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NTIS 바로가기한국산업보건학회지 = Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, v.28 no.3, 2018년, pp.241 - 256
박지훈 (서울대학교 보건환경연구소) , 전혜준 (서울대학교 보건대학원 환경보건학과) , 오영석 (서울대학교 보건대학원 환경보건학과) , 박경호 (한국건설생활환경시험연구원 건축유해성평가센터) , 윤충식 (서울대학교 보건환경연구소)
Objectives: This study aimed to review the characteristics of three-dimensional printing technology focusing on printing types, materials, and health hazards. We discussed the methodologies for exposure assessment on hazardous substances emitted from 3D printing through article reviews. Methods: Pre...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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3D 프린팅 기술은 어느 분야에서 활용되는가? | 특히, 금속재료를 이용한 3D 프린터 시장의 성장은 과거 플라스틱수지나 분말형태의 재료 중심으로 성장했던 3D 프린터 산업의 응용 범위가 확대되고 있는 것을 나타낸다. 3D 프린팅 기술의 활용은 제조업 분야를 포함하여 바이오, 의료, 항공우주, 건축, 각종 개인 생활용품 분야(소비재) 및 고고학 분야에서 완제품을 비롯한 특수부품 제조, 개인 맞춤형 제품 생산에 이르기까지 지속적으로 범위가 확대되고 있다. 이러한 활용 범위의 확대 추세에 따라 세계 3D 프린팅 시장은 산업용, 개인용 3D 프린터 제조와 관련 서비스업종까지 포함하여 2021년에는 100억 달러 이상의 규모로 확장될 것으로 예상된다. | |
저가형 3D 프린터의 문제점은? | 대표적3D 프린팅의 기술인 수지 압출 적층 조형 기술(fused deposition modeling, FDM)의 특허가 만료되면서 저가형 3D 프린터의 보급이 일상생활 속으로 확대됨과 동시에 프린팅 재료나 또는 인쇄 과정에서 발생하는 유해인자에 대한 연구결과도 최근 몇 년 간 꾸준히 발표되고 있다. 특히, 보급형 3D 프린터에 채택되는 프린팅 방식은 대부분 고열이 소재에 가해지는 과정이 필연적이므로 인쇄 과정에서 발생하는 입자상 및 가스상 유해 인자의 발생원이 된다. 3D 프린팅 기술의 확장과 보급형 프린터 시장의 확대로 인해 3D 프린팅에 대한 관심이 커지고 있는 점을 고려했을 때, 보건학적 관점에서의 환경 노출 평가를 위해 선행되어야 할 과제로써 신기술의 특성에 대한 이해와 사용자 측면에서의 유해 인자에 대한 이해 내지는 노출 가능성 전반에 대한 이해가 선행될 필요가 있다. | |
3D 프린터의 강점은? | 적층 가공은 기존 제조업에서의 절삭 가공(subtractive manufacturing)과는 대비되는 방식으로, 실제 3D 프린팅 기술을 포함한 여러 기술을 포함하는 용어로 사용되었으나 최근 3D 프린팅기술이 각광을 받으면서 3D 프린팅 기술이 적층 가공을 대표하는 용어로 사용되고 있다. 3D 프린터는 물체의 3차원 형상을 제작함으로써 정밀한 구현이 가능하며 설계 단계부터 시제품 생산, 테스트 단계에 이르기까지 신속한 진행(rapid prototyping)이 가능하여(Figure 1) 비용경제적인 측면에서 강점을 가진다(Noorani, 2006; Wang et al., 2017). |
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