Kim, Yeon Jin
(Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University)
,
Yu, Hwan Hee
(Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University)
,
Park, Yeong Jin
(Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University)
,
Lee, Na-Kyoung
(Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University)
,
Paik, Hyun-Dong
(Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University)
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common microorganisms and causes foodborne diseases. In particular, biofilm-forming S. aureus is more resistant to antimicrobial agents and sanitizing treatments than planktonic cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm effects of cel...
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common microorganisms and causes foodborne diseases. In particular, biofilm-forming S. aureus is more resistant to antimicrobial agents and sanitizing treatments than planktonic cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from cucumber jangajji compared to grapefruit seed extract (GSE). CFS and GSE inhibited and degraded S. aureus biofilms. The adhesion ability, auto-aggregation, and exopolysaccharide production of CFS-treated S. aureus, compared to those of the control, were significantly decreased. Moreover, biofilm-related gene expression was altered upon CFS treatment. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed that CFS exerted anti-biofilm effects against S. aureus. Therefore, these results suggest that S. cerevisiae CFS has anti-biofilm potential against S. aureus strains.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common microorganisms and causes foodborne diseases. In particular, biofilm-forming S. aureus is more resistant to antimicrobial agents and sanitizing treatments than planktonic cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from cucumber jangajji compared to grapefruit seed extract (GSE). CFS and GSE inhibited and degraded S. aureus biofilms. The adhesion ability, auto-aggregation, and exopolysaccharide production of CFS-treated S. aureus, compared to those of the control, were significantly decreased. Moreover, biofilm-related gene expression was altered upon CFS treatment. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed that CFS exerted anti-biofilm effects against S. aureus. Therefore, these results suggest that S. cerevisiae CFS has anti-biofilm potential against S. aureus strains.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
문제 정의
Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) of S.cerevisiae isolated from cucumber jangajji against S. aureus. The anti-biofilm mechanisms were evaluated by investigating the differences in cell surface characteristics (adhesion ability, auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity), EPS production, and biofilm-related gene expression compared to treatment with GSE.
제안 방법
cerevisiae (KU200270, KU200278, KU200280, KU200281, and KU200284) isolated from cucumber jangajji were used in this study [19, 20]. Nine strains of S. aureus (P130, P131, P86, P87, P88, P89, ATCC 6538, ATCC 12692, and ATCC 25923) were screened to investigate their biofilm-forming capacity. S.
aureus. The anti-biofilm mechanisms were evaluated by investigating the differences in cell surface characteristics (adhesion ability, auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity), EPS production, and biofilm-related gene expression compared to treatment with GSE. Moreover, S.
5% glutaraldehyde in PBS at 4℃ for 1 h. Then, the fixed samples were washed twice with PBS and dehydrated using ethanol at graded concentrations (50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%) for 15 min (for each concentration). After dehydration, ethanol was replaced with isoamyl acetate, and the samples were freeze-dried for 48 h.
To confirm the morphological changes of S. aureus ATCC 12692 treated with CFS of S. cerevisiae KU200278, SEM analysis was performed (Fig. 3). The biofilm inhibition and degradation effects of CFS and GSE were also investigated.
To investigate morphological changes in treated bacterial cells, SEM analysis of S. aureus ATCC 12692 treated with CFS of S. cerevisiae KU200278 or GSE at 1/2 × MIC on a glass coupon was performed. Prior to microscopic analysis, S.
To investigate the anti-biofilm mechanisms of CFS, the adhesion ability, auto-aggregation ability, hydrophobicity, and EPS production of S. aureus were examined. Table 3 shows the characteristics of S.
대상 데이터
All experiments were performed in triplicate. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 18.
Five strains of S. cerevisiae (KU200270, KU200278, KU200280, KU200281, and KU200284) isolated from cucumber jangajji were used in this study [19, 20]. Nine strains of S.
데이터처리
aureus ATCC 25923 was 50, 25, and 100 μg/ml, respectively. All experiments were performed in triplicates, and reported values represent the mean ± standard error. a-cDifferent letters in the same bar indicate significant differences (p < 0.
The results were presented as the mean ± standard error. Significant differences among the mean values were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
, USA). The results were presented as the mean ± standard error. Significant differences among the mean values were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
이론/모형
Then, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the expression of biofilm-related genes using specific primers (Table 2). The results were calculated using the ΔΔCt method.
To investigate the MIC of GSE (ES Food, Korea), the double broth dilution method was used [14]. CFS and GSE were dissolved in YM broth and YM broth with 0.
