mangament Agency. c2000.
Kappos AJ, Gidaris IG, Gkatzogias KI. Problems associated with direct displacement-based design of concrete bridges with singlecolumn piers, and some suggested improvements. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering. 2012;10(4):1237-1266.

상세보기
FEMA P-1051. NEHRP recommended seismic provisions: design examples. Federal Emergency Mangament Agency. c2016.
Malekpour S, Dashti F. Application of the direct displacement based design methodology for different types of RC structural systems. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 2013;7(2):135-153.

상세보기
Karimzada NA. Performance-based seismic design of reinforced concrete frame buildings: Direct Displacement-Based Approach. MSc Dissertation. Urla: Izmir Institute of Technology; c2015. 173 p.

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DOI : 10.5000/EESK.2018.22.5.299 [무료]
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