[논문]근거리 사진측량을 위한 스테레오 카메라의 안정성 분석

김의명; 최인하

doi:10.7848/ksgpc.2021.39.3.123

근거리 사진측량을 위한 스테레오 카메라의 안정성 분석
Stability Analysis of a Stereo-Camera for Close-range Photogrammetry 원문보기

한국측량학회지 = Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, v.39 no.3, 2021년, pp.123 - 132

김의명 (Dept. of Drone.GIS Engineering, Namseoul University) , 최인하 (Dept. of Spatial Information Engineering, Namseoul University)

초록
AI-Helper

근거리 사진측량에서 스테레오 카메라를 이용하여 3차원 위치를 결정하기 위해 카메라의 내부표정요소뿐만 아니라 카메라 간의 상호표정요소를 결정하는 카메라 캘리브레이션이 선행되어야 한다. 카메라 캘리브레이션을 수행하고 나서 시간이 흐르면 비측량용 카메라의 경우 내부적인 불안정성이나 외부적인 요인에 의해 내부표정요소와 상호표정요소가 변할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 스테레오 카메라 안정성을 평가하기 위해 두 대의 단일 카메라와 스테레오 카메라의 안정성을 분석뿐만 아니라 검사점을 이용하여 3차원 위치 정확도를 평가하였다. 4개월간 3회의 카메라 캘리브레이션을 수행한 실험을 통해 단일 카메라의 안정성을 평가한 결과 평균제곱근오차는 ±0.001mm로 나타났으며, 스테레오 카메라의 평균제곱근오차는 ±0.012mm ~ ±0.025mm로 나타났다. 또한, 검사점을 이용한 거리정확도를 평가한 결과 ±1mm로 나타나 다시기에 걸쳐 추정한 스테레오 카메라의 내부표정요소와 상호표정요소는 안정적인 것으로 판단되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

To determine 3D(three-dimensional) positions using a stereo-camera in close-range photogrammetry, camera calibration to determine not only the interior orientation parameters of each camera but also the relative orientation parameters between the cameras must be preceded. As time passes after performing camera calibration, in the case of non-metric cameras, the interior and relative orientation parameters may change due to internal instability or external factors. In this study, to evaluate the stability of the stereo-camera, not only the stability of two single cameras and a stereo-camera were analyzed, but also the three-dimensional position accuracy was evaluated using checkpoints. As a result of evaluating the stability of two single cameras through three camera calibration experiments over four months, the root mean square error was ±0.001mm, and the root mean square error of the stereo-camera was ±0.012mm ~ ±0.025mm, respectively. In addition, as the results of distance accuracy using the checkpoint were ±1mm, the interior and relative orientation parameters of the stereo-camera were considered stable over that period.

주제어

표/그림 (13)

그림 Fig. 1. Undistorted grid points using interior orientation parameters
그림 Fig. 2. Single camera stability analysis (ROT)
그림 Fig. 3. Multi camera stability analysis
그림 Fig. 4. Flow chart for a stereo-camera stability analysis
그림 Fig. 5. Stereo-camera
표 Table 1. Specifications of a stereo-camera
그림 Fig. 6. Checkerboard for a stereo-camera calibration
표 Table 2. Interior orientation parameters from three sessions (unit: mm)
표 Table 3. Relative orientation parameters from three sessions
그림 Fig. 7. Checkpoints for evaluating the accuracy of 3D coordinates
표 Table 4. Accuracy comparisons of stability analysis (unit: mm)
표 Table 5. 3D coordinates of checkpoints using a stereo-camera (unit: m)
표 Table 6. Accuracy comparisons using distances between checkpoints (unit: m)

참고문헌 (20)

Cardenal, J., Mata, E., Castro, P., Delgado, J., Hernandez, M.A., Perez, J.L., Ramos, M., and Torres, M. (2004), Evaluation of a digital non-metric camera (Canon D30) for the photogrammetric recording of historical buildings, International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol. 35, No. B5, pp. 564-569.
Escalera, A. and Armingol, J.M. (2010), Automatic Chessboard Detection for Intrinsic and Extrinsic Camera Parameter Calibration, Sensors, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 2027-2044.

상세보기
Fraser, C. (2006), Zoom-dependent camera calibration in digital close-range photogrammetry, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, Vol. 72, No. 9, pp. 1017-1026.

상세보기
Habib, A., Detchev, I., and Kwak, E.J. (2014), Stability analysis for a multi-camera photogrammetric system, Sensors, Vol. 14, No. 8, pp. 15084-15112.

상세보기
Habib, A., Pullivelli, A., Mitishita, E., Ghanma, M., and Kim, E.M. (2006), Stability analysis of low-cost digital cameras for aerial mapping using different georeferencing techniques, The Photogrammetric Record, Vol. 21, No. 113, pp. 29-43.

상세보기
Hong, Y., Ren, G., and Liu, E. (2015), Non-iterative method for camera calibration, Optics Express, Vol. 23, No. 18, pp. 23992-24003.

상세보기
Jeong, S. (2011), Evaluation of long-term stability of interior orientation parameters of a non-metric camera, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 283-291. (in Korean with English abstract)

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, E.M. (2018), Semi-automatic camera calibration using quaternions, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 43-50. (in Korean with English abstract)

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, E.M. (2020), Techniques of Photogrammetry and Computer Vision, Goomibook, Seoul.
Kim, E.M. and Hong, S.P. (2018), Calibration comparison of single camera and stereo camera, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 295-303. (in Korean with English abstract)

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, E.M. and Kwon, S.I. (2018), Automatic target recognition for camera calibration, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 525-534. (in Korean with English abstract)

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, E.M. and Kwon, S.I. (2020), Comparison of the accuracy of stereo camera calibration according to the types of checkerboards, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 511-519. (in Korean with English abstract)

상세보기
Kim, E.M., Choi, H.S., and Hong, S.P. (2018), Generation of epipolar image from drone image using direction cosine, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 271-277. (in Korean with English abstract)

원문보기 상세보기
Lari, Z., Habib, A., Mazaheri, M., and Al-Durgham, K. (2013), Multi-camera system calibration with built-in relative orientation constraints(part 1) - theoretical principle, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 191-204.

원문보기 상세보기
Lee, D.W. (2019), Estimation of rotation of stereo cameras based on the properties of frequency response of a scene for camera calibration, Transaction of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 125-132. (in Korean with English abstract)

상세보기
Mazaheri, M. and Habib, A. (2015), Quaternion-based solutions for the single photo resection problem, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 209-217.

상세보기
Mitishita, E., Cortes, J., Centeno, J., and Machado, A. (2009), Small-format digital camera : a study into stability analysis of the interior orientation parameters through temperature variation, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Mobile Mapping Technology, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-7.
Mitishita, E., Cortes, J., Centeno, J., Machado, A., and Martins, M. (2010), Study of stability analysis of the interior orientation parameters from the small-format digital camera using on-the-job calibration, Proceedings of the The 2010 Canadian Geomatics Conference and Symposium of Commission I, ISPRS Convergence in Geomatics-Shaping Canada's Competitive Landscape. Calgary, Canada, 7p.
Shoemake, K. (1985), Animating rotation with quaternion curves, Computer Graphics, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 245-254.

상세보기
Zhang, Z. (2000), A flexible new technique for camera calibration, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 22, No. 11, pp. 1330-1334.

상세보기

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증