성능/효과
CFS treatment of all tested strains and GSE treatment of S. aureus ATCC 25923, compared with the control treatment (85.28%-94.32%), significantly decreased the adhesion ability to the glass surface (48.42%-72.95%) (p< 0.05). However, GSE treatment of S.
In conclusion, this study investigated the anti-biofilm effect of CFS of a S. cerevisiae isolate against S. aureus. CFS significantly inhibited biofilm formation and degraded mature biofilms of S.
coli displayed inhibited biofilm formation and maturation. In particular, GSE at 1/2 × MIC showed inhibition rates of S. aureus and E. coli biofilm of 44.2% and 29.8%, respectively, and biofilm degradation rates of 35.2% and 36.9%, respectively.
aureus strains. Notably, the adhesion ability, auto-aggregation ability, and EPS production of CFS-treated S. aureus, compared to those of the control, were significantly decreased. Furthermore, RT-PCR showed that CFS altered biofilm-related gene expression.
참고문헌 (36)
1 Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2020 Foodborne germs and illnesses Available from https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/foodborne-germs.html Accessed Mar. 18, 2020.
2 Meeslip N Mesil N 2019 Effect of microbial sanitizers for reducing biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on stainless steel by cultivation with UHT milk Food Sci. Biotechnol. 28 289 296 10.1007/s10068-018-0448-4 30815321
3 Song H Lee SY 2020 Resistance of pathogenic biofilms on glass fiber filters formed under different conditions Food Sci. Biotechnol. 29 1241 1250 10.1007/s10068-020-00773-z 32802563
4 Hossain MI Mizan MFR Ashrafudoulla M Nahar S Joo HJ Jahid IK 2020 Inhibitory effects of probiotic potential lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi against Listeria monocytogenes biofilm on lettuce, stainless-steel surfaces, and MBEC™ biofilm device LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 118 108864 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108864
5 Nguyen HDN Yang YS Yuk HG 2014 Biofilm formation of Salmonella Typhimurium on stainless steel and acrylic surfaces as affected by temperature and pH level LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 55 383 388 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.09.022
6 Cao Y Naseri M He Y Xu C Walsh LJ Ziora ZM 2020 Non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents to combat biofilm-forming bacteria J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist. 21 445 451 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.11.012 31830536
7 Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2011 Burden of Foodborne Illness: Findings Available from https://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/2011-foodborne-estimates.html Accessed Nov. 05, 2018
8 Farha AK Yang QQ Kim G Zhang D Mavumengwana V Habimana O 2020 Inhibition of multidrug-resistant foodborne Staphylococcus aureus biofilms by a natural terpenoid (+)-nootkatone and related molecular mechanism Food Control 112 107154 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107154
9 Olia AHG Ghahremani M Ahmadi A Sharifi Y 2020 Comparison of biofilm production and virulence gene distribution among community-and hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus isolates from northwestern Iran Infect. Genet. Evol. 81 104262 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104262 32109606
10 Pontes EKU Melo HM Nogueira JWA Firmino NCS de Carvalho MG Catunda FEA Cavalcant TTA 2019 Antibiofilm activity of the essential oil of citronella ( Cymbopogon nardus ) and its major component, geraniol, on the bacterial biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus Food Sci. Biotechnol. 28 633 639 10.1007/s10068-018-0502-2 31093420
11 Olszewska MA Gędas A Simões M 2020 Antimicrobial polyphenol-rich extracts: applications and limitations in the food industry Food. Res. Int. 134 109214 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109214 32517896
12 Saidi N Owlia P Marashi SMA Saderi H 2019 Inhibitory effect of probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on biofilm formation and expression of α-hemolysin and enterotoxin A genes of Staphylococcus aureus Iran J. Microbiol. 11 246 254 10.18502/ijm.v11i3.1331 31523409
13 Yan X Gu S Cui X Shi Y Wen S Chen H Ge J 2019 Antimicrobial, anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm potential of biosurfactants isolated from Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus plantarum against Staphylococcus aureus CMCC26003 Microb. Pathog. 127 12 20 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.039 30496836
14 Song YJ Yu HH Kim YJ Lee NK Paik HD 2019 Anti-biofilm activity of grapefruit seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 29 1177 1183 10.4014/jmb.1905.05022 31370119
15 Cui T Bai F Sun M Lv X Li X Zhang D Du H 2020 Lactobacillus crustorum ZHG 2-1 as novel quorum-quenching bacteria reducing virulence factors and biofilms formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 117 108696 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108696
16 Wang N Yuan L Sadiq FA He G 2019 Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum metabolites against biofilm formation by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from milk powder products Food Control 106 106721 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106721
17 Kaur S Sharma P Kalia N Singh J Kaur S 2018 Anti-biofilm properties of the fecal probiotic Lactobacilli against Vibrio spp Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 8 120 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00120 29740541
18 Braïek OB Merghni A Smaoui S Mastouri M 2019 Enterococcus lactis Q1 and 4CP3 strains from raw shrimps: Potential of antioxidant capacity and anti-biofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 102 15 21 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.095
19 Hong JY Lee NK Yi SH Hong SP Paik HD 2019 Physicochemical features and microbial community of milk kefir using a potential probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae KU200284 J. Dairy Sci. 102 10845 10849 10.3168/jds.2019-16384 31629522
20 Lee NK Hong JY Yi SH Hong SP Lee JE Paik HD 2019 Bioactive compounds of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from cucumber jangajji J. Funct. Foods 58 324 329 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.059
21 de Lima MDSF de Souza KMS Albuquerque WWC Teixeira JAC Cavalcanti MTH Porto ALF 2017 Saccharomyces cerevisiae from Brazilian kefir-fermented milk: An in vitro evaluation of probiotic properties Microb. Pathog. 110 670 677 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.05.010 28478200
23 Moslehi-Jenabian S Lindegaard L Jespersen L 2010 Beneficial effects of probiotic and food borne yeasts on human health Nutrients 2 449 473 10.3390/nu2040449 22254033
24 Yu HH Song YJ Yu HS Lee NK Paik HD 2020 Investigating the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of cinnamaldehyde against Campylobacter spp. using cell surface characteristics J. Food Sci. 85 157 164 10.1111/1750-3841.14989 31909483
25 Islam B Khan SN Haque I Alam M Mushfiq M Khan AU 2008 Novel anti-adherence activity of mulberry leaves: inhibition of Streptococcus mutans biofilm by 1-deoxynojirimycin isolated from Morus alba J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 62 751 757 10.1093/jac/dkn253 18565974
26 Chiba A Sugimoto S Sato F Hori S Mizunoe Y 2015 A refined technique for extraction of extracellular matrices from bacterial biofilms and its applicability Microb. Biotechnol. 8 392 403 10.1111/1751-7915.12155 25154775
27 Heggers JP Cottingham J Gusman J Reagor L McCoy L Carino E 2002 The effectiveness of processed grapefruit-seed extract as an antibacterial agent: II. Mechanism of action and in vitro toxicity J. Altern. Complement. Med. 8 333 340 10.1089/10755530260128023 12165191
28 Kang J Jin W Wang J Sun Y Wu X Liu L 2019 Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of peppermint essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 101 639 645 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.093
29 Ghorbani Z Owlia P Marashi MA Saderi H 2018 Effect of supernatant and cell lysate extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on biofilm and alginate production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Iran J. Med. Microbiol. 12 189 198 10.30699/ijmm.12.3.189
30 Kim BR Bae YM Hwang JH Lee SY 2016 Biofilm formation and cell surface properties of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from various sources Food Sci. Biotechnol. 25 643 648 10.1007/s10068-016-0090-y 30263318
31 Kouidhi B Zmantar T Hentati H Bakhrouf A 2010 Cell surface hydrophobicity, biofilm formation, adhesives properties and molecular detection of adhesins genes in Staphylococcus aureus associated to dental caries Microb. Pathog. 49 14 22 10.1016/j.micpath.2010.03.007 20298773
32 Vijayakumar K Bharathidasan V Manigandan V Jeyapragash D 2020 Quebrachitol inhibits biofilm formation and virulence production against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Microb. Pathog. 149 104286 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104286 32502632
34 Liu M Wu X Li J Liu L Zhang R Shao D Du X 2017 The specific anti-biofilm effect of gallic acid on Staphylococcus aureus by regulating the expression of the ica operon Food Control 73 613 618 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.09.015
35 Bai JR Zhong K Wu YP Elena G Gao H 2019 Antibiofilm activity of shikimic acid against Staphylococcus aureus Food Control 95 327 333 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.08.020
36 Cui H Zhang C Li C Lin L 2020 Inhibition mechanism of cardamom essential oil on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 122 109057 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109057
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.